The peeling of flexible probabilistic fasteners

Probabilistic fasteners are attachment devices consisting of two elements each of which is covered by an array of outgrowths or protuberances which interact or interlock with those on the opposing surface to form a bond which can be made and detached many times. A number of peel tests are described in which the behaviour of such bonds, specifically those formed by Velcro® hooks and loops and Dual Lock®, has been explored. The value of the specific energy of detachment of such mechanically latched systems can be related to the geometry and material properties of the individual fixing elements. Similar arguments can be applied, both qualitatively and quantitatively, to some natural systems such as the spines on some cacti.     

双能X射线骨密度仪测定技术研究

以Ｌｕｎａｒ公司ＤＰＸ－Ｌ型双能Ｘ射线骨密度仪为例，研究引起测量误差的主要因素并提出质控措施。用自检模块、腰椎体膜评定仪器的体外测量精度好于１％。对１０位志愿者重复２次测量，体内精度对腰椎，ＭＰＤ（平均百分差）为０．４６，ＣＶ（变异系数）为０．７５；对股骨颈，ＭＰＤ为１．２６、ＣＶ为０．４７；Ｗａｒｄ’ｓ三角区ＭＰＤ为２．０１、ＣＶ为１．１４；大转子ＭＰＤ为１．６６、ＣＶ为０．７２。扫描图像由２位     

用于多峰函数优化的小生境差分演化算法

针对监控视频图像的特点,提出了一种有效的实时视频降噪算法。首先结合多帧图像采用基于Non—localmeans的运动检测方法自适应地区分图像的运动区域和静止区域,对静止区域采用时域加权均值滤波,对运动区域采用空域ANL滤波。充分利用了视频的时域、空域信息,在去除视频序列噪声的同时很好地保护了图像的细节。实验结果表明,提出的算法在不造成运动拖影的前提下,能够显著提高视频的信噪比和图像的主观质量。     

Quadratic polynomial guided fuzzy C-means and dual attention mechanism for medical image segmentation

Medical image segmentation is the most complex and important task in the field of medical image processing and analysis, as it is linked to disease diagnosis accuracy. However, due to the medical image's high complexity and noise, segmentation performance is limited. We propose a novel quadratic polynomial guided fuzzy C-means and dual attention mechanism composite network model architecture to address the aforementioned issues (QPFC-DA). It has mechanisms for channel and spatial edge attention, which guide the content and edge segmentation branches, respectively. The bi-directional long short-term memory network was added after the two content segmentation branches to better integrate multi-scale features and prevent the loss of important features. Furthermore, the fuzzy C-means algorithm guided by the quadratic polynomial can better distinguish the image's weak edge regions and has a degree of noise resistance, resulting in a membership matrix with less ambiguity and a more reliable segmentation result. We also conducted comparison and ablation experiments on three medical data sets. The experimental results show that this method is superior to several other well-known methods.     

双模态燃烧室激波链/附面层相互干扰研究

研究优化燃烧室控制问题,燃烧引起的压力升高扰动对于双模态燃烧室流场内激波链/附面层相互干扰强度影响,同时由于喷油调节对燃烧效率也影响较大。为解决上述问题,采用变换燃烧室出口反压。计算出燃烧室内燃烧引起压力升高的实际情况,对不同出口反压条件下的双模态燃烧室冷流流场进行了数值仿真,并与试验结果进行对比,两者相互吻合。结果表明,燃烧室内激波链结构强度及位置对于出口反压的变化非常敏感,在实际燃烧室工作中可通过选择合适的供油规律来获得燃烧引起压力扰动对激波链结构强度及位置的气动控制,可实现双模态燃烧室的模态转换,使得燃烧室工作在最优模态。     

Experimental research on steady-state operation characteristics of gas–solid flow in a 15.5 m dual circulating fluidized bed system

Gas-solid hydrodynamic steady-state operation is the operating basis in a chemical looping dual-reactor system. This study reported the experimental results on the steady-state operation characteristics of gas–solid flow in a 15.5 m high dual circulating fluidized bed(CFB) cold test system. The effects of superficial gas velocity, static bed material height and solid returning modes on the steady-state operation characteristics between the two CFBs were investigated. Results suggest that the solid distributions in the dual CFB test system was mainly determined by the superficial gas velocity and larger solid inventory may help to improve the solid distributions. Besides, cross-returning mode coupled with self-returning is good for steady-state running in the dual-reactor test system.     

小截面送料双频电磁成形的试验研究

研究了金属熔体的小截面送料双频电磁成形过程。结果表明：屏蔽罩能够调节成形感应圈内的磁场分布，使成形感应圈内的熔体处于合理状态；两感应圈间必须保持一定距离，使预热感应圈的磁场不影响成形感应圈的磁场分布，利于成形稳定；在其他条件一定的情况下，有一适合的抽拉速度和电源功率匹配；并获得了表面质量良好的耐热不锈钢样件。     

Conceptual design of a novel hybrid fuel cell/desalination system

A novel concept for integrating fuel cells with desalination systems is proposed and investigated in this work. Two unique case studies are discussed — the first involving a hybrid system with a reverse osmosis (RO) unit and the second — integrating with a thermal desalination process such as multi-stage flash (MSF). The underlying motivation for this system integration is that the exhaust gas from a hybrid power plant (fuel cell/turbine system) contains considerable amount of thermal energy, which may be utilized for desalination units. This exhaust heat can be suitably used for preheating the feed in desalination processes such as reverse osmosis which not only increases the potable water production, but also decreases the relative energy consumption by approximately 8% when there is an increase of just 8°C rise in temperature. Additionally, an attractive hybrid system application which combines power generation at 70%+ system efficiency with efficient waste heat utilization is thermal desalination. In this work, it is shown that the system efficiency can be raised appreciably when a high-temperature fuel cell co-generates DC power in-situ with waste heat suitable for MSF. Results indicate that such hybrid system could show a 5.6% increase in global efficiency. Such combined hybrid systems have overall system efficiencies (second-law base) exceeding those of either fuel-cell power plants or traditional desalination plants.     

降膜波动特性的研究

本文提出了一种测定膜厚的新方法－双电导探针法，测定了高湍流降膜的厚度沿降膜管管程的变化情况，探讨了径向平均膜厚及膜厚的概率密度分布沿管程的变化规律，证明降膜的波动特性同时受到液相雷诺数和管程的影响。并对平均膜厚和液相雷诺数作了经验关联，得出NT＝（δ^ )^2/3 [8.92(ReL/4)^5/2 6.0×10^-6(ReL/4)^9/2]^2/15。     

一种32位浮点型处理器的励磁控制器设计

针对同步发电机励磁控制系统在控制精度和控制稳定性方面存在的不足,通过对国内外励磁控制系统发展状况的分析,提出了一种基于32位浮点型处理器的数字式励磁控制系统.该系统通过将先进的交流采样算法和DSP的优异性能相结合,实现了励磁控制器的深度数字化;通过对同步发电机系统关键模拟量的采集与计算,得出适用于当前工况下触发脉冲角度α.试验验证了该设计能很好地解决发电机励磁控制系统中的稳定性问题.