Dual Coating Laser Cladding of NiCrBSi and Inconel 718

This paper presents an alternative approach to obtaining crack- and pore-free NiCrBSiFeCuMoC hard coatings on a low alloy steel substrate through coaxial laser cladding, by using Inconel 718 as a buffer layer between the hard coating and the base material. The presence of the buffer layer reduces the overall cracking susceptibility of the hardfacing material by reducing the compressive stresses developed during the cladding process and ensuring a more uniform heat distribution gradient at the surface of the material than the base metal alone, which provides an additional hardness and wear coefficient increase of 7% and improves the corrosion resistance of the obtained materials by 20%, in comparison with the reference sample obtained without an intermediate layer, by using the same operational parameters and minimizes elemental dilution with the substrate. Our method could prove useful in increasing the quality and life cycle of expensive high-performance hard-coated materials, especially those working under demanding operational and environmental conditions.     

NiCo/Cu多层膜的巨磁电阻与磁光克尔效应

本文对用射频磁控溅射方法制备的NiCo／Cu多层膜的层间耦合与磁光克尔效应的内在关联性进行了研究。发现巨磁电阻比与磁光克尔角的幅值1/2随Cu层厚度作同步振荡。其磁光振荡可主要归结于层间耦合引起的铁磁层中电子的光和磁光跃迁的变化。     

Pyroelectric properties and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic study of R.F. magnetron-sputtering-derived PZT thin films deposited on various interlayers

PZT thin films and interlayers were fabricated by the radio frequency (r.f.) Magnetron-sputtering from the Pb_1.1Zr_0.53Ti_0.47O₃, PbO and TiO₂ target. As a result of the XPS depth profile analysis, we can confirm that the substrate temperature affects the oxidation condition of each element of interlayers and the PZT film. Compared to the PZT/Pt structure, the dielectric and pyroelectric properties of PZT thin films inserted by interlayers were measured to a relatively high value. In particular, the PZT/PbO structure had the highest pyroelectric properties (P = 189.4 μC/cm²K; F _D = 12.7×10⁻⁶ Pa^−1/2; F _V = 0.018 m²/C).     

High performance films of cellulose butyral derivative having a necklace-like annular structure in the side chains

We fabricated high performance films using cellulose butyral (CB) synthesized from native cellulose. Two-step reactions were adopted to produce the derivative CB, including etherification of cellulose with glycidol in NaOH/urea aqueous solution to yield O-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl) cellulose (DHPC), and butyralization of DHPC. Both DHPC and CB products were easily processed into a thin film by hot-press molding. The butyral modifier significantly improved the tenacity of highly ductile DHPC, by virtue of the possible chain-entangling action of the ring structures in the stretching process. Thereby the film toughness was markedly enhanced. The CB films exhibited excellent optical transparency and a good adhesive property to glass plates. Thus the films may be comparable to commercial poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) films in optical and mechanical performances and therefore possess a potential applicability as interlayer for laminated glasses.     

基于群体智慧的软件开发间层模型及其架构实现

减少或者避免重复劳动是应对软件危机的一个重要方法.对软件重用技术进行研究,以避免重复劳动为目标,提出利用群体智慧的间层模型来试图解决软件危机问题.提出的柠檬框架是间层模型的一个实现,具有一定的实用性.同时柠檬框架也是正在进行的一个项目.     

十红滩铀矿床有机地球化学特征及与铀成矿作用

十红滩铀矿床属层间氧化带砂岩型铀矿床,赋存于中侏罗统西山窑组含煤碎屑岩中。容矿层岩石中富含有机质,有机碳、可溶有机物、酸解吸附烃在不同地球化学分带的岩石中含量大小不同,尤以氧化还原过渡带含量最高。矿石有机质母质类型为腐殖型,处于未成熟演化阶段,酸解吸附烃为煤成气型。统计计算表明:容矿层中铀和可溶有机物、酸解吸附烃含量之间具明显的相关关系。分析了有机质在砂岩型铀矿床形成过程中的作用,认为容矿层中有机质在含氧环境下分解的产物利于铀在水中的溶解和迁移,而在缺氧条件下分解的产物,构成铀沉淀的还原和吸附地球化学障,在铀的成矿过程中发挥重要的作用。     

Finite element analysis on local yield map and critical maximum contact pressure for yielding in hard coating with an interlayer under sliding contact

Micro-crack in the hard coating initiates usually from the local yield position. To prevent the crack to occur, the most important criterion is to satisfy the condition that the von Mises stress is less than the yield strength of material. In this paper, the local yield map showing the yielding position are introduced by using the finite element method and the criterion. The critical maximum contact pressures for yielding at the different positions were calculated by using the coating thickness, friction coefficient and the yield strength, where a critical range of yield strength ratio for the transition of yielding positions was found for 0.40.5. When the yield strength ratio is less than the range, yielding initiates from the interlayer and when the ratio is larger than the range, yielding initiates at the surface for high friction coefficient and in the base for low friction coefficient.     

Composite beam–columns with interlayer slip—Approximate analysis

An approximate second order analysis procedure for composite beam–columns with interlayer slip subjected to transverse loading and axial compressive loads is developed. The magnification factors to be applied to the first order solutions in order to estimate the deflections and internal forces obtained by the second order analysis approach are presented. The method of applying magnification factors to internal axial forces is discussed. The approximate second order analysis procedure is developed for the four Euler cases with various transverse load conditions. The procedure is applied to and the accuracy is illustrated for simply supported partially beam–columns of steel and concrete, and timber and concrete with different bending stiffness and interlayer slip properties. The deflections and internal forces obtained by the approximate method compared extremely well, except for slip forces in case of very flexible shear connectors, with those obtained by the more rigorous second order analysis approach for different composite action (partial interaction) parameters (shear connector stiffness values). The study also shows that the magnification factor associated with the deflections can be utilized to estimate also the internal actions, except shear forces in case of very flexible shear connectors, in the second order case with minimal error for simply supported beam–columns. Thus, for members with shear connector stiffness of structural significance the proposed approximate method can be used in general for simply supported beam–columns. For other boundary and loading conditions, the approximate method needs to be re-evaluated. The approach of using one magnification factor greatly simplifies the analysis task for those components.     

依坡就势,兼容并蓄——邵阳学院体育教学中心设计理念

高校体育建筑兼有文化性和时代性,它既要强调文化传统和校园文脉,又要体现体育建筑的时代特色。建筑设计应注重简洁、朴实和高品格,而不在于材料、装修的豪华及过分做作的造型。本案设计将定位于突出高校体育建筑特殊性以区别公共体育建筑,体现其实用性、兼容性与高效性,同时应节约土地和成本,充分利用建筑空间,营造宜人的校园氛围。     

Control of nano-sized interlayer space of lamellar vanadyl benzylphosphate

Nano-sized interlayer space of lamellar vanadyl benzylphosphate was controlled by water content in starting solution. Depending on the water content, three types of lamellar vanadyl benzylphosphate having basal spacings of 1.4 nm, 1.9 nm and 2.3 nm were obtained. It was suggested that the difference in the concentrations of benzyl and hydroxyl groups in the interlayer leads to the variation of the interlayer space.