洛河大桥钢梁焊接工艺研究

针对洛河大桥加固钢梁所用的Q345qE钢进行焊接分析和研究,对各种焊接接头和焊接方法进行了焊接工艺评定试验,确定其预热温度和焊接工艺.各项性能试验结果表明,所用焊接材料匹配合适,焊接工艺参数合理,各项力学性能指标满足设计和相关规范要求,不但提高了焊接接头的低温冲击韧性,还有效保证了韧强比,使产品焊接接头有良好的抗脆断性...     

折叠箱内铰链铸钢件的材质研制与生产

折叠箱内铰链是折叠箱中较关键的部件,一直采用钢板割焊生产,材料利用率低,工序多,成本高.为提高生产效率,降低成本,折叠箱生产厂家决定采用铸造方法生产.根据内铰链的工况要求,需开发出一种低成本、高屈服强度的焊接结构钢生产内铰链.参照焊接结构钢化学成分的要求,设计较低的贵重金属Cr、M0、Cu含量,并通过870℃油淬及580℃的回火热处理,材料达到了折叠箱内铰链铸钢件的要求,即焊接性能好,屈服强度≥390MPa,而且有较好的韧性.生产加工后的内铰链铸件产品完全满足使用要求,内铰链的生产完全可以由铸件生产代替钢板割焊生产.     

多元低合金耐磨钢的热处理工艺

研究了一种新型Mn-Cr-Mo-Ni-Cu-RE多元低合金耐磨钢的热处理工艺,利用热膨胀实验测量试验钢的Ae1、Ac3、Ms、Mf等相变温度,借助光学显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜等手段,研究了钢的显微组织和断口形貌,测量力学性能,考察热处理工艺对钢的力学性能的影响.研究结果表明,试验钢的相变温度为Ac1=770℃、Ac3=820℃、Ms=340℃、Mf=265℃,经900℃淬火及230℃回火后获得贝／马氏体复相组织,试验钢具有良好的综合力学性能、高强度和高韧性,其硬度达到HRC 52,冲击韧度αKU达到40 J·cm-2.     

镍和硅对低温高韧性球墨铸铁耐蚀性能的影响

通过模拟海水静态全浸腐蚀试验,研究了镍和硅对低温高韧性球墨铸铁的耐蚀性能的影响.结果表明:在硅量一定时,腐蚀速率随镍量的增加而降低;在镍量一定时,腐蚀速率随硅量的增加而降低.在所设计的成分范围内,低温高韧性球墨铸铁的腐蚀速率都小于0.1g·m-2· h-1,属于1级耐蚀等级.当Si量为2.46％,Ni量为1.74％时,在3.5％NaCl腐蚀液中的腐蚀速率最低为0.042 86 g·m-2·h-1.     

Essential work of fracture of low‐filled poly(methyl methacrylate)/starch composites

In this study, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/starch composites were prepared by a simple solvent casting method. The morphologies of the PMMA/starch composites were studied by scanning electron microscopy. The intermolecular interaction between PMMA and starch was investigated with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The thermal properties of the PMMA/starch composites were compared with those of the pure PMMA sample. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the thermal stability increased as the starch content increased in the composites. The biodegradability of the PMMA/starch composites was studied with a soil burial test. The degradability was measured in terms of mechanical strength, which increased as the starch content increased. The essential work of fracture (EWF) of the PMMA/starch composite films was investigated by the application of EWF theory under in‐plane (mode I) conditions, and we found that the toughness, in terms of the EWF of composites, increased compared to that of pure PMMA. The fracture of the composites was also evaluated by ANSYS software, and the results were compared to the experimental output. The increased toughness of these PMMA/starch composites may enable their application in the automobile and packaging industries. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

Polyoxymethylene/thermoplastic polyurethane blends compatibilized with multifunctional chain extender

Novel compatibilized polyoxymethylene/thermoplastic polyurethane (POM/TPU) blends are successfully developed using multifunctional chain extender, Joncryl ADR‐4368, as the compatibilizer. The outstanding compatibilization efficiency of Joncryl on POM/TPU blend was demonstrated by its even higher mechanical properties with only 0.5 wt % of Joncryl than those with 5 wt % of three commonly used compatibilizers. Addition of only 0.5 wt % Joncryl can double the impact strength and significantly improve its tensile strength and flexural strength for POM/TPU (75/25) blend. SEM images show that Joncryl can reduce TPU particle size and enhance the interfacial interactions between POM and TPU. The interparticle distance of TPU in POM/TPU/Joncryl blends was calculated as 0.2 μm, quite close to the critical matrix ligament thickness of POM/TPU blends (0.18 μm). The impact force profile vividly shows that the addition of Joncyl in POM/TPU blends can dramatically increase the total impact energy absorbed by this blend system and enhance the interfacial interactions between POM and TPU. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

Analysis of the Symmetrical 90°-peel Test with Extensive Plastic Deformation

A numerical 2-D study of the symmetrical 90°-peel test (a similar geometry to the T-peel test) in which extensive plastic deformation occurs in the adherends is presented in this paper. A traction-separation relation is used to simulate failure of the interface, and the conditions for both crack initiation and steady-state crack growth are investigated. The numerical predictions for the steady-state peel force are compared with those based on elementary beam theory. It is shown that two competing effects dominate the mechanics of the peel test to such an extent that the results of beam-bending analyses cannot be used to predict the peel force. At one extreme range of parameters, delamination is driven by shear rather than by bending, resulting in a lower peel force than would be predicted by beam-bending analyses. At the other extreme, where delamination is bending-dominated, the constraint induced by the interfacial tractions cause an increase in the peel force. The numerical results are compared with the results of experiments in which adhesively-bonded specimens are tested in the symmetrical 90°-peel configuration. Excellent agreement between the numerical and experimental results validates the numerical approach.     

低合金钢板条组织中影响低温韧性的“有效晶粒尺寸”

采用OM,SEM,TEM及EBSD等方法,对低合金钢板条组织的精细组织结构进行了研究,并测试了不同热处理条件下试验钢的低温韧性。研究过程中,从晶体学、亚单元对性能的定量影响规律、解理裂纹扩展路径的实际观察等3个方面分别研究控制低温韧性的"有效晶粒尺寸"。几个不同方面的研究结果均表明,板条块(block)是决定低合金钢板条组织低温韧性的最小亚单元,即板条块尺寸是影响低温韧性的"有效晶粒尺寸"。     

高层建筑用Q390GJD-Z25钢板冲击韧性研究

通过对Q390GJD-Z25钢板冲击韧性进行分析,研究了取样方式、试验条件对钢板冲击功的影响。结果表明,钢板厚度方向1/2处的贝氏体组织对低温冲击韧性有明显的影响,焊接接头热影响区的组织不均匀性可恶化钢板的冲击韧性。     

改善工程机械用型钢冲击韧性的实践

为解决高强度高韧性工程机械用型钢质量波动的问题,研究了钢种成分、夹杂物、魏氏组织等对低温冲击韧性的影响。采取适当降低锰和钒含量、使用铝脱氧及整体塞棒包全保护浇铸等措施,并对铸坯加热制度等进行了优化。优化后的产品性能及稳定性显著提高,一次检验合格率100%,屈服强度平均461MPa,抗拉强度平均602MPa,断后伸长率平均22%,-5℃冲击值平均61J,金相组织中魏氏组织基本消除,晶粒度7.5~8.0级。