让建筑回归社会——荷兰女建筑师玛丽丝·罗默尔作品及访谈

玛丽丝·罗默尔是当代荷兰知名女建筑师,其设计作品与理念有着鲜明的特色,善于从社会、环境出发探讨建筑之于城市的意义。同时她将女性建筑师的细腻敏锐以及富有艺术气质的特点注入作品之中。本文通过对玛丽丝·罗默尔的访谈及其代表作品和设计理念的简介诠释,并引发对荷兰建筑师群体特征的评价。     

土地使用权和经济适用房建设捆绑拍卖的机制设计

目前经济适用房供给问题比较突出,是由于地方政府和开发商出于自身利益的考虑均缺乏积极性。在经济适用房的供给问题上,政府显然起着主导作用,但同时也要充分调动社会的力量,才能尽快有效地解决这个问题。提供了一种供给方式,通过将土地拍卖和经济适用房建设捆绑的机制设计,引导市场力量承担经济适用房建设的任务,兼顾土地收益和经济适用房的供给。通过模型可以看出,政府在促进经济适用房建设和引导开发商参与的问题上要有决心和强硬态度;同时也要充分考虑开发商的利益,吸引开发商参与投标建设。政府还应采取有效措施保证和提高拍卖实现的概率。     

双边电力市场的最后要价仲裁模型

针对双边电力市场环境下买卖双方逐利的目的,很难就固定的合同价格达成一致,利用在国际贸易领域已较成熟应用的仲裁模型,建立了双边电力市场中买卖双方报价的最后要价仲裁模型。应用此最后要价仲裁模型市场交易员能较好地控制电价,同时还可解决暗标拍卖所造成的价格波动,有效地抑制买卖双方因乱用市场力造成的电价飞涨,形成稳定的电力市场环境。     

Secondary Traumatization in Partners and Parents of Dutch Peacekeeping Soldiers.

This study examines secondary traumatization among 708 partners and 332 parents of Dutch peacekeepers (i.e., personnel who participated in military actions implemented by international organizations such as the United Nations). Partners or parents of peacekeepers with 4 levels of posttraumatic stress symptoms were compared on posttraumatic stress, health problems, the quality of the marital relationship, and social support. In comparison with partners of peacekeepers without posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, partners of peacekeepers with PTSD symptoms reported more sleeping and somatic problems, reported more negative social support, and judged the marital relationship as less favorable. No significant differences were found for parents. Thus, peacekeepers' stress reactions were related to various problems of their partners. A systemic approach to the treatment of persons with PTSD appears appropriate. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

统一价格和PAB竞价的实验分析

采用实验经济学的方法和多个商品同时拍卖的模型，研究了电力市场不同需求响应条件下统一价格竞价和PAB（pay-as-bid）竞价的市场行为和发电商报价策略问题。实验结果表明，2种竞价机制下市场均能收敛到完全竞争均衡附近，但PAB竞价的市场平均价格高于统一价格竞价的市场平均价格且价格较稳定，因此购电费用较高;市场需求弹性较小时2种竞价机制的市场价格均有显著提高，但在发电容量充足时仍可保持充分的竞争性;在不同的竞价机制下，发电商将采取不同的报价策略，统一价格竞价中发电商之间的竞争更为明显。     

Housing allocation and ethnic minority groups: The effects of different housing allocation models on Moroccan households in two Dutch cities

In the Netherlands, housing allocationsystems have a long history. Radical changeswhich have transformed households looking for ahome into active rather than passive consumershave occurred since the beginning of the 1990s.In the more traditional distribution models ofhousing allocation, households registered andthen had to wait for months, or even years,before the municipality or the housingassociation offered them a dwelling; in themore modern supply models, households areexpected to be active in seeking a new home. Todate, the possible differential effects of thetwo housing allocation models for minorityethnic groups have not been assessed. With thehelp of an empirical research study ofMoroccans in two Dutch middle-sized cities withdifferent allocation models, this paper seeksto fill this gap.     

Aggregation attractant of the European elm bark beetle,Scolytus multistriatus

The three components of theScolytus Multistriatus aggregation attractant-4-methyl-3-heptanol (1), -multistriatin (2), and -cubebene (3)-were collected from beetles and elm wood by aeration, solvent extraction of host tissue, or solvent extraction of beetles and beetle parts. Bioassays and analysis of extracts demonstrated that (a) compounds 1 and 2 are produced by virgin females and 3 is host-produced, (b) cessation of the production of 1 is coincident with diminished attractiveness of females after they have been joined by males, (c) the release of 3 from elm wood is augmented by attacking beetles, and (d) the level of 3 is related to the condition of the wood, and fungal growth (particularlyceratocystis ulmi) may lead to increased levels of 3. Compound 1 was concentrated in the upper abdominal area and 2 in the abdomen tips, but neither component was in the hindgut. A gland opening through the vaginal palpi (a pair of sclerotized conical structures) was circumstantially associated with the release of 2. Compounds 1, 2, and 3 are regulatory agents that contribute to the initiation and maintenance of the beetle-elm-microorganism biosystem.Coleoptera:Scolytidae.     

Used car salesman problem: A differential auction–barter market

We define a problem called “used car salesman problem” in which sale, purchase and barter bids can be simultaneously put forward for trading cars. A sale or a purchase bid is expressed in terms of a single car and a sale or purchase price that is required for the car. A barter bid, on the other hand, can be augmented by a differential money amount that is offered or required in addition to the cars that are to be traded. Restrictions are also allowed to be placed on sale and purchase bids. A minimum cost circulation network flow algorithm is presented which produces a solution that maximizes the profit made by the used car salesman.AMS subject classification 91B26, 90B10, 05C38     

Pricing in combinatorial double auction-based grid allocation model

This article proposes a novel grid resource allocation model, in which the users and the grid service providers participate in the combinatorial double auction for the resource allocation. To obtain the detailed resource allocation status and the price information, a novel pricing algorithm is designed for the allocation model. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm completes the resource allocation and pricing efficiently, and exhibits incentive compatible characteristic. Moreover,users with the higher average price and providers with the lower average price get compensation during the pricing process.     

土地出让招拍挂制度绩效及其实证分析

运用拍卖理论简要回顾了土地招拍挂制度影响市场绩效的经济学原理,对全国(2003～2006年)和北京(2005～2007年)城市土地有偿出让市场进行了分类统计,并以此数据为基础对招标、拍卖、挂牌三种不同出让方式的市场绩效进行了对比分析,得出了我国土地出让市场中存在理论与实践并不一致的结论,并指出造成该问题的原因是政府对招拍挂制度的干预,最后提出了提高我国招拍挂制度市场绩效的建议。