Cyclic variations in the permeability of the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

To study cell-cycle-related variations in wall permeability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, two approaches were used. First, an asynchronous culture was fractionated by centrifugal elutriation into subpopulations containing cells of increasing size. The subpopulations represented different stages of the cell cycle as judged by light microscopy. Cell wall porosity increased when these subpopulations became enriched with budded cells. Secondly, synchronous cultures were obtained by releasing MATa cells from alpha-factor induced G1-arrest. These cultures grew synchronously for at least two generations. The cell wall porosity increased sharply in these cultures, shortly before buds became visible and was maximal during the initial stages of bud growth. It decreased in cells which had completed nuclear migration and before abscission of the bud had occurred. The porosity reached its lowest value during abscission and in unbudded cells. We examined the incorporation of mannoproteins into the wall during the cell cycle. SDS-extractable mannoproteins were incorporated continuously. However, the incorporation of glucanase-extractable mannoproteins, which are known to affect cell wall porosity, showed cyclic oscillations and reached its maximum after nuclear migration. This coincided with a rapid decrease in cell wall porosity, indicating that glucanase-extractable mannoproteins might contribute to this decrease.     

On the improvement of detection characteristics of trans-stilbene crystals by improving crystal perfection

Organic molecular scintillating crystals are noted for their good timing and particle discrimination process. Trans-stilbene is one such candidate noted for its good particle detection characteristics for the past five decades. Progressive strengthening of detection characteristics of trans-stilbene has been attempted by improving crystal perfection. A series of timing resolution studies have been carried out for the Bridgman grown trans-stilbene crystals under different experimental conditions. The results were compared with the previously reported values. Pulse shape discrimination process has been carried out for ²⁴¹Am and ²⁵²Cf sources and good discrimination has been obtained for gamma-alpha and gamma-neutron sources from the grown organic phosphor crystal. Electronic Publication     

ENHANCED RECOVERY OF MEDIUM CRUDE OIL IN HETEROGENEOUS RESERVOIRS USING AIR INJECTION/IN SITU COMBUSTION—HORIZONTAL WELL TECHNOLOGY

A simple 3-D physical model has been developed to investigate the use of in-situ combustion in heterogeneous reservoirs. Gas over-ride phenomena is one of the major causes of instability of combustion process; gas override results in poor sweep efficiency with subsequent low oil recovery. However, the use of horizontal wells in direct line drive arrangement has shown a great deal of combustion stability and propagation by means of controlling gas override This paper has extended the scope of using horizontal wells in direct line drive configuration in heterogeneous reservoirs. Three cases of reservoir heterogeneity were investigated in this study. In the first case, a dual-layer permeability of sand was used (a high permeability layer on top and a low permeability layer on bottom); in the second case, placement of the aforementioned layers was swapped, and in the third case, a high permeability streak was sandwiched between two low permeability layers of fine sand. The results indicated that a stable combustion front has been achieved in the first two cases with a high oil recovery, however the performance of the combustion process markedly deteriorated when a high permeability streak layer was utilised as a result of a severe low temperature oxidation due to oxygen channelling through the streak, with subsequent poor sweep efficiency and in turn low oil recovery. The use of horizontal wells as producers and injectors in a line drive configuration is beneficial and effective for minimising the effect of reservoir heterogeneity to some extent.     

Crack growth in aluminium alloy sheet material under flight-simulation loading

Crack propagation tests were carried out on 2024-T3 sheet specimens to study the effects of omitting low-amplitude cycles from the gust-dominated TWIST load sequence (MiniTWIST) and the removal of small load ranges from the manoeuvre-dominated FALSTAFF load sequence (short FALSTAFF). In other tests high-amplitude loads of TWIST and MiniTWIST were truncated at different levels. The results are compared with data from similar test programmes, including crack initiation. Attention is paid to unstationary crack growth retardation and a transient retardation during initial crack growth started by an artificial crack.     

局部施肥对植株生长及根系形态的影响

本文论述了局部施肥对植株地上部与地下部的影响。局部施肥促进了施肥区根系的发达 ,第一侧根与第二侧根较多 ,根的吸收表面积增多 ,根鲜重增加 ,对养分的吸收能力增强 ,但整个根系与地上部的干鲜重下降。     

平面Z-型软磁铁氧体频率特性的研究

研究分析了Co2Z材料显微结构与磁性能的关系,在普通铁氧体工艺中引入预磁化处理方法,并适当控制二次再结晶现象,成功地研制出高性能的Co2Z型宽频材料,Z-型铁氧体材料的共振频率可达1.8GHz以上,截止频率在1GHz附近,起始磁导率在8-13之间,介电常数相对较低(ε'<30)。     

Quantification of Factors Which Influence Nisin's Inhibition of CIostridium botulinum 56A in a Model Food System

We modeled nisin's anticlostridial activity and assessed the antagonistic or potentiating influences of food ingredients. The model systems contained yeast extract, proteose peptone, and glucose; were supplemented with protein (0.075, 0.75, 7.5% w/v), phospholipid (0.075, 0.75, 7.5% w/v), or soluble starch (5, 17.5, 30% w/v); and were adjusted to pH 5.5, 6.0, or 6.5. Samples inoculated with 10⁴/mL spores were incubated at 15, 25, or 35°C. Statistical analysis developed an equation (r²= 0.76) that modeled the response and identified temperature as the most significant (α 0.001) variable. Nisin lost effectiveness with increasing temperature. Nisin concentration had significant positive and phospholipid negative, linear effects. Many interactive effects were significant (α 0.20). Nisin inhibited C. botulinum until its residual level dropped below a threshold, which decreased from 154 IU/mL at 35°C to 12 IU/mL at 15°C.     

土钉支护结构水平位移安全监控模型研究

国内现行规范、标准是以极限变形值作为土钉支护结构水平位移安全监测报警值 ,但没有反映工程进度影响 ,不便指导工程实践。提出“过程控制”概念 ,以反正切函数为基本形式 ,基于历史经验建立“安全时程曲线”控制模型 ,要求施工过程中实测水平位移始终处在“安全时程曲线”之下 ,以确保最终变形在某一适当的阈值之内 ,已有实测结果可以为施工方案调整提供依据。通过实际案例 ,检验模型的可行性 ,表明过程控制模型较极限变形策略更具可操作性     

Predicting posttraumatic growth in breast cancer survivors.

Wide variability exists with respect to how breast cancer survivors respond to common psychological and psychosocial challenges of their disease, ranging from posttraumatic stress disorder to posttraumatic growth. This cross-sectional study examined contextual, disease-related, and intraindividual predictors of posttraumatic growth in 224 randomly selected breast cancer survivors. A series of hierarchical regression analyses found that age at diagnosis, marital status, employment, education, perceived intensity of disease, and active coping accounted for 34%, 35%, and 28% of the variance in growth in relationships with others, new possibilities, and appreciation for life. These findings suggest that a more comprehensive model of growth will be helpful in understanding the various factors that play a role in breast cancer survivors' perception of psychological and psychosocial growth. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)