基于GMA的可控油膜轴承试验研究

介绍了一种基于超磁致驱动器(GMA)的可控油膜轴承和以该轴承为支撑的转子-轴承系统试验台的结构和工作原理,在搭建的试验台上完成了GMA可控油膜轴承的静态性能测试试验。试验结果表明,通过改变GMA的偏置电流,该GMA可控油膜轴承能有效的把不同工况下转子的静平衡位置调整到同一位置,使可控径向油膜轴承支撑的转子具有较好的自动调心功能和较高的位置定位精度。     

Prediction of Thermodynamic Properties of Liquid Air

In this work, a simple equation of state (EoS) has been used to predict some thermodynamic properties of air as a pseudo-pure fluid; as a ternary mixture of nitrogen, oxygen, and argon; and as a binary mixture of nitrogen and oxygen at different temperatures and pressures. A comparison with literature tabulated values has been made. The agreement of calculated densities with corresponding tabulated values is good for which the average absolute deviations are better than 0.06% if we assume air as a pseudo-pure fluid, and 0.9% and 1.2% if we consider air as a ternary mixture and as a binary mixture, respectively. To show the ability of this equation of state to predict density, the calculated densities of air have been compared with those computed by other methods.     

Methodology to improve applicability of welding simulation

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to demonstrate a new simulation technique which allows fast and automatic generation of temperature fields as input for subsequent thermomechanical welding simulation. The basic idea is to decompose the process model into an empirical part based on neural networks and a phenomenological part that describes the physical phenomena. The strength of this composite modelling approach is the automatic calibration of mathematical models against experimental data without the need for manual interference by an experienced user. As an example for typical applications in laser beam and GMA–laser hybrid welding, it is shown that even 3D heat conduction models of a low complexity can approximate measured temperature fields with a sufficient accuracy. In general, any derivation of model fitting parameters from the real process adds uncertainties to the simulation independent of the complexity of the underlying phenomenological model. The modelling technique presented hybridises empirical and phenomenological models. It reduces the model uncertainties by exploiting additional information which keeps normally hidden in the data measured when the model calibration is performed against few experimental data sets. In contrast, here the optimal model parameter set corresponding to a given process parameter is computed by means of an empirical submodel based on relatively large set of experimental data. The approach allows making a contribution to an efficient compensation of modelling inaccuracies and lack of knowledge about thermophysical material properties or boundary conditions. Two illustrating examples are provided.     

苯乙烯-GMA共聚物的合成及其在尼龙6/聚苯醚共混体系中的应用

采用悬浮聚合方法合成了苯乙烯－甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯（GMA）共聚物（SG），讨论了各种实验条件对聚合反应的影响。SG共聚物能够有效地与尼龙6分子链端的胺基、羧基和聚苯醚分子链端的羧基发生反应，生成接枝共聚物。将其用于尼龙6／聚苯醚共混体系，发现尼龙6（PA6）／聚苯醚（PPO）／SG三元合金体系与组成相同的PA6／PPO二元合金体系相比，材料的拉伸强度和断裂伸长均得到提高。这种共聚物可以作为适用于尼龙／聚苯醚合金体系的反应型增容剂。     

Glycol methacrylate embedding in histotechnology: factors which influence the evolution of heat during polymerization at room temperature

Benzoyl peroxide is widely applied as an initiator–accelerator system in combination with tertiary amines for the polymerization of water-miscible methacrylates. However, this system is very sensitive to the ambient temperature and the evolution of exothermic heat is, especially at room temperature (293 K), difficult to control. Temperatures involved may increase beyond 373 K. A linear correlation between a graded series of benzoyl peroxide (0.2–1.0 g% benzoyl peroxide/glycol methacrylate) and the maximum temperature within the polymerizing plastic was established using a commercially-available embedding system. Commercially-available glycol methacrylates contain various concentrations of inhibitor in order to prevent spontaneous polymerization of the monomer. We tested a series of 200–300–400–800 ppm of the inhibitor hydroquinone and found a significant influence exerted upon the maximum temperature and the moment at which the maximum temperature was reached. Supplementary addition of inhibitors to the GMA monomer may effect a decrease of the maximum temperature within polymerizing GMA mixtures. Possibilities for standardizing the polymerization of glycol methacrylate by means of the benzoyl peroxide/tertiary amine initiator–accelerator system at room temperature are discussed.     

基于直接液体冷却的GMA温控方法研究

摘要：为了给超磁致伸缩执行器（GMA）提供恒温的工作环境以保证输出精度,针对传统间接冷却温控系统热效率较低的问题,基于直接液体冷却原理,提出了一种可应用于弯曲型微位移执行器的新型高热效率GMA温控方法,及提出了新型的卡盘式温控腔体结构。仿真结果表明,多层油道的直接冷却温控方法将磁致伸缩材料（GMM）的温升范围由传统间接冷却温控方式的±O．4℃～±0．5℃提升到±0．02℃之内,新的温控方法和热结构为GMM材料进一步的开发和应用研究提供了设计方向和依据。     

Kinetics of radical polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate initiated by multi‐site phase transfer catalyst–potassium peroxydisulfate in two‐phase system

The kinetics of radical polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate, initiated by the free radicals formed in situ in the multi‐site phase transfer catalyst (PTC), 1,1,2,2‐tetramethyl‐1‐benzyl‐2‐n‐propylethylene‐1,2‐diammonium bromide chloride–potassium peroxydisulfate system was studied in an aqueous–organic two‐phase media at 60°C ± 1°C under inert and unstirred condition. The rate of polymerization (R_p) was determined at various concentrations of the monomer, initiator, catalyst, and volume fraction of aqueous phase. The effect of acid, ionic strength, and water‐immiscible organic solvents on the R_p was examined. The temperature dependence of the rate was studied, and activation parameters were calculated. R_p increased with an increase in the concentrations of monomer, initiator, multi‐site PTC, and increase in the polarity of solvent and temperature. The order with respect to monomer, initiator, and multi‐site PTC was found to be 0.50. A feasible free‐radical mechanism consistent with the experimental data has been proposed, and its significance was discussed. The synthesized polymer was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectral analysis. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

POE熔融接枝GMA的制备及其增韧PBT的应用研究

采用熔融接枝法制备聚烯烃热塑弹性体(POE)接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA),将接枝物[POE-g-(GMA-g-St))]用于聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)的增韧改性。研究了接枝物含量对共混物力学性能、结构以及熔融结晶行为的影响。结果表明:POE-g-(GMA-g-St)对PBT具有良好的增韧效果,当加入弹性体30%时,共混物的冲击强度为71.97 kJ/m2。SEM图像显示:作为分散相的接枝物在PBT基体中的尺寸更小且粒径分布更均匀。DSC图像显示出现两个熔融峰且随接枝物含量的增加其结晶度逐渐降低。     

Porous polymer particles—A comprehensive guide to synthesis, characterization, functionalization and applications

This review is written to fulfill the need of a comprehensive guide for the manufacture of porous polymer particles. The synthesis section discusses and for the first time compares microfluidics, membrane/microchannel, suspension, dispersion, precipitation, multistage polymerizations and a few other less known methods, microfluidics being in greater detail. The comparison includes on one hand simplicity, scaling-up possibilities and the ability to yield nonspherical particles for these methods and on the other hand size, size monodispersity, pore characteristics and chemical functionality of the obtained particles. This extensive comparison certainly makes this review also useful for the preparation of nonporous particles. In addition, functionalization/characterization techniques and applications of porous particles are also discussed, including some visionary recommendations. The review is expected not only to enable individual experts of each field to compare their methods with the other ones, but also to be a handbook for the newcomers to this field to guide them from the synthesis to the applications.