应用决策集选播模式的SIP测控网络负载均衡策略

针对目前单优化目标选播模式容易导致负载发生新的不均衡问题,建立了SIP测控网络平台并分析其选播机理。采用网络层选播和应用层选播综合的方式,提出了最优决策集选播的负载均衡策略。选播目标为一个集合,包含多个满足要求的服务器,以避免蜂拥抢占服务器资源的情况发生;建立SIP测控网络最优决策集选播数学模型,采用证据理论决策选播目标权重,从而产生最优决策集。在OPNET仿真环境下,搭建SIP测控网络平台进行实验,结果表明最优决策集选播模式比单优化目标选播模式的服务器占用资源不均衡率降低了31%,能够很好地将负载均衡到各个服务器中,并减少了单个服务器处理多进程需要的额外资源开销。     

Influence of second phase particles on initial electrochemical properties of AA7010-T76

The initial behavior of the open-circuit potential of differently prepared AA7010 samples was investigated using conventional immersion experiments and microcapillary experiments. For macroscopic samples a strong increase of the open-circuit potential can be observed, which is due to selective magnesium dissolution from the Mg₂Si phase leaving a remnant silicon oxide particle. This silicon oxide particle is smaller than the initial Mg₂Si phase and thus a micro-crevice is formed, being the initiation site of localized corrosion of the surrounding matrix. Optical micrographs, SEM and EDX confirm this interpretation of the open-circuit potential behavior.     

Economic evaluation of energy conservation projects with an emphasis on initiation time

A procedure for assessing the economic viability of an energy conservation project integrated with building installation has been investigated in previous works. In the present work, a method is developed for economic evaluation of energy conservation projects, which may initiate independence of building construction. A model for optimization of the initiation time has been developed, and the conditions to determine economic feasibility are derived. It was found that the break-even value of the annual energy saved for $1 investment may significantly increase with even a moderate decrease in the expected real investment cost. This break-even value is always greater than the corresponding one found in the building integrated case. The difference increased with an increase in expected fuel inflation rate and also with a decrease in expected investment cost.     

A performance study for IPv4–IPv6 translation in IP multimedia core network subsystem

A Next Generation Network (NGN) is an advanced, packet‐based network that exploits broadband and QoS‐enabled transport technologies for enabling multimedia services. In NGNs, the principles and requirements of IP Multimedia Sub‐system (IMS), which are used to deliver the desired benefits, should be carefully examined and studied. Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) is adopted by Third‐generation Partnership Project (3GPP) to solve address storage problem and provide new features (e.g. plug‐and‐play and mobility) for IMS. However, in the early stage of IPv6 deployment, the existing Voice‐over‐IP (VoIP) networks support Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) only. For IPv4–IPv6 interworking between IMS and the existing VoIP networks, the IMS‐Application Level Gateway (IMS‐ALG) and the Transition Gateway (TrGW) are proposed to translate Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) and Real‐time Transport Protocol (RTP) packets, respectively. In this paper, we focus on the IPv4–IPv6 translation for RTP packets, which is the bottleneck of VoIP performance. Specifically, we developed a TrGW called National Information and Communications Initiative (NICI)‐TrGW. In NICI‐TrGW, we perform IPv4–IPv6 translation at the Linux kernel and adjust the header room of kernel‐level packet buffer for each packet to reduce memory‐copy operations. We evaluate the performance of NICI‐TrGW and the existing solutions by using the SmartBits. Our study indicates that NICI‐TrGW outperforms the existing solutions in terms of three different output measures including packet loss rate, maximum throughput, and average latency. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Evaluation of the Energy Fluence in the Small Scale Gap Test

The Small Scale Gap Test is a relatively simple experimental tool to obtain a measure of the shock sensitivity of explosives. An evaluation of this test is carried out with use of a computer simulation. The simulated pressures in the water gap compare to experimental data and justify the obtained energy fluence in the shock wave versus distance in the water gap. The initiating shock pulse can be represented by an equivalent planar shock with an effective diameter of only 15 mm and a pulse duration of ≈1 µs. For the type of explosives that show some non‐ideal behavior and that have a relatively large critical diameter, the initiation pressure might provide an inadequate value for the shock sensitivity. It is recommended that besides using a critical shock pressure criterion also a critical energy fluence criterion is applied to rank the shock sensitivity of explosives.     

Production and Sensitivity Evaluation of Nanocrystalline RDX‐based Explosive Compositions

The initiation sensitivity of cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX) was investigated as a function of crystal size. For this study, RDX powders with mean crystal sizes of ca. 200 and 500 nm were prepared by rapid expansion of supercritical solutions (RESS) with carbon dioxide as the solvent. Initiation sensitivity testing to impact, sustained shock, and electrostatic discharge stimuli was performed on uncoated as well as wax‐coated specimens. The test data revealed that in a direct comparison to coarser grades the nanocrystalline RDX‐based samples were substantially less sensitive to shock and impact stimuli. Furthermore, the 500 nm RDX‐based specimens exhibited the lowest sensitivity values, an indication that minima in shock and impact sensitivities with respect to crystal size exist.     

Defects caused by precipitation of in liquid copper–nickel–aluminium–bronze alloys dissolved carbon and removal by treatment of melt

Castings made of copper–nickel–aluminium bronze (CuAl₁₀Fe₅Ni₅) alloys regularly show defects in the thick, slowly solidifying parts of the castings, which give rise to rejections. Metallographic examination has been made on material of scrap castings showing porosity accompanied with film-like inclusions located beside the iron rich κ_II phases. Investigations of large failed cast structures of copper–nickel–aluminium bronze show the same characteristic defects on which fatigue cracks initiate and grow. Investigation has been made to the nature and the cause of appearance of the film-like inclusions. Microanalysis indicates a high intensity of carbon at the place of the film-like inclusions. Hereafter, an investigation has been made into the solubility of carbon in liquid copper–nickel–aluminium bronze, and it is found that besides hydrogen, also carbon is soluble in copper–nickel–aluminium bronze alloys. The appearance of the carbon as flakes in the fracture surface of materials with defects does suspect there is a nucleating effect on the formation of microporosity causing the defects. To prevent the formation of the casting defects by the interaction between solved hydrogen and carbon, it is necessary to remove the carbon as far as possible by treatment of the melt.     

氧化还原引发乳液聚合单体水溶性与动力学之间的关系

本文研究了以过硫酸钾／焦亚硫酸钠为氧化还原引发体系，在苯乙烯、醋酸乙烯酯为具体单体的乳液聚合中，单体水溶性与动力学之间的关系。通过实验考察了聚合温度、搅拌速率、电解质浓度对聚合反应转化率～时间关系的影响，并讨论了单体水溶性、自由基水相反应和聚合速率等之间的内在联系。同时得出该氧化还原引发下苯乙烯和醋酸乙烯酯体系的表观活化能分别为４７．０６ｋｊ／ｍｏｌ和约７０ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ。     

46700m~2楼房一次爆破拆除

东北汽配城为框架结构,总建筑面积46700m2,周边环境非常复杂。该建筑物共有260根柱子,断面尺寸不尽相同。按建筑伸缩缝将楼房分为5个部分,分别采用了原地坍塌、定向倾倒、折叠倾倒一次控制爆破技术,并将土石方爆破的斜线起爆技术用于拆除爆破。由于爆破设计、施工及安全措施得当,爆破获得圆满成功。     

固移无线网络融合实现技术浅析

FMC是当前运营商应对市场竞争的有效手段,是电信网络未来的发展方向,也是备受业界关注的热点话题。本文介绍了业内普遍认可的两种FMC实现方式UMA(Unlicensed Mobile Access,非授权移动接入)和IMS(IP Multimedia Subsystem,IP多媒体子系统),特别提到了SIP(Session Initiation Protocol,初始会话协议)信令协议,对每种实现方式架构、原理、优缺点进行探讨,并总结了FMC实现方式未来的技术发展趋势。