Multi-degree reduction of NURBS curves based on their explicit matrix representation and polynomial approximation theory

NURBS curve is one of the most commonly used tools in CAD systems and geometric modeling for its various specialties, which means that its shape is locally adjustable as well as its continuity order, and it can represent a conic curve precisely. But how to do degree reduction of NURBS curves in a fast and efficient way still remains a puzzling problem. By applying the theory of the best uniform approximation of Chebyshev polynomials and the explicit matrix representation of NURBS curves, this paper gives the necessary and sufficient condition for degree reducible NURBS curves in an explicit form. And a new way of doing degree reduction of NURBS curves is also presented, including the multi-degree reduction of a NURBS curve on each knot span and the multi-degree reduction of a whole NURBS curve. This method is easy to carry out, and only involves simple calculations. It provides a new way of doing degree reduction of NURBS curves, which can be widely used in computer graphics and industrial design.     

Stochastic fracture mechanics using polynomial chaos

Crack propagation in metals has long been recognized as a stochastic process. As a consequence, crack propagation rates have been modeled as random variables or as random processes of the continuous. On the other hand, polynomial chaos is a known powerful tool to represent general second order random variables or processes. Hence, it is natural to use polynomial chaos to represent random crack propagation data: nevertheless, no such application has been found in the published literature. In the present article, the large replicate experimental results of Virkler et al. and Ghonem and Dore are used to illustrate how polynomial chaos can be used to obtain accurate representations of random crack propagation data. Hermite polynomials indexed in stationary Gaussian stochastic processes are used to represent the logarithm of crack propagation rates as a function of the logarithm of stress intensity factor ranges. As a result, crack propagation rates become log-normally distributed, as observed from experimental data. The Karhunen–Loève expansion is used to represent the Gaussian process in the polynomial chaos basis. The analytical polynomial chaos representations derived herein are shown to be very accurate, and can be employed in predicting the reliability of structural components subject to fatigue.     

小波分析中一类滤波器的构造

通过对多分辨分析性质的讨论,提出了使用数值方法修正初始滤波器得到紧支集正交滤波器的方法。可以针对任何紧支集滤波器进行迭代,自动得到消失矩更高、质量更优的滤波器。基于Legendre多项式,构造一组平移正交系,在得到初始滤波器后进行修正,获得消失矩为2的滤波器。与db3小波进行处理一维信号和二维信号的对比检测,实验证明该滤波器在图像边缘处理中有效。     

基于Hermite插值的管片拼装机轨迹规划

盾构施工中,管片拼装机需要先完成一环的拼装,才能往前进行推进。目前管片拼装机工作效率较低,直接影响着掘进速度。为了提高管片拼装机的拼装效率,结合Hermite插值算法提出一种新的拼装轨迹规划方法,通过各动作始末两点进行Hermite插值,构造出五次多项式,通过加速度、功率等约束解出各具体解。选取用时最长的作为时间基准,重新构造其余五次多项式。在降低启动冲击的同时,将管片拼装机的拼装效率提升了近一倍。     

基于三弯矩法的环曲面金刚石切削刀具路径规划及其仿真分析

为解决环曲面加工困难的问题,对环曲面金刚石切削方法进行研究。在刀具路径规划中,使用了刀触点综合离散方法,该方法结合了等角度离散与等弧长离散的优点;提出了通过控制相邻刀触点间Z向距离以减小刀具的Z向移动从而提高离散精度的方法。根据加工时刀位点插补的特点,应用三弯矩法计算插补入口参数,实现插值函数的二阶导数连续。仿真分析表明,综合离散方法能够减小离散误差,使用三弯矩法进行插补计算可将最大插值误差由Hermite插值的0.35 μm减小至0.001 2 μm,效果明显。加工试验结果表明,该路径规划方法可用于环曲面的加工,且能改善工件的加工质量。     

IRFPA的一种新的非均匀性校正算法

提出在IRFPA非均匀性校正中使用埃尔米特插值方法,与其他传统方法相比较具有运算量小,修正效果好,易于实现等优点。在既有乘性噪声,又有较强加性噪声的情况下,仿真效果优于拉格朗日分段线性插值算法,是一种新的非均匀性校正算法。     

基于Laguerre多项式的电力机车谐波电流估计

提出利用Laguerre多项式的逼近函数进行电力机车谐波电流估计。根据机车不同的运行方式建立机车模型,通过随机变量矩的合成求出机车电流的k阶原点矩,利用Laguerre多项式展开拟合其概率密度函数PDF(ProbabilityDensityFunction)。根据机车谐波电流与负荷电流的比例关系,求得谐波电流的95%概率估计值。最后,对SS1型机车产生的谐波电流进行估计,证明了该方法的有效性。     

Revising the unified hardening model by using a smoothed Hvorslev envelope

The original unified hardening (UH) model, in which a straight Hvorslev envelope was employed to determine the potential peak stress ratio of overconsolidated soils, is revised using a smoothed Hvorslev envelope (Hermite-Hvorslev envelope). The strength at the intersection between the straight Hvorslev envelope and the critical state surface (i.e. Mohr-Coulomb envelope) can be undefined due to the discontinuous change in the slope of the two linear strength envelopes mentioned above. A smoothed Hvorslev envelope is derived through Hermite interpolation to ensure a smooth change between the proposed Hvorslev envelope and the zero-tension surface as well as a smoothed transition between the proposed Hvorslev envelope and the critical state surface. The Hermite-Hvorslev envelope is then integrated into the original UH model, and then the UH models with four different functions of the Hvorslev envelope are compared with each other. The UH model revised by the Hermite-Hvorslev envelope can well predict the mechanical behaviors of normally consolidated and overconsolidated soils in drained and undrained conditions with the same parameters in the modified Cam-Clay model.     

Zernike多项式拟合方法及应用

由于Zernike多项式的各项与光学像差有相应的对应关系,用Zernike多项式对镜面面形数据进行处理的方法已经广泛应用于工程项目、光学系统设计软件和干涉检查等.用Zernike多项式作为光学和结构分析程序间的接口工具是非常方便和成熟的.本文阐述了Zernike多项式及其拟合方法和应用流程,并应用它作为数据接口工具实现了光机热各分析模块间的数据转换,并在某空间相机系统集成分析中得到应用.     

广义m法及在基坑支护结构计算中的应用

在基础设计中有熟悉的文克尔弹性地基模型,在桩水平力计算及支护设计中有m法,如考虑多层土层复杂情况,m法则无法求解,本文将此类问题归入广义m法,利用两结点Hermite单元形函数推导其刚度矩阵。此法便于编制计算机程序,已用于弹性地基梁、桩水平力计算、支护结构三维有限元结构计算