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101.
通过对CO2气体保护焊在高炉炉壳组装与焊接工艺的使用,有效地控制了焊接变形及防止焊缝裂纹,阐明提高焊接质量要从多元角度出发,有机整体地考虑问题,在结论中进一步从成本,焊接质量及培训等方面分析证明推广CO2气体保护焊的必要性。 相似文献
102.
The strength of case-hardened parts under cyclic loading can be determined in an experimental manner, but this can produce
a large amount of costs due to the expenditure of material and testing time. Therefore, a calculation method is developed,
that strongly reduces the number of experiments. The presented model is based on Weibull's weakest-link concept and allows
to compute the survival probability of a case-hardened part which is loaded close to the fatigue limit. The essential quantities
in this model are the distribution of Vicker's hardness of the material, the exponents of the Weibull distribution of the
volume and the surface, the residual stress state, the surface roughness and the surface oxidation depth. By integrating the
survival probabilities of the surface and the volume, the survival probability of the entire specimen or part can be calculated,
which allows to compute the fatigue limit. The necessary parameters have to be determined from reference specimens. The model
is successfully examined by comparing experimental and calculated results of smooth and notched case-hardened specimens under
alternating torsion, rotating bending, repeated tension and tension-compression.
Received 20 August 2001 / Accepted 11 November 2001 相似文献
103.
104.
Crack propagation tests were carried out on 2024-T3 sheet specimens to study the effects of omitting low-amplitude cycles from the gust-dominated TWIST load sequence (MiniTWIST) and the removal of small load ranges from the manoeuvre-dominated FALSTAFF load sequence (short FALSTAFF). In other tests high-amplitude loads of TWIST and MiniTWIST were truncated at different levels. The results are compared with data from similar test programmes, including crack initiation. Attention is paid to unstationary crack growth retardation and a transient retardation during initial crack growth started by an artificial crack. 相似文献
105.
Fracture toughness and fatigue crack propagation (FCP) of plain and modified anhydride-cured epoxy resin (EP) were studied at ambient temperature. Liquid carboxyl-terminated acrylonitrile-butadiene (CTBN) and silicon (SI) rubber dispersions were used as tougheners for the EP. The morphology of the modified EP was characterized by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The fracture toughness, Kc, of the compositions decreased with increasing deformation rate. Kc of the EP was slightly improved by CTBN addition and practically unaffected by incorporation of the SI dispersion when tests were performed at low cross-head speed, v. Both modifiers improved Kc at high v, and also the resistance to FCP, by shifting the curves to higher stress intensity factor ranges, ΔK, by comparison with the plain EP. It was established that both fracture and fatigue performance rely on the compliance, JR, at the rubbery plateau, and thus on the apparent molecular mass between crosslinks, Mc. The failure mechanisms were less dependent upon the loading mode (fracture, fatigue), but differed basically for the various modifiers. Rubber-induced cavitation and shear yielding of the EP were dominant for CTBN, whereas crack bifurcation and branching controlled the cracking in SI-modified EP. The simultaneous use of both modifiers resulted in a synergistic effect for both the fracture toughness at high deformation rate and the FCP behavior. 相似文献
106.
催化裂化再生系统设备应力腐蚀开裂成因分析及解决对策 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
通过对催化裂化装置再生系统设备裂纹断口分析 ,以及对再生烟气的组分、冷凝水酸度及露点等的分析及对设备焊接残余应力测试 ,阐明了设备应力腐蚀开裂发生的原因 ,指出了富氧操作、高露点温度和高应力水平对再生系统设备应力腐蚀的影响作用 ,并重点提出了解决和防止应力腐蚀开裂的一系列有效措施和部分应用情况 相似文献
107.
This paper presents observations regarding the cracking behavior of tensile-loaded structural adhesive joints. Experiments showed that fracture occurred by the development and propagation of a damage zone, rather than a single, sharp crack, and that the presence of the adhesive spew fillet did not affect the fracture load of the adhesive joints studied. For joints bonded with the mineral-filled epoxy Cybond 4523GB (American Cyanamid), there was approximately 5 mm of subcritical crack propagation prior to final fracture. Fracture-load predictions based on the initial uncracked geometry made in previous papers were unaffected by this small change in geometry. For joints bonded with the rubber-toughened epoxy Permabond ESP 310, approximately 50 mm of subcritical crack propagation was observed. It was again found that predictions made in previous papers on the basis of the initial geometry gave a good estimate of the final fracture load even though this subcritical crack propagation significantly altered the geometry, and thus the applied energy release rates. The effect of shear deformations of the adherends was also investigated, and it was found that shear deformations could be neglected in engineering calculations for joints subject to remote tensile loading. 相似文献
108.
1100℃以上高温连铸板坯表面缺陷的模拟在线无损检测 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
高温状态下连铸板坯表面缺陷的在线无损检测在现代化的连铸坯热送-直轧工艺中对于保证铸坯的质量有着极其重要的意义。本文介绍了连铸坯高温探伤技术和相应的试验装置。采用涡流方法成功地模拟了1100℃以上铸坯表面缺陷的动态检测,所用探头及检测设备均可在高温状态下长时间连续工作,能检测出深度为1.5mm,宽度为0.3mm,长为10mm的表面缺陷,并能有效地抑制铸坯表面振动斑痕所产生的噪声影响。借助于计算机信号 相似文献
109.
将动态焦散线法与高速摄影技术相结合,本文记录了高分子材料悬臂梁内裂纹扩展加速、减速过程。一方面,利用动态焦散线可确定扩展裂尖的瞬态应力强度因子;另一方面,利用最小二乘法将裂纹扩展的水平、垂直位移分量拟合成时间(t)的四次多项式,描述了裂纹扩展方向、裂纹扩展加速度以及裂纹扩展加速度与动态应力强度因子的关系。结果表明:裂纹扩展加速度与动态应力强度因子之间存在一定的依赖关系;利用最小二乘法将裂纹扩展的水平、垂直分量拟合成时间(t)的四次多项式,可以对裂纹的扩展方向、加速度进行定量分析。 相似文献
110.
T.A. Wyatt 《Journal of Wind Engineering & Industrial Aerodynamics》2004,92(5):359-374
The classical spectral analysis of structural response to a gusty wind is applied to the prediction of fatigue damage as expressed by the rate of accumulation of Miner's quotient, using the rainflow algorithm to establish stress-range cycle counts. A general solution in chart form is given for the effect of the broad-band (quasi-static) part of the response spectrum, together with an algebraic formulation for its combination with the effect of narrow-band (quasi-resonant) response.A procedure for integration of the long-term expectation of Miner's quotient is indicated. It is concluded that quasi-static response alone is unlikely to pose a serious fatigue problem. With generally anticipated levels of dynamic response, fatigue damage is greatly increased, but can be controlled at acceptable levels by care to avoid features especially sensitive to fatigue. 相似文献