铅玻璃充填碧玺初探

利用常规宝石学测试、X射线荧光光谱仪(XRF)、激光诱导离解光谱仪(LIBS)、电子探针(EPMA)对近来在珠宝市场上的铅玻璃充填碧玺样品进行测试与分析,旨在探讨其鉴定特征。结果表明,该铅玻璃充填样品的充填特征不明显,与传统的有机物充填处理方法不同;X射线荧光光谱和激光诱导离解光谱的测试结果显示,该铅玻璃充填碧玺样品具有明显的Pb峰。铅玻璃充填碧玺样品中充填物的电子探针二次电子像及背散射电子像特征,可作为碧玺样品是否经过了铅玻璃充填的诊断性依据,其充填物的化学成分主要为Si和Pb,呈不规则斑块状分布于裂隙中。     

冷轧酸洗表面黑色条纹成因分析

冷轧投产以来,酸洗带钢表面长期存在着黑色条纹,影响了酸洗的表面质量。通过电镜扫描、电子探针及静态酸洗等方法对样品黑色条纹区域进行一系列的实验,分析出该区域的主要构成元素,并找到其产生的根源,最后采取有效的措施得以消除黑色条纹。     

Influence of alloy chemistry on microstructure and properties in NiCrBSi overlay coatings deposited by plasma transferred arc welding (PTAW)

The microstructures and performance of two NiCrBSi alloy overlays deposited by plasma transferred arc welding are studied. The coatings consist of a γ-Ni primary dendritic phase with harder Ni + Ni₃B or Ni + Ni₃Si eutectics and Cr-based particles (CrB, Cr₃C₂, and Cr₇C₃) situated at the interdendritic regions. It was found that the volume fraction of the soft primary dendritic phase drastically decreased and the proportion of chromium borides and carbides increased with an increase of C, B, Si, and Cr content. Microhardness testing revealed that the primary Ni dendrite, interdendritic, and Cr-particle phases had average hardness values of 405, 860, and 1200 HV respectively. An increase in the volume fraction of hard eutectics and Cr-particles lead to a substantial increase in hardness and wear resistance.     

云南个旧西凹铜多金属矿床成矿元素赋存特征

利用显微镜、电子探针和扫描电镜对云南个旧西凹铜多金属矿床围岩、蚀变花岗岩、矿石样品进行观察和微观分析,查明了矿床主要成矿元素铜、锡和钨等的赋存特征。研究结果表明,铜主要以黄铜矿、硫砷铜矿形式存在;锡主要以锡石、黄锡矿形式存在;钨主要以白钨矿形式存在。除可工业利用铜、锡和钨元素外,还可综合利用钼和铋元素。成     

Pitting corrosion of Type 430 stainless steel under chloride solution droplet

To clarify the critical relative humidity (RH) to initiate pitting corrosion and the rusting mechanism in a marine atmospheric environment, pitting corrosion of Type 430 stainless steels under drops of MgCl₂ solutions were investigated. A pitting corrosion test was performed at different relative humidities under droplets with various diameters and thicknesses. The probability of pitting decreased as the diameter and thickness decreased. Pitting progressed only when the chloride concentration exceeded 4 M, which is the equilibrium concentration at 80% RH. Accordingly, pitting of Type 430 could be initiated when the RH was less than 80%. Additionally, a pitting corrosion mechanism of Type 430 stainless steel under droplets containing chloride ions is proposed.     

黄沙坪铅锌多金属矿床中含锡石榴石的研究

黄沙坪铅锌多金属矿床位于南岭多金属成矿带中部.本文利用电子探针对矽卡岩中的含锡石榴石进行了系统的研究.研究结果表明,石榴石属于钙铁榴石—钙铝榴石系列.早期生成富钙铝榴石组分的石榴石,晚期生成富含钙铁榴石组分的石榴石,并且多具有震荡环带.而且,钙铁榴石—钙铝榴石中普遍含有锡,但锡在两种系列的石榴石中的含量有差异;SnO2含量随钙铁榴石组分的增加而增加.石榴石中SnO2与FeOx的含量呈正比,与Al2 O3含量成反比.Sn4+替代Fe3+.并可观察到锡石以独立矿物的形式析出在石榴石的裂隙中.     

Modification of NiCoCrAlY with Pt: Part I. Effect of Pt depositing location and cyclic oxidation performance

Pt layers of 5?μm in thickness were electroplated before or after depositing NiCoCrAlY coating by arc ion plating (AIP) aiming for identifying the effect of Pt enriching position on microstructure and cyclic oxidation behavior of Pt modified NiCoCrAlY coatings. Al-rich zones formed at the same position of Pt-rich zones for both modified coatings due to uphill diffusion of Al driven by Pt. Cyclic oxidation tests at 1000 and 1100?°C indicated that oxidation resistance of NiCoCrAlY was improved by Pt modification via different mechanisms: at surface, Pt-rich zone promoted selective oxidation of Al to form α-Al₂O₃, whilst at coating/substrate interface Pt-rich zone acted as effective diffusion barrier for titanium. Roles of Pt played in enhancing the oxidation performance of various Pt-modified NiCoCrAlY coating were investigated.     

Investigation of the Corrosion Behaviors of HVOF-Sprayed Carbide Cernet Coatings in Molten Al-Zn-Si Alloy Bath

In continuous hot-dip galvanization process the corrosion and chemical stability of the sink roll in the galvanizing bath are important problem which effects on the quality and productivity. In order to protect the sink roll the carbide cermet and/or ceramic coatings were deposited on the surface of the sink roll. The WC-, Cr3 C2-cermet coatings were deposited by high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spray, respectively. The coating samples were immersed in molten Zn-alloy containing 50 wt % aluminum at 833 K for 24 hr and 144 hr, respectively. The inter-diffusion and inter-reaction of Zn, Al and elements in coating and corrosion behaviors of these coatings were investigated by XRD, SEM and EPMA etc. The corrosion mechanisms of the carbide cermet coatings and ceramic coatings in molten High Al-Zn-alloy were approached.     

滴状冷凝初始液滴的形成机理

滴状冷凝初始液滴形成机理一直是悬而未决的问题。鉴于镁能与热水（冷凝液）反应,反应后镁表面的化学成分将发生变化,采用金属镁作为冷凝表面,在实验中通过控制过冷度和冷凝时间而实现蒸汽在镁表面的初始冷凝。然后应用电子探针（EPMA）技术分析冷凝前后试件表面化学成分的变化,用于推断蒸汽的初始冷凝状态。实验结果表明,镁表面氧元素的含量随着过冷度和冷凝时间增加而明显增加,并且氧元素在镁表面的分布是不均匀的。这些结果说明在固体表面上发生初始冷凝时凝液是成核状态的,而不是成膜状态。因此,滴状冷凝初始液滴形成机理符合成核中心假说。     

内蒙古黄岗梁铁多金属矿床磁铁矿地球化学特征及其地质意义

黄岗梁大型—超大型铁多金属矿床位于大兴安岭主脊南端,其成因存在很大争议。矿区内主要有五个采区,其中Ⅰ-V-Ⅲ采区沿北东方向展布,各区矿物组合特征差异显著。本文通过系统的地质调查和岩相学观察,将该矿床内磁铁矿按采区分为3种类型,并按矿物组合和磁铁矿结构特征分成8种亚类。采用电子探针(EMPA)和激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子质谱(LA-ICP-MS)原位微区分析技术,对三个采区各类型磁铁矿的结构和主微量元素特征进行对比研究,探讨磁铁矿的形成环境和矿床成因。结果表明Ⅰ、V和Ⅲ各采区磁铁矿的氧逸度和温度均逐渐降低,Ⅲ区含硫化物磁铁矿显示最低的形成温度,V区与Ⅰ区具有相似的成矿温度和氧逸度。磁铁矿的TiO₂-Al₂O₃-(MgO+MnO)、(Ca+Al+Mn)-(Ti+V)和Ni/(Al+Mn)-(Ti+V)图解表明三个采区磁铁矿均为矽卡岩型,Ti-Ni/Cr图解表明磁铁矿的热液型成因,结合矿床地质和岩相学特征认为黄岗梁锡铁多金属矿床为与岩浆热液活动相关的矽卡岩型矿床。