自由之鸟与牢笼:二战后十年间荷兰建筑期刊考

本文追溯了二战后十年间《建造周刊》《论坛》《天主教建筑期刊》等重要期刊的创立(重建)与发展的历史,管窥战后荷兰专业建筑期刊业的全貌。文章讨论了展现在战后荷兰建筑期刊中的多元思想——米拉斯所代表的中间路线,J·B·巴克马、J·H·凡·登·布鲁克、A·E·凡·艾克代表的新一代先锋思潮,J·朗普雷·莫里哀领导下的战后传统主义,巴克马对"自由"的解读等。本文是一篇呈现荷兰战后建筑界思想发展驱动力与思想交锋的文章。     

加工时间可控的多主体调度问题

为了解决加工时间可控条件下的并行机调度问题,设计了一种基于重复叫价组合拍卖的多主体调度机制.该机制将组合拍卖的一般形式与机器调度的建模技术相结合,将可控加工时间引入竞胜标模型,使生产资源得到更加有效的配置;在价格更新方法上,设计了一种基于次梯度的自适应价格更新机制,提高了拍卖的收敛速度.对该机制进行了仿真实验.结果表明,与传统的“刚性”加工时间的调度模型相比,该机制在提高资源拥有者收益的同时,使生产资源得到了更加充分的利用.     

Spaces of Freedom

The predicaments of the current global climate bring a new poignancy and focus to architecture. Emiliano Gandolfi , the curator of the much lauded ‘Experimental Architecture’ exhibition in the Padiglione Italia at the 2008 Venice Biennale, outlines how an emerging group of designers are redefining architecture as they seek to provide solutions that identify people's needs and address the exigencies of global warning, the environmental crisis and migration. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Multi-Agent Radio Resource Allocation

This paper presents a spatially distributed and dynamic billing, pricing and allocation mechanism for which a user terminal requires Cognitive Radio abilities. That is, the Cognitive Radio abilities will be applied to the economical environment. The radio resource goods are allocated to the users by a multi-unit sealed-bid auction. Intelligent entities like the bidding strategy have to represent operator’s and users’ behavior and to make decisions for them in order to fulfill the preferences and QoS. The main functionalities, used to execute the dynamic auction sequence and located in the MAC are described, assuming the entities possess Cognitive Radio abilities.

基于物权理论的农村水利资产所有权拍卖的分析

以当前我国农村小型水利工程管理体制改革中采用的“拍卖”这一改制形式为研究对象,针对不同地区不同工程类型在具体实践与实施过程中存在的差异,从理论上对这一改制形式的内涵与性质进行分析,从而澄清一些概念,对农村水利改革提出建议.     

集合竞价成交价算法研究

根据国际证券市场广泛采用的集合竞价成交价决定原则,设计集合竞价成交价算法;从算法本身出发,分析集合竞价机制优良性质的根源,并从数值仿真角度给予验证。理论分析与仿真结果表明：依次执行最大成交量原则、最小剩余原则、市场压力原则、参考价格原则,输出的备选成交价集合在逐渐缩小,算法具有良好的收敛性;参考价格原则保障了最终成交价的唯一性;最小剩余原则和市场压力原则有助于降低价格波动性;市场压力原则和参考价格原则有助于提高价格发现的质量。研究建议应尽快将市场压力原则和参考价格原则引入我国证券市场集合竞价制度建设,将更有利于降低整个股票市场的系统性风险,增强股票价格的连续性。     

Associations between the general condition of culled dairy cows and selling price at Ontario auction markets

Dairy cows are culled from the herd for a variety of reasons, the most common being fertility problems, low milk production, or udder problems. Disease and injury can contribute to the decision to cull either directly, or indirectly, by causing fertility or production problems, leading to culling. Disease or injury may also affect the cow's ability to handle the stress of transportation and may increase the risk for reduced welfare. The purpose of this study was to determine the general condition of culled dairy cows sold at Ontario auction markets, to quantify the frequency of culled cows in poor condition sold at these auctions, and to determine how this relates to the sale price of the cow. Data were collected on 4,460 culled dairy cows, sold at 3 Ontario auction markets, over a continuous 16-wk study period. Observers assessed the general condition of dairy cows entering the sales ring by recording each individual cow's hock injury score, body condition score (BCS), gait score, and tail score, in accordance with 2017 Canadian proAction Animal Care guidelines. Each cow's body weight, breed, and sale price were also recorded. Results showed that 27.2% of culled cows scored had unacceptable hock injuries, 40.5% had a BCS ≤2, 72.7% had an abnormal gait, and 12.5% had docked tails. Culled cows with a BCS ≤2 sold for $0.20 less/kg compared with those with a BCS >2, which equated to an overall average loss of $117 per cow. Cows with an abnormal gait sold for $0.05 less/kg compared with culled cows with a normal gait, which equated to an overall average loss of $32.45 per cow. There was no difference in the sale price depending on hock injury score or the presence or absence of a full tail. The main issues identified in this study were the high prevalence of low body condition and abnormal gait, indicating that the welfare of these cows may be at risk. Additionally, cows with low BCS or abnormal gait sold for a lower price compared with cows that were in good condition, leading to reduced potential profit for the producer.     

基于博弈均衡购电电价的分时电价

电力市场改革促进发电商竞价与购电商间竞价。根据博弈理论,将购电商与发电商看作一个两人静态博弈模型,根据双方叫价拍卖模型,计算贝叶斯均衡点,确定购电电价,寻求不同出价下的均衡电价在分时电价中的应用,根据反应后的削峰填谷效果进行出价选择和协商,达到双方共赢的目的。     

一数一世界——荷兰建筑师KasOosterhuis数字设计思想浅析

数字化建筑设计的涌现并非一场简单的技术革命,其背后是对自然更深切细腻的观察与反馈。数字所表达的涵义也远不仅是建筑空间与构建的几何尺寸,更浓缩与承载了众多先前无法界定描述的信息。这些技术与思想共同将建筑学推向了一个全新的高度,提供给人们更宽阔的视野。荷兰著名建筑ONKasOosterhuis在数字化建筑设计与理论的道路上提供给我们很多有益的启示。他先后提出了“程式化建筑”、“感性建筑”、“非标准建筑”、“群集建筑”、“缝筑生命体”、“超体空间”等诸多革新观念。本文通过笔者对KasOosterhuis的访谈与研究,许以“群集建筑”为例展开,可以概要性地勾勒出这位数字建筑设计领军人物的设计哲学,以期为当下数字化建筑设计的理论与方法研究起到积极的促进作用。