The international reception of The Family of Man

This paper examines the role of The Family of Man in American cultural diplomacy. The exhibition was circulated around the world by the United States Information Agency (USIA), a government unit charged with distributing information about the culture and civic institutions of the US. The reception of the exhibition by the international viewing public is discussed. The discussion is informed, in part, by photographs documenting visitors to the exhibition.     

Burton Brothers of New Zealand

Abstract

The New Zealand firm of Burton Brothers was engaged in a wide spectrum of enterprise, icluding portrait, topographic and commercial photography. It came into being withing 20 years of the founding of the Otago Settlement. The firm soon became widely known for its ethnoghraphic photographs of the South Pacific, and later for its output of photographic postcards under the name of Muir & Moodie. Thomas M. B. Muir, who joined the firm early on, was related both to James Weaver Allen, a noteworthy pioneer photographer in the colony, and to Fred Muir who carried his camera to the unexplored interior of the South Island of New Zealand and brougllt back views of the hitherto unknown lakes, waterfalls and natural wonders to fascinated townspeople. Not surprisuingly, therefore, Burton Brothers and Muir & Moodie are household names in New Zealand, and are also well known to librarians and ethnographers throughout the world.     

Detecting modes of transport from unlabelled positioning sensor data

Global positioning systems (GPS) logs recorded in personal devices contain rich information such as travel patterns, locations of frequent visits and place–event associations. There have been rather successful attempts in detecting the mode of transport from GPS logs such as walking, driving or taking a bus, which has found varied applications. However, the best-known schemes either require tedious manual labelling or pre-training process (or both). We present MoDetect (MD), a unsupervised scheme which eliminates the need of manual labelling and pre-training while attaining equal or greater accuracy compared with the best-known supervised methods. MD can also cater for differences in individual's behaviours, and hence may be more widely applicable than the existing schemes. To achieve this, MD relies on Kolmogorov–Smirnov test which offers a theoretical assurance when computing similarity between segments of records. Our analysis shows that the higher speed modes can be better differentiated through a weighted bootstrapping procedure. We also augment the decisions with reference to the transfer probabilities between different modes at locations identified from the GPS records.     

The development of an advanced filial therapy model.

This article presents an advanced filial therapy model. This model was developed and implemented by the author in an effort to provide parents with ongoing support and skill development after the completion of a standardized filial model called Child–Parent Relationship Therapy. The advanced filial therapy model is described, including an exploration of how it was developed and how it compares with basic filial therapy models. Examples from the author's clinical experience are provided to illustrate various components of this approach. Finally, implications for research and practice are considered. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Effects of Y2O3 on the property of copper based contact materials

The copper based electric contact materials with multicomponent substance were obtained by powder metallurgy. The hardness and density of the samples increase with adding proper amount of Y₂O₃. Adding 1.5 wt.% Y₂O₃ the hardness of the sample reaches the maxim and the density of sample reaches the maximum by adding 2 wt.% Y₂O₃. In this paper, the effects of addition of Y₂O₃ on the performance of copper based contact materials were studied by metallographic microscope, XRD, SEM in details. Moreover, the mechanism of the effects was discussed.     

A Review on Structure–Activity Relationship of Dietary Polyphenols Inhibiting α-Amylase

The inhibitory effects of dietary polyphenols against α-amylase have attracted great interest among researchers. The aim of this review is to give an overview of the research reports on the structure–activity relationship of polyphenols inhibiting α-amylase. The molecular structures that influence the inhibition are the following: (1) The hydroxylation of flavonoids improved the inhibitory effect on α-amylase; (2) Presence of an unsaturated 2,3-bond in conjugation with a 4-carbonyl group has been associated with stronger inhibition; (3) The glycosylation of flavonoids decreased the inhibitory effect on α-amylase depending on the conjugation site and the class of sugar moiety; (4) The methylation and methoxylation of flavonoids obviously weakened the inhibitory effect; (5) The galloylated catechins have higher inhibition than nongalloylated catechins; the catechol-type catechins were stronger than the pyrogallol-type catechins; the inhibition activities of the catechins with 2,3-trans structure were higher than those of the catechins with 2,3-cis structure; (6) Cyanidin-3-glucoside showed higher inhibition against than cyanidin and cyanidin-3-galactoside and cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside had no inhibitory activity; (7) Ellagitannins with β-galloyl groups at glucose C-1 positions have higher inhibitory effect than the α-galloyl and nongalloyl compounds and the molecular weight of ellagitannins is not an important element.     

Facile synthesis of lanthanum hypophosphite and its application in glass-fiber reinforced polyamide 6 as a novel flame retardant

This work developed flame retarded glass fiber reinforced polyamide 6 (FR-GFPA) composites with excellent mechanical properties, thermal stability and flame retardancy using a novel flame retardant, lanthanum hypophosphite (LaHP). The flame-retarded properties of FR-GFPA composites were characterized by limiting oxygen index, Underwriters Laboratories 94 testing and cone calorimeter test. FR-GFPA composite with 20 wt% LaHP reached V-0 rating and a high LOI value (27.5 vol%). The mechanical performance analysis showed that both the storage modulus and tensile strength increased and then decreased with the increase of LaHP loading. For FR-GFPA composite with 15 wt% LaHP loading, the storage modulus was 164% higher than that of glass fiber reinforced polyamide 6 (GFPA). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and char residue characterization showed that the addition of LaHP can promote the formation of compact physical char barrier, reduce the mass loss rate and thus improve the flame retardancy of FR-GFPA composites.     

A Nanoindenter Based Investigation of Gold–Ruthenium Alloy Microcontact Behavior under Cyclic Condition

Abstract

A nanoindenter based experimental setup was used to characterize gold–ruthenium (Au5%Ru) microcontact behavior under cycling and hot-switching conditions where a cantilever beam with a contact bump was cycled in and out of physical contact with a flat plate to simulate the action of MEMS ohmic contact switches. Cantilever beam and flat plate were fabricated from silicon, and then sputter coated with 300 nm of Au5%Ru as the contact material. All contacts failed in adhesion with either shorter fatigue life (about 1–2 million cycles) or longer life (about 6 million cycles). The smoother contact surface had shorter fatigue life. The Au5%Ru contact material had longer life and higher resistance than gold. Further, contact resistance was constant during cycling up to failure. Different contact parameters: adhesion force, threshold force, strain hardening/softening and plastic deformation were monitored during cycling. Adhesion force in Au5%Ru microcontact was smaller than in gold. Threshold force was larger in Au5%Ru than in gold. Time-dependent and plastic deformations as well as cyclic softening were observed in Au5%Ru. Thus, elastic-viscoplastic material model(s) with strain softening capability are needed for the analysis of Au5%Ru microcontact behavior.     

Numerical Study of Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow in Multiple turbulent Impinging Jets

ABSTRACT

Impingement flows have been studied extensively for various geometries and configurations, but because of the complexity of the turbulent flow and its strong dependence on the geometry of the flow, further investigation is required to identify the suitable model for specific cases. This paper presents a study of various k–E turbulence models in order to identify the best model for an array of multiple confined impinging slot jets, with exhaust ports in the confinement surface located symmetrically between adjacent jets. Such a configuration is used in a novel drum dryer for black liquor. The “High Reynolds number” turbulence models including the standard k–E model fail to predict heat transfer to impingement surface accurately although they do predict the flow field reasonably well. On the other hand, the “Low Reynolds number” models yield considerably better results for both fluid flow and heat transfer. All computed results are compared with experimental data reponed in the literature. This work was motivated by the need to select an optimal multiple impinging jet configuration for a novel drum dryer for Kraft black liquor. It is also pertinent to impingement dryers for paper, films, textiles etc.     

Parallel single-phase ac–dc–ac shared-leg converters: Modelling,control and analysis

Reversible single-phase to single-phase dc-link converters are proposed and analyzed in this paper. They are composed of paralleled rectifiers and inverters sharing one or two legs with one or two dc-links. Modelling and a control strategy of the systems including circulating currents are developed. Compared to the conventional single-phase to single-phase dc-link converter, the proposed topologies permit to reduce: (i) the current and power ratings of the power switches, (ii) the harmonic distortion, and (iii) the dc-link capacitor losses. Additionally, the semiconductor losses of the proposed converters are smaller than that of the conventional one. Simulated and experimental results are also presented to demonstrate the viability of the proposed circuits.