20CrMnTiH钢水口堵塞机理研究与解决措施

研究了转炉生产20CrMnTiH钢时连铸水口堵塞的机理，主要通过精炼造CaO—Al2O3-SiO2-CaF2系渣，保持熔渣良好的流动性和高碱度、低熔点、低氧化铁，提高吸附夹杂能力并针对引起水口堵塞的物质，对钙处理、软吹及进站S含量进行严格的要求，成功解决了水口堵塞问题。     

井下气液分离及回注技术研究现状分析

气井产水量的不断增加对天然气生产构成严重威胁，其影响越来越受到人们的关注和重视。使用井下气液分离及回注技术，可以降低举升和处理费用，增加生产寿命，提高采收率，减少环境污染，简化地面分离设备，提高投资效益。针对井下分离及回注技术研究现状进行了分析，给出了并下气液分离及回注形式、适用条件和技术设计、应用方面的结论。     

长管串井下分离器及尾管举升抽油工艺技术

针对常规防气工艺存在的防气效果不理想、适用范围小、无法使气体影响严重的油井正常生产等问题,研制了长管串井下分离器及尾管举升工艺技术,该工艺以套管和油管间的环形空间为沉降分离体,沉降分离空间大;解决了常规防气工艺适用范围小的工艺难题,并且该装置使混气液转向沉降分离流速降低,利于更细小的气泡分离,使气体分离更彻底,对油气比越高的井效果较明显。经现场对16口井的试验表明,可有效减少气体影响,提高油井泵效。该分离器的试用有效率高,取得了明显的经济效益。     

Influence of ZnO and P2O5 Content on Modified HZSM-5 on Aromatization of FCC Gasoline

Catalytic properties of different content of ZnO and P₂O₅ supported on HZSM-5 zeolites were studied in the conversion of FCC gasoline (75°C-120°C) into aromatic hydrocarbons with a temperature of 430°C, a liquid hourly space velocity of 1.0 hr^-1, and a pressure of 0.1 MPa. In the reaction, when the contents of ZnO and P₂O₅ are 2% and 4%, respectively, Zn-P/HZSM-5 showed the highest selectivity and activity to aromatic hydrocarbons and conversion of olefins. The content of aromatics in the liquid product and the yield of aromatics reached as high as 94.53%, 68.87%, and 51.74%, respectively.     

A kinetic investigation into the removal of carbobenzyloxy group from protected amines via hydrogenolysis reaction

Hydrogenolysis of a carbobenzyloxy group (CBz) was studied utilizing molecular hydrogen in the presence of carbon-supported palladium catalyst. It was demonstrated that the kinetics of the reaction are greatly influenced by the presence of the CO₂ by-product. It was found out that the presence of CO₂ determines whether the reaction is first or zero order since it causes deactivation of the catalyst via inhibition. The effect of potassium carbonate (K₂CO₃) and triethylamine (TEA) as additives was investigated. A considerable solvent effect was also observed that may be explained by the variation of dispersion of the catalyst from one solvent to another.     

On-line H NMR spectroscopic investigation of hydrogen bonding in supercritical and near critical CO2–methanol up to 35 MPa and 403 K

On-line NMR spectroscopy can beneficially be applied to studies of supercritical and near-critical fluids as an alternative to optical spectroscopy. Up to now high pressure NMR experiments are predominantly accomplished using custom made NMR batch reactors. The authors present a novel high pressure cell with displacement plunger for on-line NMR experiments on compressible fluids which can be used in conjunction with commercially available SCF NMR flow probes. The on-line technique offers advantages compared to stopped flow techniques such as enhanced control of mixture composition and reaction parameters as well as the facility of engagement into the reaction. The new apparatus is used for NMR studies on hydrogen bonding of methanol in near critical and supercritical carbon dioxide up to 403 K and 35 MPa for which data on the chemical shift of the hydroxyl group and methyl group are reported and interpreted.     

河流二维水质模型与地理信息系统的集成研究

根据水质预测、管理的不同需求,提出基于二维对流扩散方程的三种水质计算模式:连续点源排放水质模型,瞬时点源排放水质模型,有限体积法求解的数值解水质模型。基于MO进行GIS系统的组件式开发,实现了GIS平台下河势贴体河道二维正交网格的自动生成,解决了二维水体的空间网格离散问题。在此基础上,将三种类型的二维水质模型模块与GIS平台集成,以更好满足水质预测与管理在水质模型计算方式选取、计算精度与实现效率等方面的需求。     

The identification of highly chlorinated ethers and diethers in river sediment near an epichlorohydrin plant

In harbour sediment samples taken near an epichlorohydrin production plant, a series of highly chlorinated ethers and diethers were detected viz. three isomeric bis(dichloropropyl)ethers, several structurally closely related ethers with 9 carbon atoms (C₉ ethers), a number of C₁₂ ethers and diethers, and finally several C₁₅ ethers. The formation of this new class of ether compounds can be explained on the basis of the chemistry of the addition of HOCl to allylchloride. After initial addition of Cl⁻, a reactive intermediate is formed which may react with the product dichloropropanol, to give the C₆ ethers, or may polymerize with the starting compound allylchloride followed by reaction with the product, to give the C₉, C₁₂ and C₁₅ ethers.     

残留奥氏体对1500MPa级新型低碳Mn-Si-Cr系合金钢冲击韧度的影响

15 0 0MPa级无碳化物贝氏体 马氏体复相钢的第一类回火脆性开始温度高于 36 0℃。实验表明 ,这并非由于贝氏体 马氏体复相韧化 ,而是与无碳化物贝氏体中的膜状残留奥氏体有关。无碳化物贝氏体中机械稳定性较高的残留奥氏体可能是导致无碳化物贝氏体 马氏体复相钢第一类回火脆性开始温度升高的直接原因。     

一种新型半桥不对称PW M控制变换器

介绍了一种适用于DC／DC半桥变换的不对称PWM控制方案，分析了电路的工作原理，给出了150W变换器的仿真波形和实验结论，结果表明，该控制方案能在恒定开关频率下对变换器实现高效率的软开关控制。