HSK-100A型刀柄／主轴联接性能分析

将机床主轴与刀具相联接的刀柄是影响机床加工精度、刀具磨损及加工效率的关键部件。针对高速切削对刀柄的要求,建立了HSK-100A型刀柄的三维实体模型,同时利用有限元方法,对影响HSK-100A型刀柄／主轴联接性能的参数进行了分析,为HSK刀柄的实际应用提供一定的依据及指导。     

Pure and Ni2O3-decorated CeO2 nanoparticles applied as CO gas sensor: Experimental and theoretical insights

In the present work, the structural, morphological and electrical properties of CeO₂ nanoparticles with spherical and rod-like morphologies and rods decorated with Ni₂O₃ were investigated. Morphological, structural and electronic analyses showed a relationship between the shape/size of particles and the respective surface types, number of carriers, density of vacancies and local structural atomic order, in addition to an influence on the electrical properties of the materials. Electrical analyses revealed that the rod-like morphology has a better CO sensor response than the spherical one. In order to complement and rationalize the experimental findings, simulations at the density functional theory (DFT) were carried out to investigate the two possible mechanisms (Langmuir?Hinshelwood and Mars-Van Krevelen) acting on the CO adsorption process and elucidate the behavior of the sensor in heterojunction-type samples.     

Artificial intelligence algorithms for predicting peak shear strength of clayey soil-geomembrane interfaces and experimental validation

The peak shear strength of clayey soil-geomembrane interfaces is a vital parameter for the design of relevant engineering infrastructure. However, due to the large number of influence factors and the complex action mechanism, accurate prediction of the peak shear strength for clayey soil-geomembrane interfaces is always a challenge. In this paper, a machine learning model was established by combining Mind Evolutionary Algorithm (MEA) and the ensemble algorithm of Adaptive Boosting Algorithm (ADA)-Back Propagation Artificial Neural Network (BPANN) to predict the peak shear strength of clayey soil-geomembrane interfaces based on the results of 623 laboratory interface direct shear experiments. By comparing with the conventional machine learning algorithms, including Particle Swarm Optimisation Algorithm (PSO) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) tuned ADA-BPANN, MEA tuned Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Forest (RF), the superior performance of MEA tuned ADA-BPANN has been validated, with higher predicting precision, shorter training time, and the avoidance of local optimum and overfitting. By adopting the proposed novel model, sensitivity analysis was carried out, which indicates that normal pressure has the largest influence on the peak shear strength, followed by geomembrane roughness. Furthermore, an analytical equation was proposed to assess the peak shear strength that allows the usage of machine learning skills for the practitioners with limited machine learning knowledge. The present research highlights the potential of the MEA tuned ADA-BPANN model as a useful tool to assist in preciously estimating the peak shear strength of clayey soil-geomembrane interfaces, which can provide benefits for the design of relevant engineering applications.     

Titanium nitride diffusion barrier for copper metallization on gallium arsenide

The diffusion properties of Cu, Cu/titanium nitride (TiN) and Cu/TiN/Ti metallization on GaAs, including as-deposited film and others annealed at 350-550 °C, were investigated and compared. Data obtained from X-ray diffractometry, resistivity measurements, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometer and Auger electron spectroscopy indicated that in the as-deposited Cu/GaAs structure, copper diffused into GaAs substrate, and a diffusion barrier was required to block the fast diffusion. For the Cu/TiN/GaAs structure, the columnar grain structure of TiN films provided paths for diffusion at higher temperatures above 450 °C. The Cu/TiN/Ti films on GaAs substrate were very stable up to 550 °C without any interfacial interaction. These results show that a TiN/Ti composite film forms a good diffusion barrier for copper metallization with GaAs.     

A heterostructured SnO2–TiO2 thin film prepared by Langmuir–Blodgett technique

SnO₂–TiO₂ heterostructure films were prepared through Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) route. LB films of octadecyl amine (ODA)–titanyl oxalate multilayer deposited on Si (100) and decomposed at 600 °C showed rutile and anatase phases of ultrathin TiO₂ film. Subsequently, multilayer LB film of ODA–stannate deposited on the pre deposited TiO₂ film after decomposition at 600 °C resulted in thin SnO₂ films on the TiO₂ thin film. The phase analysis of the SnO₂–TiO₂ film showed cassiterite phase of SnO₂ as well as the rutile/anatase mixture of TiO₂ indicating a SnO₂–TiO₂ heterostructured film. Surface morphology of the pure TiO₂ film and SnO₂–TiO₂ film were analyzed by using AFM. Electrical characterization by AC impedance analysis suggested SnO₂–TiO₂ heterostructure formation. DC current voltage measurement showed increase in photocurrent indicating visible light absorption and efficient charge separation under the sunlight type radiation.     

Measurement of Interface Free Energy in Polypropylene/Ethylene–Propylene Rubber Blends

Measurement of between ethylene–propylene rubber (EPR) and polypropylene (PP) is an important research subject in the study of rubber toughened PP. When the ethylene content in EPR is low, the EPR and the PP phases become optically indistinguishable due to their similar refractive indexes, and thus the measurements of interface free energy by conventional methods are impossible. In this study, we devised a new experimental technique that enables measurement of the interface free energy between two polymers having similar refractive indexes. When small amount of inorganic additives are incorporated to the PP phase, interface between PP and EPR phases are clearly seen and the measurements become attainable. Using the suggested method, the interface free energy between EPR and PPs were obtained and presented. Four different PPs were investigated, homo PP and three random PPs that contain small amounts of ethylene unit ranging from 1 to 3 wt%. It was found that the interface free energy decrease as the ethylene content in the PPs increases and the effect of the ethylene content on the interface free energy is unexpectedly large.     

Development of Materials Integration Strategies for Electroceramic Film-Based Devices Via Complementary In Situ and Ex Situ Studies of Film Growth and Interface Processes

We review our studies of film growth and interface processes performed using complementary in situ and ex situ characterization techniques that provide valuable information critical to the development of materials integration strategies for the fabrication of electroceramic film-based devices. Specifically, we review our work performed using in situ time-of-flight ion scattering and recoil spectroscopy (TOF-ISARS) / X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) / spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE), in conjunction with ex situ TEM and other techniques to study film growth and interface processes critical to the fabrication of non-volatile ferroelectric memories (NVFRAMs), dynamic random access memories (DRAMs), and high frequency devices based on high-K thin films. TOF-ISARS involves three distinct but closely related experimental methods, namely: ion scattering spectroscopy, direct recoil spectroscopy and mass spectroscopy of recoiled ions, which provide monolayer-specific information on film growth and surface segregation processes. Spectroscopic Ellipsometry enables investigation of buried interfaces. XPS provides valuable information on the chemistry of surface and interfaces. Specifically, we discuss: a) studies of oxidation of Ti-Al layers and synthesis and properties of La 0.5 Sr 0.5 CoO 9 /Ti-Al heterostructured layers for integration of PZT capacitors with Si substrates, and b) studies of BaSr x Ti 1 m x O 3 layer integration with Si substrates relevant to DRAMs, high frequency devices and high-K gate oxides for integrated circuits. This review shows the power of combined in situ / ex situ analytical techniques to provide valuable information for material integration strategies for electroceramic thin film-based devices.     

Finding a Clear Path: Structuring Strategies for Visualization Sequences

Little is known about how people structure sets of visualizations to support sequential viewing. We contribute findings from several studies examining visualization sequencing and reception. In our first study, people made decisions between various possible structures as they ordered a set of related visualizations (consisting of either bar charts or thematic maps) into what they considered the clearest sequence for showing the data. We find that most people structure visualization sequences hierarchically: they create high level groupings based on shared data properties like time period, measure, level of aggregation, and spatial region, then order the views within these groupings. We also observe a tendency for certain types of similarities between views, like a common spatial region or aggregation level, to be seen as more appropriate categories for organizing views in a sequence than others, like a common time period or measure. In a second study, we find that viewers’ perceptions of the quality and intention of different sequences are largely consistent with the perceptions of the users who created them. The understanding of sequence preferences and perceptions that emerges from our studies has implications for the development of visualization authoring tools and sequence recommendations for guided analysis.     

Social networks’ unnoticed influence on body image in Spanish university students

The influence of advertising on social networks and its effect on young people’s self-image has been studied. This study first explored the frequency of published videos reposted on social networks using different Application Programming Interfaces as search engines. The study also implemented self-valuation surveys assessed by experts and distributed among mental health professionals who assessed the influence of these social networks. Finally, the survey was designed regarding social networks and body assessment and distributed among Córdoba university students (N = 328). The majority of health professionals concluded that there is an elevated influence of social networks on eating disorders, assessing advertising as a risk factor with a value of 4.60 out of 5. Young people’s perceptions of their body image indicate that women’s degree of satisfaction is highly correlated with the frequency of their connections to social networks, with the body image those women present and with the effect of advertising. Conversely, this high correlation and influence does not exist in men.