The high-temperature effective work function of chemically vapor deposited rhenium on a polycrystalline molybdenum substrate

The work function of chemically vapor deposited rhenium, with a (0001) preferred orientation, on a molybdenum substrate was determined using the thermionic emission method. Data were collected as a function of time and temperature on temperature ramps from 1800 to 2600 K in 100-K increments. The effect of pressure on effective work function was demonstrated by introducing oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide through a precision leak valve into the vacuum emission vehicle. The effect of introducing various gasses was negligible. Also, no significant time or temperature dependence was observed. The sample yielded the maximum average effective work function, 5.08 eV, at 2100 K. The overall average effective work function was determined to be 5.02 eV.     

ZnO纳米棒阵列膜的制备及其光电化学性能研究

采用化学溶液沉积法,在ZnO纳米颗粒膜修饰的FTO导电玻璃基底上,制备了ZnO纳米棒阵列。用X射线衍射仪（XRD）、场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）对样品进行表征。研究结果表明所制备的ZnO纳米棒为六方纤锌矿相单晶结构,沿c轴择优取向生长,平均直径约为40nm,长度约为900nm;ZnO纳米棒阵列生长致密,取向性较一致。以曙红Y敏化的ZnO纳米棒阵列膜为光阳极制作了染料敏化太阳能电池原型器件,在光照强度为100mW/cm2下,其开路电压为0.418V,短路电流为0.889mA/cm2,总的光电转换效率为0.133%。     

单分散SiO_2胶体光子晶体的自组装制备与表征(英文)

使用Stber法化学合成了粒径在200-350nm之间的单分散SiO2,采用垂直沉积技术自组装制备了胶体晶体薄膜。通过扫描电镜与分光光度计对样品的微观结构与透过光谱进行了表征,结果表明,组成胶体晶体的SiO2微球呈面心立方结构,膜层的厚度可以通过胶体溶液的浓度加以控制,胶体膜层透射光谱中出现的峰值位置取决于SiO2微球的大小,并且与布拉格定律理论计算的结果相一致,透射光谱中光学阻带的深度可以通过改变胶体悬浮液中SiO2颗粒的体积分数来调控。     

Co-Se化合物薄膜的电沉积制备与表征

采用电沉积方法在SnO2玻璃基底上制备了Co-Se化合物薄膜.研究了薄膜形成的电化学机理和电沉积工艺对薄膜组成与形貌的影响,并表征了薄膜的结构与光学性质.结果表明:Co2+受预沉积Se的表面诱导还原或直接与H2SeO3的六电子还原反应产物H2Se发生反应形成Co-Se化合物;沉积电位、沉积温度和pH值均显著影响电沉积Co-Se化合物薄膜的形貌与成分;在沉积电位为?0.5V(vs SCE)、沉积温度为50℃和pH值为2.0时可制备出表面致密平整且呈六方晶型结构的富硒CoSe薄膜,其光吸收系数达到1×105 cm?1,直接带隙宽度为(1.53±0.01)eV,接近单结太阳电池光吸收层材料的理论最佳值.     

Effects of LP-MOCVD prepared TiO2 thin films on the in vitro behavior of gingival fibroblasts

We report on the in vitro response of human gingival fibroblasts (HGF-1 cell line) to various thin films of titanium dioxide (TiO₂) deposited on titanium (Ti) substrates by low pressure metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (LP-MOCVD). The aim was to study the influence of film structural parameters on the cell behavior comparatively with a native-oxide covered titanium specimen, this objective being topical and interesting for materials applications in implantology. HGF-1 cells were cultured on three LP-MOCVD prepared thin films of TiO₂ differentiated by their thickness, roughness, transversal morphology, allotropic composition and wettability, and on a native-oxide covered Ti substrate. Besides traditional tests of cell viability and morphology, the biocompatibility of these materials was evaluated by fibronectin immunostaining, assessment of cell proliferation status and the zymographic evaluation of gelatinolytic activities specific to matrix metalloproteinases secreted by cells grown in contact with studied specimens. The analyzed surfaces proved to influence fibronectin fibril assembly, cell proliferation and capacity to degrade extracellular matrix without considerably affecting cell viability and morphology. The MOCVD of TiO₂ proved effective in positively modifying titanium surface for medical applications. Surface properties playing a crucial role for cell behavior were the wettability and, secondarily, the roughness, HGF-1 cells preferring a moderately rough and wettable TiO₂ coating.     

Photocatalytic effects for the TiO2-coated phosphor materials

This study investigated the photocatalytic behavior of the coupling of TiO₂ with phosphorescent materials. A TiO₂ thin film was deposited on CaAl₂O₄:Eu²⁺,Nd³⁺ phosphor particles by using atomic layer deposition (ALD), and its photocatalytic reaction was investigated by the photobleaching of an aqueous solution of methylene-blue (MB) under visible light irradiation. To clarify the mechanism of the TiO₂-phosphorescent materials, two different samples of TiO₂-coated phosphor and TiO₂–Al₂O₃-coated phosphor particles were prepared. The photocatalytic mechanisms of the ALD TiO₂-coated phosphor powders were different from those of the pure TiO₂ and TiO₂–Al₂O₃-coated phosphor. The absorbance in a solution of the ALD TiO₂-coated phosphor decreased much faster than that of pure TiO₂ under visible irradiation. In addition, the ALD TiO₂-coated phosphor showed moderately higher photocatalytic degradation of MB solution than the TiO₂–Al₂O₃-coated phosphor did. The TiO₂-coated phosphorescent materials were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and X-ray photon spectroscopy (XPS).     

Bimetallic Pt–Au thin film electrocatalysts with hierarchical structures for the oxidation of formic acid

A series of bimetallic Pt–Au thin films with different Pt/Au ratios were fabricated on glassy carbon (GC) substrates through galvanic replacement reactions between hierarchical Co thin films prepared by cyclic voltammetric deposition and mixed solutions of HAuCl₄ and H₂PtCl₆. The morphologies of the as-prepared Pt–Au thin films resemble those of the sacrificial Co templates, and the Pt/Au ratios in the films are dependent on the HAuCl₄/H₂PtCl₆ molar ratios in the mixed solutions. Because of good stability and excellent synergistic effect of Au and Pt, the bimetallic films with novel structures display unexpected high catalytic activity for the oxidation of formic acid. The as-prepared hierarchical Pt–Au micro/nanostructures are expected to find applications as catalysts in direct formic acid fuel cells (DFAFCs).     

水相悬浮聚合制备MWCNTs/PAN复合微球及其电纺纤维

先用Fenton试剂（过氧化氢/硫酸亚铁）对多壁碳纳米管进行改性处理（-fMWCNTs）,再通过水相悬浮聚合法制备了多壁碳纳米管/聚丙烯腈（-fMWCNTs/PAN）复合微球,用静电纺丝技术制备了-fMWCNTs/PAN复合纤维膜。通过扫描电镜（SEM）、热重分析仪（TGA）和万能试验机研究了-fMWCNTs对电纺纤维...     

Photoanode Activity of ZnO Nanotube Based Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Vertical ZnO nanotube (ZNT) arrays were synthesized onto an indium doped tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate by a simple electrochemical deposition technique followed by a selective etching process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed formation of well-faceted hexagonal ZNT arrays spreading uniformly over a largearea. X-ray diffraction (XRD) of ZNT layer showed substantially higher intensity for the (0002) diffractionpeak, indicating that the ZnO crystallites were well aligned with their c-axis. Profilometer measurements ofthe ZNT layer showed an average thickness of ～7 μm. Diameter size distribution (DSD) analysis showedthat ZNTs exhibited a narrow diameter size distribution in the range of 65–120 nm and centered at ～75nm. The photoluminescence (PL) spectrum measurement showed violet and blue luminescence peaks thatwere centered at 410 and 480 nm, respectively, indicating the presence of internal defects. Ultra-violet (UV)spectroscopy showed major absorbance peak at ～348 nm, exhibiting an increase in energy gap value of 3.4 eV.By employing the formed ZNTs as the photo-anode for a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC), a full-sun conversion efficiency of 1.01% was achieved with a fill factor of 54%. Quantum efficiency studies showed the maximumof incident photon-to-electron conversion efficiency in a visible region located at 520–550 nm range.     

hBN表面镀Ni对Ni-20Cr/hBN自润滑材料性能的影响

以六方BN（hBN）、NiCl_2和NaCO_3为原料,采用沉淀法制备镀镍hBN粉末,并采用粉末冶金法制备Ni-20Cr/hBN自润滑复合材料。研究了镀镍hBN粉末对Ni-20Cr/hBN复合材料密度、孔隙率、硬度、抗弯强度以及摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明：固体润滑剂hBN表面镀Ni可提高Ni-20Cr/hBN复合材料...