应变疲劳循环软化机制的观察,确证及定量估测

通过透射电镜观察和循环应变加时效的试验方法，对淬火回火态地低碳合金钢的循环软件机制进行了研究。     

水冷螺杆机组热回收的设计与应用

以水冷螺杆机组的热回收机制为研究基础,对影响热回收效率的几个重要因素进行详细的比较分析,确定相关因素的影响规律,并提出改善热回收设计与应用的措施。     

CO_2跨临界制冷系统单元件改进的性能研究

通过加入回热器和旁通阀,对带有双节流阀的CO2跨临界制冷系统进行了改进,通过对改进前后系统性能参数的理论分析和计算,得出结论:一定的工况下存在一个最佳高压侧压力(Ph,opt),它与气冷器出口温度(T3)、蒸发温度(Te)的关系为:Ph,opt=0.264 3 T3-0.008 9 Te-70.255 4;回热器的加入在低于Ph,opt的压力区内对系统性能有较大的提升,旁通阀的加入从理论计算来看对系统性能影响很小.     

真丝绸产品的清洁生产与生态设计

通过对真丝绸整个产品生命过程的分析，对其进行了生命周期评价，说明了丝绸与其产地环境之间的联系和影响，尝试寻求两者之间的和谐关系，提出了清洁生产工艺的规划和各种行之有效的对策和措施，尝试了对环境友好的丝绸印染工艺的生态设计。     

压缩制冷系统常见故障分析及应对

介绍了压缩制冷系统的原理和发展现状.汇总了系统常见的各类故障,分析了故障原因并介绍了解决方法.总结了实际运转中故障应对的经验,并提出了压缩制冷系统运行优化控制的建议.     

Effects of sodium bicarbonate containing traces of citric acid in combination with sodium chloride on yield and some properties of white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) frozen by shelf freezing, air-blast and cryogenic freezing

Effects of sodium bicarbonate with traces of citric acid in combination with sodium chloride on yield, freezing time, freezing rate, freezing loss and cutting force of white shrimp frozen by shelf, air-blast and cryogenic freezing with/without precooking were investigated. Shelf freezing was done at −40 °C ± 2 °C while air-blast freezing was carried out at −35 °C ± 2 °C, and cryogenic freezing was done at −35 °C, −40 °C and −60 °C. The freezing loss in the non-treated samples was 8.25, 4.6-5.84 and 1.92-3.48 g/100 g fresh shrimp for peeled samples frozen without precooking and increased to 21.85, 17.54-26.97, 17.92-20.31 g/100 g fresh shrimp in the precooked samples frozen by shelf, air-blast and cryogenic freezing, respectively. The treatment of sodium bicarbonate containing traces of citric acid at 4 g/100 ml with sodium chloride at 3 g/100 ml lead to the increase of yield thus reduced the freezing loss by about 6.83-10.28 and 6.41-12.4 g/100 g fresh shrimp for the frozen-thawed samples frozen as uncooked and cooked products, respectively. The toughening of shrimp was observed while sodium bicarbonate containing traces of citric acid treatment with sodium chloride could reduce the texture change occurred during the freezing.     

AKT signalling and mitochondrial pathways are involved in mushroom polysaccharide-induced apoptosis and G1 or S phase arrest in human hepatoma cells

This study describes molecular mechanisms for inhibiting tumour cell proliferation using polysaccharides from medicinal mushrooms in human hepatoma cells. The results show that regarding cell cycle-related proteins, three types of polysaccharides significantly enhance the expression of p27^Kip in HepG2 and Bel-7404 cells, while suppressing the activity of cyclin D1/CDK4 and/or cyclin E/CDK2. Considering apoptosis-related factors, the polysaccharides suppressed AKT activity through the inhibition of AKT phosphorylation at Thr³⁰⁸ and/or Ser⁴⁷³. The growth of HepG2 and Bel-7404 cells was suppressed by the up-regulation of a subunit of PI3K and phospho-PTEN, which are modulators of AKT activity. The polysaccharides also activated the mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway by stimulating the activation of Bcl-2 family proteins to release cytochrome c and Smac and cleave caspase-9 and caspase-3 in HepG2 and Bel-7404 cells. These factors have a potent effect on cell cycle arrest in G₁ and/or S phase and induce apoptosis in HepG2 and Bel-7404 cells.     

回转式给袋包装机自动供袋机构设计

供袋机构是回转式给袋包装机的重要组成,其性能直接影响包装机的包装速度与包装精度。基于包装机及供袋部件工作原理的分析,设计了供袋部件的自动供袋工艺流程,确定了供袋部件的机构构型和工作循环图;以二次上袋机构为例,建立了上袋机构的机构分析模型,采用封闭矢量法,求取了机构输出与凸轮输入转角的数学模型。基于供袋部件的机构分析与设计流程,综合考虑机器总体布局、机构尺寸与结构设计等因素,优化确定供袋机构的连杆尺寸,实现预制包装袋的高效平稳供送。     

德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种发酵对牛乳中β-酪蛋白抗原性的影响

复原脱脂牛乳经德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种发酵至凝乳,然后在4℃下冷藏5 d。用间接竞争ELISA法测定了其中β-酪蛋白(β-CN)的抗原残留量,并且对发酵样品的蛋白水解程度与滴定酸度进行了分析。结果表明,复原脱脂乳经90～95℃处理5 min后,β-CN的抗原残留量为60.25%,发酵过程中其抗原残留量持续下降,凝乳时下降到55.46%,而冷藏1 d后降到了最低值54.03%,随后又缓慢上升,冷藏3 d后为55.87%,继续冷藏至5 d,β-CN的抗原残留量基本没有变化,维持在55.5%与55.9%之间。因此采用德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种发酵能够在一定程度上降低牛乳中β-CN的抗原性,但是在冷藏5 d的过程中其抗原性又有一定程度的升高。