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排序方式: 共有6550条查询结果,搜索用时 218 毫秒
61.
62.
Employing isothermal and isochronal differential scanning calorimetry, an analytical phase transformation model was used to study the kinetics of crystallization of amorphous Mg82.3Cu17.7 and Pd40Cu30P20Ni10 alloys. The analytical model comprised different combinations of various nucleation and growth mechanisms for a single transformation. Applying different combinations of nucleation and growth mechanisms, the nucleation and growth modes and the corresponding kinetic and thermodynamic parameters, have been determined. The influence of isothermal pre-annealing on subsequent isochronal crystallization kinetics with the increase of pre-annealing can be analyzed. The results show that the changes of the growth exponent, n, and the effective overall activation energy Q, occurring as function of the degree of transformation, do not necessarily imply a change of nucleation and growth mechanisms, i.e. such changes can occur while the transformation is isokinetic. 相似文献
63.
采用离子束溅射沉积了不同厚度的Co膜和Cu膜,利用四电极法测量了薄膜的电阻率,从而得到了Co膜和Cu膜的电导率随薄膜厚度的变化关系。实验结果表明,Co膜和Cu膜的电学特性都具有明显的尺寸效应。比较了同时考虑表面散射和晶界散射的电导理论得到的电导率公式与实验结果,不同薄膜厚度电导率的理论结果与实验结果符合较好。提出了厚度作为金属薄膜生长从不连续膜进入连续膜的一个特征判据,并利用原子力显微镜(AFM)观测了膜厚在特征厚度附近的Co膜和Cu膜的表面形貌。 相似文献
64.
化学镀Ni-Cu-P添加剂的研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
通过对化学镀Ni-Cu-P合金的稳定剂、表面活性剂、光亮剂对镀层性能及镀液稳定性的影响研究,得出最佳实验配方。 相似文献
65.
A. Amara A. Ferdi A. Drici J.C. Bernde M. Morsli M. Guerioune 《Catalysis Today》2006,113(3-4):251-256
Co-evaporation technique from three sources was used to prepare Cu(In, Ga)Se2 polycrystalline thin films for photovoltaic conversion. Their conductivity was studied in the range 20–300 K. The grain boundary scattering mechanism is mainly responsible for the diffusion process in the latter materials. In the low temperature region, we interpret the data in terms of Mott law and the analysis is very consistent with the variable range hopping. However, thermoionic emission is predominant at high temperatures. When the conductivity deviates from the classical grain boundary conduction models, inhomogeneity is then considered and parameters such as the standard deviation and the mean potential barrier height are derived. Transmittance measurements yielded band gap values of 1.07 and 1.64 eV for CuInSe2 and CuGaSe2, respectively. 相似文献
66.
67.
A new method is presented for preparing highly monodispersed silica particles using a two-stage semibatch/batch hydrolysis reaction of Si(OC2 H5 )4 . The slower rate of hydrolysis of the tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) that occurred during the semibatch process resulted in larger silica particles with a higher yield and narrower size distribution. This was in direct contrast to the batch process. In addition, the ability of four different mixed processes to produce silica particles with good packing density, narrower particle-size distribution, and higher yield were evaluated. These were batch/batch (B-B), batch/semibatch (B-S), semibatch/batch (S-B), and semibatch/semibatch (S-S) processes. The S-S system produced the largest particles with the highest yields. The size of the silica particles obtained by the S-B method decreased with increasing reaction time, while the particles obtained by the B-S process had the best particle-size distribution and packing density. In conclusion, a mixed batch/semibatch system was the best way to produce an extremely narrow particle-size distribution and a good packing density. 相似文献
68.
蒲荣松 《中国水能及电气化》2017,(1)
坝基坝体渗水对大坝安全运行有不利影响。本文采用现场检查、水样试验、析出物试验、资料分析等手段,对碾压混凝土坝运行期渗水及其析出物对大坝的影响进行了较全面的分析,并提出了运行期需关注的问题。 相似文献
69.
Ping-Hua Xiang Xian-Lin Dong Chu-De Feng Yong-Ling Wang 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2003,86(9):1631-1634
NiO nanoparticle-coated lead zirconate titanate (PZT) powders are successfully fabricated by the heterogeneous precipitation method using PZT, Ni(NO3 )2 ·6H2 O, and NH4 HCO3 as the starting materials. The amorphous NiCO3 ·2Ni(OH)2 ·2H2 O are uniformly coated on the surface of PZT particles. XRD analysis and the selected-area diffraction (SAD) pattern indicate that the amorphous coating layer is crystallized to NiO after being calcined at 400°C for 2 h. TEM images show that the NiO particles of ∼8 nm are spherical and weakly agglomerated. The thickness of the nanocrystalline NiO coating layer on the surface of PZT particle is ∼30 nm. 相似文献
70.
Vapor-Phase Alkylation of Toluene with Isopropanol over Mg/Al, Ni/Al and Cu/Al Hydrotalcites (Layered Double Hydroxide) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Vapor-phase isopropylation of toluene has been carried out over Mg/Al, Ni/Al and Cu/Al calcined hydrotalcites (CHTs). Reaction conditions were optimized for alkylation by varying temperature, weight hourly space velocity and reactant mole ratio. Side-chain alkylation is found to be more predominant than ring alkylation over Mg/Al CHT, while Ni/Al and Cu/Al CHTs favored ring alkylation. The main products were isobutylbenzene and cymene. The combined participation of acidic and basic sites of the materials is found to be crucial for both side-chain and ring alkylation of toluene with isopropanol. An X-ray diffraction pattern of the resulting oxide indicates a diffuse MgO structure. The incorporation of small amounts of Al3+ to MgO generates new surface Lewis acid--base pair sites. 相似文献