川东北五宝场地区侏罗系沙溪庙组沉积特征

根据基准面旋回变化原理,利用野外露头、钻井、测井和地震地层切片等资料,对川东北五宝场地区侏罗系沙溪庙组二段开展了层序结构分析和不同可容空间下河道构成特征及河型转换模式等方面的研究。研究结果表明：(1)川东北五宝场地区侏罗系沙溪庙组二段主要发育1个三级及3个四级基准面旋回,各四级层序在低可容空间下为厚层、叠置箱形砂体,随着基准面上升,可容空间增大,到层序顶部过渡为相对孤立的砂体沉积;(2)沙二段沉积时期,研究区气候干燥,砂岩粒度大、成熟度低,发育强水动力构造,地震剖面上为平行反射,河流相沉积特征明显,发育多个低可容空间下的间断正韵律相互叠置的辫状河沉积体系及高可容空间下具“二元”结构的曲流河沉积体系;(3)沙二段河流相地层自下而上具有“辫—曲”转换特征,低可容空间下,砂体大面积展布,地震地貌上表现为相互叠置的辫状河河道,当基准面迅速上升时,可容空间增大,地震地貌上表现为相对孤立的曲流河河道;(4)研究区可容空间和沉积物供给比值（A/S）主要受大巴山物源区强烈的构造活动及温暖潮湿向炎热干旱的气候变化影响。     

Mesh网络p-cycle的快速配置方法

该文提出了mesh冗余网络中快速配置p-cycle保护环的方法。算法从两个方面有效地提高配置速度：一方面在一次比较搜索过程中,配置一个多容量pcycle环,而不是仅配置一个单位容量环;另一方面,将已有算法基于圈的搜索策略,改进为基于通路的搜索策略。这样可以有效地防止大量的搜索信息汇聚到一个节点,降低配置速度。当改为通路搜索后,原来汇聚到一个节点的处理,可分散到多个相邻节点进行并行处理,这将有效地加快配置速度。通过仿真表明,该钟法具有同已有算法相当的恢复率,但所需的搜索趟数性能却能获得大幅度的改善,同时也不显著增加备用容量的消耗。结果表明网络规模越大,本文算法的优势越明显。     

单周期超短脉冲光束通过色散介质的传输

本文分析了单周期超短脉冲光束在色散介质中的传输特性，给出了相应的解析解。结果当脉冲宽度短至几个光学周期时，时空参量之间的耦全变得很重要，并将引起脉冲光束的非对称。     

Does the production of Belgian bioethanol fit with European requirements on GHG emissions? Case of wheat

This paper undertakes an environmental evaluation of bioethanol production, using wheat cultivated in Belgium. Cultivation steps are modelled using Belgian specific data. Wheat transformation in ethanol relies on industrial data. GHG emissions of the whole life cycle are calculated and compared with the default values given by the European Renewable Energy Directive. Belgian wheat bioethanol achieves a 5% higher GHG reduction than the one mentioned in the European directive but impact repartition is different with a higher importance of cultivation step in our case. Belgian wheat bioethanol complies with the current sustainability criteria but is also able to conform to further ones. Sensitivity analyses are performed on the importance of N fertilizers and associated emissions known as main important parameters. These analyses reveal non negligible variations and then a range of available GHG reduction when using wheat bioethanol.     

Solar energy powered Rankine cycle using supercritical CO2

A solar energy powered Rankine cycle using supercritical CO₂ for combined production of electricity and thermal energy is proposed. The proposed system consists of evacuated solar collectors, power generating turbine, high-temperature heat recovery system, low-temperature heat recovery system, and feed pump. The system utilizes evacuated solar collectors to convert CO₂ into high-temperature supercritical state, used to drive a turbine and thereby produce mechanical energy and hence electricity. The system also recovers heat (high-temperature heat and low-temperature heat), which could be used for refrigeration, air conditioning, hot water supply, etc. in domestic or commercial buildings. An experimental prototype has been designed and constructed. The prototype system has been tested under typical summer conditions in Kyoto, Japan; It was found that CO₂ is efficiently converted into high-temperature supercritical state, of while electricity and hot water can be generated. The experimental results show that the solar energy powered Rankine cycle using CO₂ works stably in a trans-critical region. The estimated power generation efficiency is 0.25 and heat recovery efficiency is 0.65. This study shows the potential of the application of the solar-powered Rankine cycle using supercritical CO₂.     

An advanced zero emission power cycle with integrated low temperature thermal energy

An innovative zero emission hybrid cycle named HICES (hybrid and improved CES cycle) is presented in this paper. It can utilize fossil fuel and low quality thermal energy such as waste heat from industrial processes and solar thermal energy for highly efficient electric power generation. In the HICES cycle, natural gas is internally combusted with pure oxygen. External low quality thermal energy is used to produce saturated steam between 70 and 250 °C as part of the working fluid. The thermodynamic characteristics at design conditions of the HICES cycle are analyzed using the advanced process simulator Aspen Plus. The influences of some key parameters are investigated. The results demonstrate that the thermodynamic performances of the HICES cycle are quite promising. For example, when the external heat produced saturated steam is at 70 °C, the net fuel-to-electricity efficiency is 54.18% even when taking into account both the energy penalties to produce pure oxygen and to liquefy the captured CO₂. The incremental low temperature heat to electric efficiency is as high as 14.08% at the same time. When the external heat produced saturated steam is at 250 °C, the net fuel-to-electricity efficiency reaches 62.66%. The incremental low temperature heat to electric efficiency achieves 48.92%.     

从地域角度看燃气轮机发电在我国的发展及选型

把我国按地理位置分为六个大区,对每个大区从人口、经济、资源、环境污染等多方面进行综合评价。结合利用GT—PRO对采用不同级别燃气轮机的发电系统进行经济性分析,得出在未来一段时间内,基于F级燃气轮机联合循环仍将是我国华北、东北、东南沿海等大部份地区的首选燃机发电技术、中小型热电冷联产系统也将是燃气轮机应用的一个可行途径的结论。从长远来看,在富煤地区发展以燃气轮机发电为核心的煤基多联产系统有着更大的潜力。     

Multiobjective optimisation of integrated energy systems for remote communities considering economics and CO2 emissions

The methods for designing, planning and managing integrated energy systems, while holistically considering the major economic and environmental factors, are still embryonic. However, the first phase of the design is often crucial if we want to manage resources better and reduce energy consumption and pollution. Considering integrated energy systems implies dealing with complex systems in which the synergy between the various components is best exploited (for example the thermal energy of a diesel engine produced during the night is complimented by the Rankine organic cycle of a solar thermal plant). The context of isolated communities further increases the difficulties when considering the long distance of transport required to supply fossil fuels. These sites are often located in very precarious environments, with limited or nonexistent resources except for solar energy, and with frequent additional needs for desalination (in arid zones).This paper illustrates a holistic method to rationalize the design of energy integrated systems. It is based on a superstructure (collection of models of all envisaged technologies) and a multi-objective optimisation (resources, demand, energy, emission, costs) using an evolutionary algorithm. The approach proposed allows the identification of more complete and more coherent integrated configurations characterizing the most promising designs (also taking into account the time dependency aspects). It also allows to better structure the information in view of a participative decision approach. The study shows that the economic implementation of renewable energy (solar) is even more difficult, compared to diesel based solutions, in cases of isolated communities with high load variations. New infrastructure or retrofit cases are considered.     

Steam absorption process of water/LiBr system inside vertical small bore pipes

In a previous paper, a numerical model for absorption within vertical pipes was proposed and compared with the experiments. Agreements were good for pipes with an OD 28–15 mm but at 10 mm pipe experiments fell below the predicted values. For smaller diameters, the difference between the surface area of the falling liquid film and that of the outer surface of the pipe is not negligible and the thickness of the liquid film is also not negligible. In this paper a new model is formulated in cylindrical coordinates and experiments using pipes with 9.52 mm and 7 mm OD are done. Smooth pipes and two kinds of internally finned pipes, originally developed and used to enhance the heat transfer characteristics of the evaporator and condenser of a refrigerator using HFC as refrigerant, are tested in the experiments. The absorption performance is enhanced by 30% when compared to the smooth pipes, but the difference between the finned pipes is small. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res, 34(1): 18–28, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/htj.20040     

汽轮机排汽焓的在线算法

在热力系统在线性能计算中,由于汽轮机的排汽通常处于湿蒸汽状态,其焓值无法直接测定,目前排汽焓是根据机组的功率平衡通过迭代过程计算出来的,实时性差。文中提出了计算汽轮机排汽焓的在线算法,将流量分布矢量视为慢变化变量,根据前一计算周期的流量分布矢量来计算当前周期的排汽焓值,然后根据当前的实测参数计算流量分布矢量提供给下一个计算周期使用。该算法无需迭代,适合在线使用。参6