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351.
    
The weld penetration monitoring is a challenging work in modern automated manufacturing industries. The weld quality can be improved with higher depth of penetration and less weld pool area. In this work, various pulse parameters have been varied to investigate their influence on weld penetration in pulsed metal inert gas (P-MIG) welding. The primary objective was to improve the depth of penetration adjusting the pulse parameters. The sound sensor and an infrared pyrometer were used along with arc sensors to properly monitor the depth of weld penetration. Finally, an attempt has also been made to correlate the time domain statistical features of each sensor with weld bead characteristics.  相似文献   
352.
    
In this study, simulated heat-affected zone (HAZ) of Nb-free and Nb-bearing steel were obtained, and SEM, TEM, and slow strain rate tensile (SSRT) tests were performed to investigate the effect of Nb on the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behavior of high-strength low-alloy (HLSA) steel in simulated seawater with or without hydrogen charging. The addition of Nb significantly refined the grains and uniformed the microstructure of HLSA. Nb hardly affected the SCC susceptibility of BM and HAZ without hydrogen-charging. However, after charging with 10 mA cm−2, the SCC resistance of Nb-bearing steel, especially the coarse grain HAZ (CGHAZ) improved drastically, and the process of crack initiation and propagation was inhibited owing to the hydrogen trap function of NbC precipitates.  相似文献   
353.
    
Plasma cutting is an effective way to cut hard metals. In this process, three output parameters cutting width (kerf), surface roughness (Ra) and heat-affected zone (HAZ) are critical factors which affect the quality and efficiency of the cutting. In this paper, an experimental study was conducted to investigate the cutting quality in terms of kerf, Ra, and HAZ for the 309 stainless steel plasma cutting. First, the research tested the effect of input parameters including current, gas pressure, and cutting speed on the process outputs. Then, the results were used to develop three predictive models by intelligent systems based on genetic algorithm (GA) and artificial neural network (ANN). Finally, a hybrid technique of genetically optimized neural network systems (GONNs) was designed and employed to simultaneously optimize the process outputs. The results show that the implemented strategy is an effective method for optimizing the output parameters in the plasma cutting process.  相似文献   
354.
为了提高船舶及建筑结构等的焊接效率,必须采用大热输入焊接等措施。介绍了日本各钢铁公司研究开发的多种新技术,包括利用TiN对热影响区晶粒长大进行有效控制,依靠铁素体形核核心手段实现晶粒细化,并利用控制热影响区微观组织以及采用TMCP控制轧制技术等。在综合利用这些技术的基础上,开发成功了各种适合于大热输入焊接的高强度钢,以确保大热输入条件下热影响区具有高的韧性,用于造船、建筑结构、桥梁等的建造。  相似文献   
355.
    
Accurate calculation of thermal cycles is a prerequisite to model grain growth in the heat-affected zone (HAZ). T improve the computation precision of thermal field and HAZ geometry, a coupled model of heat transfer and fluid flow is developed for laser + GMAW-P hybrid welding of TCS stainless steel. Utilizing computed temperature fields from the coupled model, the evolution of grain structure in the HAZ of TCS stainless steel in hybrid welding is numerically simulated by using a three dimensional Monte Carlo model. Simulation results show that more accurate HAZ grain structure can be obtained based on the coupled model of fluid flow and heat transfer, and the computed grain size distribution agrees well with the corresponding experimental results.  相似文献   
356.
皮秒激光加工具有峰值能量高、脉冲作用时间短等特点,是碳纤维复合材料(Carbon fiber reinforced polymer,CFRP)孔切割的重要手段。但是碳纤维和树脂基体的热物性存在较大差异,激光脉冲能量累积与传导行为,致使热损伤难以避免。本文提出一种CFRP硅油辅助皮秒激光制孔工艺,研究硅油对孔内部缺陷、热影响区(Heat affected Zone,HAZ)、孔圆度及锥度的影响。研究表明,与皮秒激光制孔相比,硅油辅助制孔质量显著提高:切口处无基体损伤,孔内壁面无裂纹,仍存在轻微的纤维裸露;孔表面HAZ减至41μm(重复频率200kHz、扫描速度1800mm/s);激光重复频率200kHz、扫描速度600mm/s时锥度减小1609。综上,硅油有助于调控CFRP激光制孔损伤:改善微观缺陷,抑制热影响区,降低锥度等。  相似文献   
357.
研究了激光熔覆Inconel718合金涂层与基体界面的微观组织及力学性能;结果表明:由于强化相的溶解;热影响区的硬度及强度降低;典型激光熔覆工艺条件下;扫描速度越快;热影响区越窄;熔覆层底部无平面晶组织;熔合区结合致密;化学成分一致;组织过渡平滑;熔覆层内部为枝晶组织;晶间有较多的Laves相;硬度较热影响区高;时效热处理后;热影响区及熔覆层的强度接近原始基材;界面区域力学性能过渡的平滑性改善。  相似文献   
358.
对X90和X100管线钢管进行了夏比冲击试验,发现焊缝HAZ韧性有所降低,通过金相组织观察,发现热影响区出现不同程度的板条马氏体组织,经过硬度试验,认为脆硬的板条马氏体的出现降低了焊缝HAZ的韧性指标,是夏比冲击性能不合格的主要原因。将试样在不同温度下进行回火热处理后焊缝HAZ的韧性性能均有明显提高,说明通过热处理能有效地降低甚至消除淬硬组织对焊缝热影响区冲击韧性的影响。  相似文献   
359.
The distribution of microstructure and mechanical properties in welding heat affected zone (HAZ) of a high-Nb high strength pipeline steel was studied by simulating two type welding heat inputs on Gleeble-3500 thermal simulator. The results show that the micro-hardness of HAZ is higher then base metal without obvious softening. However, the toughness for intercritical heat affected zone and coarse grain zone of heat affected zone deteriorates. M/A islands with large size distributed in chain structure along prior austenite grain boundary cause the decrease of toughness in intercritical heat affected zone. Coarsening and mixed crystal of prior austenite grain, coarse bainite lath cluster and M/A island with large size distributed at boundary of bainite lath cluster result in deterioration of toughness in coarse grain. High alloy content and carbon equivalent are main reason to result in the decrease of the toughness.  相似文献   
360.
利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜分析了某厂生产的X90钢管线钢焊接接头的显微组织,通过硬度试验和冲击试验测试了其硬度和韧性变化规律。试验结果显示,其焊缝为针状铁素体和粒状贝氏体组织,熔合区和粗晶区为粗大粒状贝氏体组织,细晶区为多边形铁素体、珠光体和MA组织,混晶区为粒状贝氏体、多边形铁素体、珠光体和MA的混合组织;热影响区有局部硬化和软化现象,且内焊缝硬度高于外焊缝;试验温度高于-20 ℃时,热影响区的冲击吸收能量和剪切断面率高于焊缝,低于-40~-20 ℃区间某个值后,冲击性能将降低至焊缝性能以下;热影响区的韧脆转变温度约在-50 ℃附近,而焊缝的韧脆转变温度约在-70 ℃附近。  相似文献   
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