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101.
The molecular weight of polyacrylic acid (PAA) was determined by a viscometric method using NaNO3 as solvent at 30°C. The specific electric conductivities (σ) of PAA as well as PAA doped with carbon black (CB), chromium oxide (Cr2O3), and cupferron with different concentrations (from 0.25 to 1 wt %) were measured at a temperature range 360–400 K. IR spectra of some polymers were determined and it was shown that when PAA was doped with 0.5 wt % CB, a C? O? C band appeared at 775–875 cm?1. The positron annihilation lifetime (PAL) spectra in PAA doped with the above‐mentioned dopants were measured as a function of their concentrations. It was observed that the short lifetime intensity I1 decreased, whereas the intermediate lifetime intensity I2, which is related to the conductivity of the material, increased with increasing the wt % of Cr2O3 and cupferron as well as at low concentrations of CB. These results are discussed in terms of the conducting island model. It was found that there were distinct positive relationships between σ and I2. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 84: 877–883, 2002; DOI 10.1002/app.10381 相似文献
102.
Simultaneous polymerization and doping of pyrrole have been carried out in the presence of a halogenic electron acceptor, bromine (Br2) or iodine (I2), in aqueous dispersion or in a two-phase solvent system. The morphology of the polypyrrole (PPY) so produced is granular and porous. The electrical conductivity of the PPY-I2 charge transfer (CT) complex is of the order of 101 ohm−1 cm−1 while that of the PPY-Br2 complex is about one order of magnitude less. Both complexes are stable in the atmosphere. The physicochemical properties of the PPY-I2 and PPY-Br2 CT complexes prepared under various experimental conditions are examined in detail. 相似文献
103.
交联型聚醚聚氨酯的表征、力学性能及其碱金属盐络合物的导电性能 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)作交联剂与聚乙二醇(PEO-1540)和甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)反应,得到了具有较好力学性能的交联型聚醚聚氨酯(PEU),该聚合物与LiClO4的结合物具有较高的室温电导率(σ30℃=1.87×10 ̄(-4)S/cm)。采用全反射红外光谱(ATR-IR)对聚合物的结构进行了表征。对聚合物的组成、不同TDI类型及络合盐浓度对聚合物力学性能及其络合物电导率的影响进行了探讨。低度交联聚合物的络合物,其电导率与温度的关系符合建立在自由体积理论上的VTF方程,表明络合物中离子的传导主要是在无定形区域进行,与自由体积有关。 相似文献
104.
Because of its high–temperature chemical stability, SiC ceramic is a promising material for high-temperature device applications such as thermoelectric energy converters. However, the electrical conductivity of SiC ceramic is too low for it to be used as a thermoelectric energy converter at the cold junction. Therefore, we propose a SiC-Si functionally gradient material (FGM) in order to improve the electrical conductivity of the SiC ceramic at the cold junction. An SiC rod was fired in a temperature gradient furnace. One end of the SiC rod was maintained at 2473 K and the other end was maintained at 1973 K for 30 min. After firing, the porous SiC edge fired at 1973 K was dipped into molten Si in order to infiltrate molten Si into the porous SiC. The microstructure of the FGM is classified into three regions: the SiC-Si composite material; the porous SiC ceramic; and the densified SiC ceramic. The electrical conductivity, the Seebeck coefficient and the thermal conductivity for each region of SiC-Si FGM was measured at 300 K; a figure of merit was calculated. The figure of merit of the SiC-Si FGM at the cold junction, at room temperature, was 108 times higher than that of a nongradient SiC ceramic. 相似文献
105.
106.
107.
I. Hole T. Tybell J. K. Grepstad I. Wrnhus T. Grande K. Wiik 《Solid-state electronics》2003,47(12):2279
Heteroepitaxial LaFeO3(1 1 0) thin films with a thickness of 150 nm were grown on LaAlO3(0 0 1) by reactive sputtering in an inverted cylindrical magnetron geometry. Equilibrium conductivity was measured as a function of partial pressure of oxygen at T=1000 °C, and logσ plotted vs. logP(O2) showed a minimum in conductivity for P(O2)=10−11 atm and a linear response between 10−10 and 1 atm. This linear response makes thin films of LaFeO3 a promising material for oxygen sensor applications. We have also measured the time response of the film conductivity upon an abrupt change in the partial pressure of ambient oxygen from 10−2 to 10−3 atm, which was determined at 60 s for T=700 °C and <3.5 s at T=1000 °C. 相似文献
108.
109.
Structural and electrical properties of brush plated ZnTe films 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Zinc telluride thin films were deposited by the brush plating technique at a potential of −0.90 V (SCE) on conducting glass and titanium substrates at different temperatures in the range 30–90 °C. The films were polycrystalline in nature with peaks corresponding to the cubic phase. Direct band gap of 2.30 eV was observed. XPS studiers indicated the formation of ZnTe. Depth profiling studies indicated a uniform distribution of Zn and Te throughout the entire thickness. EDAX measurements were made on the films and it was found that there was a slight excess of Te. The carrier concentration was found to vary from 1014–1015 cm−3 with increase of substrate temperature. The mobility was found to vary from 5 to 60 cm2 V−1 s−1. 相似文献
110.
Conducting composites of polythiophene (PTP) and polyfuran (PF) with acetylene black (AB) were prepared via chemical oxidative polymerization of thiophene and furan in a suspension of AB in CHCl3 at room temperature using anhydrous FeCl3 as the oxidant. Formation of PTP and PF and their subsequent incorporation in PTP–AB and PF–AB composite systems were confirmed by FTIR analysis. Scanning electron microscope analysis showed the presence of compact clusters of particles in both composites. Transmission electron micrographs of PTP–AB and PF–AB composites showed formation of globular polymer encapsulated AB particles with average diameters of the order of ~100 nm in both systems. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the overall thermal stability varied in the order: AB > PTP–AB > PTP and AB > PF–AB > PF. DC conductivity values for the PTP–AB and PF–AB composites were of the order of 10?2 and 10?3 S cm?1, respectively. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献