油剂废水的焚烧处理

化纤生产企业每天会产生一定量的油剂废水,由于油剂废水COD含量较高且含有大量不易生化处理的成分,进入公司污水处理站进行处理,不仅难度大,而且对污水站的稳定运行产生较大的冲击。废水高温焚烧是较为有效的处理方式。对原有导热油锅炉(煤炉)进行油剂废水焚烧装置改造,可以有效处理油剂废水,达到了既环保又节能的效果。     

碳纤维增强聚醚醚酮的非等温结晶行为与力学性能

利用聚酰亚胺(PI)作为碳纤维(CF)界面改性剂,制备了界面改性碳纤维增强聚醚醚酮(MCF/PEEK)复合材料。采用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)讨论了CF及其界面改性对PEEK非等温结晶行为的影响机制与作用规律,并基于莫志深法研究了MCF/PEEK的非等温结晶动力学;借助DSC和小角X射线散射仪(SAXS)表征不同降温速率下PEEK基体的结晶结构,采用万能试验机评价了MCF/PEEK的力学性能。结果发现:CF对PEEK的结晶有较为明显的异相成核促进作用,经过PI界面改性之后成核作用有所下降,但结晶行为仍较纯PEEK更容易发生,整体结晶速率更快;随冷却速率的增大,基体结晶度、片晶厚度与长周期均减小,MCF/PEEK的拉伸强度与模量也显著减小,层间断裂韧性提高。     

Cu-SSZ-13分子筛的表面改性及其MTO反应性能

以廉价Cu-TEPA为模板剂合成Cu-SSZ-13分子筛,分别采用氯化铵和稀硝酸溶液对Cu-SSZ-13分子筛进行改性,制得几种甲醇制烯烃(MTO)催化剂。采用X射线衍射、X射线荧光分析、电感等离子体耦合质谱、87 K氩吸附、NH 3程序升温脱附和H 2程序升温还原等对催化剂结构进行表征,在微型固定床反应器中评价其MTO反应性能。结果表明,采用氯化铵溶液和稀硝酸溶液交换结合会降低催化剂中CuO及方沸石杂晶含量;使Cu-SSZ-13分子筛同时降低Na及Cu元素含量,获得更大的比表面积和适宜的酸强度及酸量,在MTO反应中有更长的催化寿命和更高的低碳烯烃选择性;Cu-SSZ-13分子筛的改性方式、比表面积、表面酸量、表面Cu的分布状态与催化性能密切相关。     

聚丙烯固相接枝的研究及应用进展

综述了聚丙烯(PP)固相接枝技术的研究进展,重点介绍了固相接枝的机理及分类,讨论了一些主要因素如引发剂,辐射或预辐射剂量,光敏剂和光照时间对接枝率的影响,并简要介绍了聚丙烯接枝物的应用前景和固相接枝设备的发展。     

增韧剂BE/BA/PCC对聚苯乙烯力学性能的影响

研究了增韧剂BE/BA/PCC中非离子表面活性剂(BE)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)及纳米碳酸钙(PCC)的比例及其在苯乙烯聚合后期的添加量对生成的聚苯乙烯(PS)的力学性能的影响。发现增韧剂的原料质量比BE/BA/PCC为1∶4∶95,添加量为苯乙烯聚合物(改性PS树脂)的5%时,改性PS树脂的力学性能最好。     

Thermal Effects and Small Signal Modulation of 1.3-μm InAs/GaAs Self-Assembled Quantum-Dot Lasers

We investigate the influence of thermal effects on the high-speed performance of 1.3-μm InAs/GaAs quantum-dot lasers in a wide temperature range (5–50°C). Ridge waveguide devices with 1.1 mm cavity length exhibit small signal modulation bandwidths of 7.51 GHz at 5°C and 3.98 GHz at 50°C. Temperature-dependent K-factor, differential gain, and gain compression factor are studied. While the intrinsic damping-limited modulation bandwidth is as high as 23 GHz, the actual modulation bandwidth is limited by carrier thermalization under continuous wave operation. Saturation of the resonance frequency was found to be the result of thermal reduction in the differential gain, which may originate from carrier thermalization.     

氢氧化镁的固相制备及其表面改性

采用固相法合成了纯度较高的Mg(OH)2,并利用XRD、SEM等进行了表征.以硬脂酸钠、油酸对其进行表面处理得到改性Mg(OH)2,沉降实验表明其与液体石蜡中有较好的相容性,而且油酸改性Mg(OH)2显示出更好的效果.     

阻燃EVA热熔胶的研制

对无机阻燃剂进行表面改性,从而提高其与高分子聚合物的相容性和分散性。将改性后的阻燃剂填充到EVA体系中,通过对阻燃性能和机械性能的测定,进而得到了最适宜阻燃剂和填充量。通过对EVA热熔胶中其它组分的考察,得到了环保型阻燃EVA热熔胶的最适宜配比。结果表明：复配型阻燃剂为最适宜阻燃剂,加入量为5％(质量分数,下同);当E...     

电解二氧化锰制备技术的研究现状及展望

介绍了电解二氧化锰（EMD）工业的发展趋势,详细的评述了EMD的制备、掺杂改性等方面的研究进展情况,并对EMD新工艺的发展趋势作了展望,同时对中国电解二氧化锰工业的发展提出了一些建议。     

Polymeric materials as anion-exchange membranes for alkaline fuel cells

After summarizing the different fuel cells systems, including advantages and drawbacks, this review focuses on the preparation of copolymers and polymeric materials as starting materials for solid alkaline fuel cells membranes. The requirements for such membranes are also summarized. Then, different strategies are given to synthesize anion-exchange polymeric materials containing cationic (especially ammonium) groups. The first pathway focuses on heterogeneous membranes that consist in: (i) polymer blends and composites based on poly(alkene oxide)s and hydroxide salts or polybenzimidazole doped with potassium hydroxide, (ii) organic–inorganic hybrid membranes especially those synthesized via a sol–gel process, and (iii) (semi)interpenetrated networks based on poly(epichlorhydrine), poly(acrylonitrile) and polyvinyl alcohol for example, that have led to new polymeric materials for anion-exchange membranes. The second and main part concerns the homogeneous membranes divided into three categories. The first one consists in materials synthesized from (co)polymers obtained via direct (co)polymerization, for example membranes based on poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride). The second pathway concerns the modification of polymeric materials via radiografting or chemical reactions. These polymeric materials can be hydrogenated or halogenated. The radiografting of membranes means the irradiation via various sources – electron beam, X and γ rays, ⁶⁰Co and ¹³⁷Cs that lead to trapped radicals or macromolecular peroxides or hydroperoxides, followed by the radical graft polymerization of specific monomers such as chloromethyl styrene. The third route deals with the chemical modifications of commercially available hydrogenated aliphatic and aromatic (co)polymers, and the syntheses of fluorinated (co)polymers such as carboxylic and sulfonic perfluoropolymers. In addition, several approaches for the crosslinking of above-mentioned polymeric materials are also reported as this process enhances the properties of the resulting membranes. Moreover, electrochemical and thermal properties of various above ionomers are given and discussed.