Data collection and assessment of commonly consumed foods and recipes in six geo-political zones in Nigeria: Important for the development of a National Food Composition Database and Dietary Assessment

A cross-sectional study was undertaken to collect and assess commonly consumed foods/recipes from the six geopolitical zones in Nigeria for the production of food composition database (FCDB) for dietary assessment. Communities used were selected using a multi-stage sampling plan. Focus group discussions, interviews, recipe documentation, food preparations and literature reviews were employed. Qualitative methods were used to analyse and present data. SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) analysis was used to evaluate the project. A total of 322 recipes were collected out of which 110 were soups. Food consumption patterns across the geographical zones were found to be changing. Variations in recipes and methods of preparation of similar foods were observed. Factors to be considered in the development of a country-specific FCDB were identified. There were challenges with the use of values reported in literature for Nigerian foods. The study justifies the need for a country-specific FCDB that will include traditional recipes.     

Effects of depressive symptoms on health behavior practices among older adults with vision loss.

Objective: The authors examined the interface between visual impairment and depressive symptoms on health behaviors, self-care, and social participation among adults ages 65 and older. Method: The authors analyzed data from the 1997–2004 National Health Interview Survey on visual impairment and depressive symptoms for 49,278 adults ages 65 and older, comparing visually impaired adults (n = 8,787) with and without depressive symptoms with a reference group of adults with neither condition (n = 3,136) for outcome measures: physical health, health behaviors, and difficulties with self-care and social participation. Results: Adults with visual impairment and severe depressive symptoms were more likely than adults with neither condition to smoke (14.9%, adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.6), be obese (28.2%, AOR = 1.9), be physically inactive (80.5%, AOR = 3.0), have fair–poor health (76.0%, AOR = 26.5), and have difficulties with self-care (27.9%, AOR = 11.8) and social participation (52.1%, AOR = 10.9). Discussion and Conclusions: Older visually impaired adults with depressive symptoms are vulnerable to health decline and further disablement without timely interventions that target smoking cessation, healthy eating, and increased physical activity. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

一种领域概念非分类关系的获取方法

领域概念非分类关系的获取是本体学习的一项重要任务,提出了一种基于非监督学习的非分类关系自动获取方法。该方法首先通过关联规则获取特定领域概念对,然后将概念对之间的高频动词作为候选的非分类关系标签,接着利用VF*ICF度量法来确定非分类关系标签,最后通过对数似然比评估方法将得到的非分类关系标签分配给对应的领域概念对。实验结果表明该方法可以有效提高非分类关系抽取的准确率和召回率。     

KDP晶体全外围夹持方案理论分析

在超大超薄KDP晶体紧密装校过程中,由于夹持力与重力作用,导致晶体面形发生形变.本文提出了KDP晶体全外围夹持方案,并对KDP晶体垂直状态下的各种受力模型进行应变分析.理论分析结果表明:对称支撑与均匀施力对晶体面形影响较大;当满足对称支撑和均匀施力的情况下,上侧面四个胶钉施力小于25N时,能够满足在线物理实验要求.     

齐聚体法三聚氰胺-甲醛气凝胶的制备与表征

以分子量为432的齐聚体甲氧基聚氧亚甲基蜜胺为原料,正丁醇为溶剂,经过溶胶-凝胶、超临界干燥制得MF气凝胶。与制备三聚氰胺-甲醛(MF)气凝胶的单体法相比,齐聚体法具有制备周期短、操作简易等优点。采用SEM、BET、FT-IR、TGA对样品进行表征,结果表明,齐聚体法与单体法相比,化学结构与热稳定性保持一致,比表面积有所增大,形貌优良,粒径和孔径分布比单体法更加均匀。     

ICF实验中散射光角分布测量的数据分析系统

简要阐述了一个用旋转椭球镜和照相底片一次曝光获得激光惯性约束聚变实验中的散射光角分布信息的实验方法,介绍了其实验数据的分析处理方法并给出误差分析。     

DT冷冻靶分层技术进展

为了实现ICF点火,制备均匀的高密度DT燃料靶,克服DT燃料自身重力对靶内DT燃料分布不均匀的影响,使用β自分层、IR增强及等离子体增强分层技术是当今国外常见的技术手段。较详细地介绍了β自分层、IR增强及等离子体增强分层技术的基本原理、影响分层质量的主要因素及难点、分层装置的简单结构示意图。     

二极管泵浦固体激光器研究的一些新进展

对用于材料加工和惯性约束聚变的二极管泵浦固体激光器近年来研究工作的一些进展作了评述和分析。     

大口径光学元件透射率全口径检测系统研究

提出了利用双光束分光光度和扩束系统相结合方法实现光学元件透射率全口径检测,建立了相应的检测系统,通过实验对系统的透射率检测精度进行分析和验证。结果表明,系统透射率检测精度优于±0.05%,并具有很好的重复性,能够用于ICF系统中大口径光学元件透射率的高精度、全口径检测。     

Condensed Atomic Hydrogen as a Possible Target in Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF)

H atom Rydberg matter (RM) in excitation state n = 1 is concluded to be a form of metallic hydrogen [Badiei S, Holmlid L (2004) J Phys Condens Matter 16:7017]. This material can be produced at low pressure. This condensed form of hydrogen may be very useful as a dense hydrogen inertial confinement fusion (ICF) target, being almost metallic and ten times denser than solid (frozen) diatomic hydrogen used at present. Coulomb explosions and plasma formation are initiated in condensed atomic hydrogen even by relatively weak nanosecond pulsed lasers. The protons emitted with high directivity in these explosions are energetic, corresponding to T = 10⁵ K, and they may be utilized to give strong compression of the material. The fastest protons observed at up to 1 keV indicate a compression considerably higher than that required for “fast ignition” fusion.