嵌入式USB设备驱动器设计

介绍了符合USB规范1.1版的嵌入式USB设备驱动器的设计。该设计使用消息队列、信令和定时器中断，可以在几种不同的实时操作系列中实现。文中所用到的主要概念对于利用单任务架构实现的USB外设是通用的。     

应用FPGA动态配置技术实现uClinux动态外设

本文提出了在uClinux嵌入式操作系统中应用MCU实现对FPGA的一种配置方案。该方案实现了FPGA配置数据的加密、压缩,减少了配置文件对嵌入式存储资源的占用,并且实现了FPGA资源的在系统动态配置,本文还介绍了动态配置技术在多编码支持VOIP终端上的应用实例。     

基于Wirdows NT平台的USB设备驱动程序开发

介绍了National Semiconductor公司的USBN9603／USBN9604模块在Microsoft Windows NT平台上PC端USB设备驱动程序的开发过程以及该驱动程序的结构，并就与此相关的USB和WDM作了简单说明。     

PCCAN适配卡硬件中断与虚拟设备驱动程序的设计

本文主要介绍了硬件中断和如何在DOS和Windows环境下调试中断服务程序,以及在PCCAN适配卡设计中的虚拟设备驱动程序的编写。     

高速实时图像采集系统中的WDM设备驱动程序开发

在Windows平台中,WDM(WindowsDriverModel)制式的设备驱动程序在自行开发的板卡中起着重要的作用,得到越来越广泛的应用。该文简要介绍了设备驱动程序,并对WDM制式的设备驱动程序的驱动程序例程作了详细介绍。针对高速实时图像采集系统对设备驱动程序提出的高实时性要求,开发出了基于微软DDK的可用于Windows2000和WindowsXP的WDM制式的设备驱动程序,并介绍了其中的关键技术。     

Validation of the Driver Behaviour Questionnaire in a representative sample of drivers in Australia

The Driver Behaviour Questionnaire (DBQ) is a widely used measure of driving behaviours that may increase a driver's risk of crash involvement. However, there are several different versions of the DBQ varying in terms of number of items and factor structure. The aim of the current research was to assess the construct validity of the popular 28-item four-factor DBQ solution in a representative sample of drivers in Australia. A further aim was to test the factorial invariance of the measure across gender, age and also between fleet and non-fleet drivers using multigroup confirmatory factor analyses. Data on a range of attitudes towards road safety were collected using an online survey. A stratified sampling procedure was undertaken to ensure the age, gender and location distributions of participants were representative of the Australian population. A total of 2771 responses were obtained from fully licensed motor vehicle drivers (male: 46%). Confirmatory factor analysis supported the 28-item four-factor DBQ in the Australian sample. The DBQ was also found to be gender-invariant and strong partial measurement invariance was found for drivers aged from 26 to 64, but not for younger (17–25) or older (65–75) drivers. Modifications to the DBQ suggest how the DBQ can be improved for use in these two age groups.     

Dude,where’s my avacar? A mixed-method examination of communication in the driving context

Drivers who feel social closeness with other drivers tend to drive more safely, according to previous research. Given this, we examine how communication in the driving context influences social closeness, drawing from theories of computer-mediated communication, a context with notable similarities to the road. A survey study found that social closeness with others is associated with greater communication comfort and identity expression through the car, but less treatment of the car as a social entity. An interview study provides context and caveats for these generalizations. Together, these studies present implications for near-future social-mobility services relating to safety on the road.     

Dutch Musculoskeletal Questionnaire: description and basic qualities

A questionnaire (‘Dutch Musculoskeletal Questionnaire’, DMQ) for the analysis of musculoskeletal workload and associated potential hazardous working conditions as well as musculoskeletal symptoms in worker populations is described and its qualities are explored using a database of 1575 workers in various occupations who completed the questionnaire. The 63 questions on musculoskeletal workload and associated potentially hazardous working conditions can be categorized into seven indices (force, dynamic and static load, repetitive load, climatic factors, vibration and ergonomic environmental factors). Together with four separate questions on standing, sitting, walking and uncomfortable postures, the indices constitute a brief overview of the main findings on musculoskeletal workload and associated potentially hazardous working conditions. Homogeneity of the indices is satisfactory. The divergent validity of the indices is fair when compared with an index of psychosocial working conditions and discomfort during exposure to physical loads. Worker groups with contrasting musculoskeletal loads can be differentiated on the basis of the indices and other factors. With respect to the concurrent validity, it appears that most indices and factors show significant associations with low back and/or neck shoulder symptoms. This questionnaire can be used as a simple and quick inventory for occupational health services to identify worker groups in which a more thorough ergonomic analysis is indicated.     

Validation of selected temperament and personality questionnaires for diagnosing drivers’ aptitude for safe driving. A Polish study

This paper presents the results of a study aimed at validating psychological questionnaires evaluating temperamental and personality features. It discusses their usefulness in diagnosing drivers’ aptitude for safe driving and working as professional drivers. Three psychological questionnaires were validated: the Formal Characteristics of Behaviour – Temperament Inventory (FCB-TI), the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire – Revised and Short Scale (EPQ-R (S)) and the Impulsiveness Questionnaire (IVE). Three groups of drivers (n = 246) aged 19–75 participated in the study. Group I (professional drivers; n = 96) and Group II (nonprofessional drivers; n = 75) had never been involved in road crashes, whereas Group III (nonprofessional drivers; n = 75) were offenders involved in fatal injury road crashes. Criterion-related validity, Cronbach's alpha and Guttman split-half reliability coefficient were in assessing the psychometric properties of the questionnaires. There were some significant differences between Groups II and III for most traits. However, contrary to expectations, higher Emotional Reactivity, Perseveration and lower Endurance as well as higher Neuroticism, Impulsiveness and Venturesomeness were determined for Group II than for Group III. Additionally, the temperament and personality profile of Group II turned out to be less fitted to the profile of safe drivers than that of Group III, whose profile was actually similar to that of Group I. This seems to result from a high tendency for a positive self-presentation among Group I and Group III (a significantly higher result on the Lie scale in comparison with Group II). The results suggest that if psychological tests are to decide on whether a person may be a professional driver or may drive vehicles, the three questionnaires (FCB-TI, EPQ-R(S) and IVE) do not provide a valid diagnosis of professional drivers’ aptitude because of drivers’ high tendency for positive self-presentation. However, they can be used in job counselling and in screening high-risk drivers.     

Background music as a risk factor for distraction among young-novice drivers

There are countless beliefs about the power of music during driving. The last thing one would think about is: how safe is it to listen or sing to music? Unfortunately, collisions linked to music devices have been known for some time; adjusting the radio controls, swapping tape-cassettes and compact-discs, or searching through MP3 files, are all forms of distraction that can result in a near-crash or crash. While the decrement of vehicular performance can also occur from capacity interference to central attention, whether or not music listening is a contributing factor to distraction is relatively unknown. The current study explored the effects of driver-preferred music on driver behavior. 85 young-novice drivers completed six trips in an instrumented Learners Vehicle. The study found that all participants committed at-least 3 driver deficiencies; 27 needed a verbal warning/command and 17 required a steering or braking intervention to prevent an accident. While there were elevated positive moods and enjoyment for trips with driver-preferred music, this background also produced the most frequent severe driver miscalculations and inaccuracies, violations, and aggressive driving. However, trips with music structurally designed to generate moderate levels of perceptual complexity, improved driver behavior and increased driver safety. The study is the first within-subjects on-road high-dose double-exposure clinical-trial investigation of musical stimuli on driver behavior.