A Mass Transport Model for Drying Wood under Isothermal Conditions

Mass transport in wood during drying can have different mechanisms at different periods of drying. Depending on the current moisture content (MC) and the structure of the wood, the driving forces for the mass transport are essentially different. Above the fiber saturation point (FSP), the lumens are partially saturated and the transport of liquid (free) water occurs as a consequence of capillary action. On the other hand, below the FSP, bound water within the cell walls is conveyed by diffusion, and water vapor in the lumens moves under influence of pressures gradient. Based on these considerations, a unified model is presented that takes into account the transport of the different moisture phases. Simulation of the drying of a Norway spruce sample at 50°C from about 135 to 7% MC is carried out using the finite element method (FEM). Comparison between the simulated average MC and the experimental observations obtained from X-ray computed tomography (CT) shows reasonable agreement. Possible simplifications in the model are briefly discussed as well as some aspects of the numerical implementation. Finally, the influence of absolute permeability on the average MC is studied.     

β放射性气体浓度计的新分度方法

本文介绍β放射性气体浓度计的一种新的分度方法——泄漏元件排气法。其特点是一只元件可分度放射性气体浓度计的许多读出数(甚至是几个量程),操作方便。     

VERIFICATION AND COMPARISON OF FORMULAS FOR BED LOAD TRANSPORT

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Lateral space-charge effects on ballistic electron transport across graded heterojunctions

Hot electron transport across graded compound semiconductor heterojunctions has been explored using a two-dimensional formulation of the self-consistent ensemble Monte Carlo method. The Al_xGa_1-xAs/GaAs heterojunction imbedded into a vertical field effect transistor with two ohmic contacts (source, drain) and two lateral Schottky gates has been used as an example. Lateral space charges modulated by the gates are shown to control ballistic injection of electrons over the heterojunction under steady state conditions. The transient response to a gate pulse is found to be determined by carrier transit from the heavily doped source contact region into the channel. A conceptual one-dimensional section model is used to explain the Monte Carlo results.     

气相起爆系统现场应用试验研究

在现场试验的基础上,对气相起爆系统的实际应用性能进行了初步研究.分析和探讨了该系统安全使用条件和尚存在的诸多技术问题.此外,还介绍了我国首批研制成功的气相雷管及其性能.     

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解决注水泥作业的防气窜问题，是提高固井质量，保护油气层的关键技术。现有预测和防止水泥浆气管理的方法虽然较多，但应用于现场却有一定困难，主要表现在所考虑的因素比较单一，有些高温、高压下的水泥浆性能参数难以测定。文章在分析国内外预测和防止气窜方法的基础上，应用水泥浆浆体在环空的组成，GFP系数、水泥浆稠度阻力系数（A）及多凝水泥和环空加压等措施，拟定出一套提高水泥浆顶替效率，保证水泥浆动态和静态过程压力平衡关系的具体设计方法。     

再造鼓形膨胀器

介绍了本钢不停产安装再造煤气管道鼓形膨胀器的实践，并对制造、安装方法进行了叙述，特别是在结构上采用了独特的构槽密封焊缝和完整的安装程序，保证了实施的安全。     

用于重离子核反应实验测量的纵向电场气体电离室

本文报道了一种新型的大动态范围，多叠层探测器系统组件之一的纵向电场气体电离室的构造，性能和在中能得离子核反应实验中的应用。     

应用烃类直接检测技术预测天然气藏

柴达木盆地位于青藏高原北部，是中国大型含油气盆地之一，历经４０年的勘探，发现了丰富的油气资源。柴达木盆地东部地区是第四纪沉降与沉积中心，区内第二系生储气岩厚度大、分布广、第四纪新构造运动形成的同生沉积构造发育、保存完整、具有形成大中型天然气田的地质条件。此外，由于该地区含气地层时代新、埋藏浅、成岩与胶结作用差、含气层厚度大、孔渗性好，加之构造条件简单，人文干扰小、是应用烃直接检测技术寻找天然气的有     

Simulation of water and nitrogen dynamics in soils during wastewater applications by using a finite-element model

A mathematical model was developed to simulate water movement, mass transport, and nitrogen transformations in soils during wastewater applications. The model is one-dimensional and based on the Galerkin finite-element method. The submodel of mass transport of nitrogen incorporates the convection-dispersion processes of ammonium and nitrate nitrogen, nitrification, denitrification, ammonium exchange and uptake of ammonium and nitrate ions. The accuracy and validity of the proposed model was examined by comparison with an explicit-implicit finite-difference model results. The model was used for simulation of water and nitrogen dynamics during wastewater application in homogeneous and multi-layered soils under different N concentration, rate, duration and scheduling of application.