High-temperature oxidation of directionally solidified Ni-Cr-Nb-AI (γ/γ′-δ) eutectic alloys

The oxidation of Ni-23.1Nb-4.4Al and Ni-19.7Nb-6 Cr-2.5Al alloys in air at temperatures in the range 870–1100°C has been studied for times up to 168 hr, in the as-cast, slowly cooled, and directionally solidified forms. The oxidation rate decreases with increasing temperature for the ternary alloy, and this appears to be due to the increasing tendency to establish a continuous Al₂O₃ layer at the metal surface, although at no temperature in this range is a complete layer established. At the lowest temperature the -Ni₃Nb lamellae are preferentially oxidized, with fingers of oxide extending into the metal, but at 900°C and above a continuous single-phase 8-free layer is established at the metal surface very early in the oxidation. The oxidation rate of the quaternary alloy increases with increasing temperature. At the lower temperatures a continuous Al₂O₃ layer is established at the metal surface, but at the highest temperature the aluminum oxidizes internally and a continuous layer is not established, internal oxidation penetrating down the lamellae. It appears that niobium, like chromium, is able to promote the formation of external Al₂O₃ layers; if this fact is accepted, the beneficial role of chromium in these alloys is difficult to explain.     

In-plane anisotropy of 1545 aluminum alloy sheet

1　INTRODUCTIONThe in plane anisotropy of mechanical proper ties brings the limitation to the use of alloy sheet.At the same time, during the material processing,the difficulties of contour machining will also be in creased. For this reason, when designing high performance aluminum alloy sheets, the in planeanisotropy is an important performance parameterthat must be considered. Studies have shown thatminor Sc and Zr in the Al Mg Mn alloy can refinegrains of cast ingot, inhib…     

高强高导Cu-0.1Ag-0.11Cr合金的强化机制

Cu-Ag-Cr合金是一种高强度高电导新型材料.采用真空熔炼的方法制备了Cu-Ag-Cr合金,经合适的工艺处理后,在电导率基本上不降低的前提下,能显著提高合金的强度和硬度,抗拉强度达到529 MPa,电导率为92.11%(IACS),基本满足对铜合金高强高导的性能要求.在同样条件下,与Cu-Ag合金相比,其强度和硬度的提高主要是由共格析出强化造成,由于析出相尺寸较大,以Orowan机制强化,强化效应与采用Orowan强化机制计算的结果非常接近.     

全光亮镍磷合金镀层的耐蚀性

采用个性盐雾实验、浸泡实验和阳极极化曲线测试了全光亮镍磷合金镀层耐蚀性.盐雾实验表明：磷含量为128mass%～153mass％的镀层耐蚀性能最好，磷合量提高到201mass％后，耐蚀性下降；热处理温度在200℃以下时，对镀层耐蚀性影响不大，超过300℃以上，镀层耐蚀性明显下降；浸泡实验表明Ni-P合金镀层与1Cr18Ni9Ti相比，在酸性、碱性和氯离子水溶液中耐蚀性能较好，但不耐硝酸、硝酸盐等强氧化性介质的腐蚀；阳极极化曲线测试表明，磷含量为12.8mass％的镀层在10％HCl、5％NaCl、20%NaOH和3.5％FeCl-3溶液中，均表现出了优异的耐蚀性能.磷合量为20.1mass％高磷镀层在20％NaOH中耐蚀性能优异.      

Improvement of Wear Resistance of Magnesium Alloy AZ91HP by High Current Pulsed Electron Beam Treatment

MAGNESIUM ALLOYS exhibit high strength toweight ratio and stiffness and are finding theirapplications in air,automobile and electronic industries.Despite the worldwide growing interests inmagnesium alloys,their inferior wear resistance is aserious impediment.Considering that wear is asurface-related behavior,surface modification canresolve the problem.Recently,intense and pulsed energetic beams areemerging as new and effective methods for surfacemodification.The High Current Pulsed Ele…     

Effect of Al<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript> particles on the microstructure and sliding wear of 7075 Al alloy manufactured by squeeze casting method

Aluminum (Al) alloy 7075 reinforced with Al₂O₃ particles was prepared using the stir casting method. The microstructure of the cast composites showed some degree of porosity and sites of Al₂O₃ particle clustering, especially at high-volume fractions of Al₂O₃ particles. Different squeeze pressures (25 and 50 MPa) were applied to the cast composite during solidification to reduce porosity and particle clusters. Microstructure examinations of the squeeze cast composites showed remarkable grain refining compared with that of the matrix alloy. As the volume fraction of particles and applied squeeze pressure increased, the hardness linearly increased. This increase was related to the modified structure and the decrease in the porosity. The effect of particle volume fraction and squeeze pressure on the dry-sliding wear of the composites was studied. Experiments were performed at 10, 30, and 50 N with a sliding speed of 1 m/s using a pin-on-ring apparatus. Increasing the particle volume fraction and squeeze pressure improved the wear resistance of the composite compared with that of the monolithic alloy, because the Al₂O₃ particles acted as load-bearing constituents. Also, these results can be attributed to the fact that the application of squeeze pressure during solidification led to a reduction in the porosity, and an increase in the solidification rate, leading to a finer structure. Moreover, the application of squeeze pressure improved the interface strength between the matrix and Al₂O₃ particles by elimination of the porosity at the interface, thereby providing better mechanical locking.     

铝阳极氧化膜的形态 结构和成分分布的研究

用 TEM、SEM、AES 和 x 射线衍射技术研究了铝阳极氧化膜的形态、结构和化学成分分布。试验结果表明,在硫酸中形成的阳极氧化膜和在磷酸和草酸中形成的膜一样,也存在着多孔型和壁垒型两种形态,但其临界电流密度较高。铝阳极氧化膜由过剩的铝和 Al_2O_3组成,属非晶态结构,镍盐和锡盐电解着色后非晶态结构和膜中 Al、O 和 S 的分布均无显著改变,而 Sn 和 Ni 则沉积于膜孔底部,但其分布略有不同;着色添加剂的组成物未有明显地进入膜中。     

高Co稀土热作模具钢析出相沉淀析出的研究

采用X射线衍射和透射电镜对新研制的高Co稀土热作模具钢的析出相及析出动力学进行了分析和探讨。结果表明 ,经过固溶和时效处理后合金中同时析出大量金属间化合物和碳化物。金属间化合物主要为 μ相和Laves相 ,碳化物主要为MC、M2 3 C6和M6C。在 70 0℃时效不同时间后 ,析出相的总量随时效时间的延长而不断增大 ,但 μ相增加的速度比较缓慢 ;M2 3 C6、M6C、Laves相增加较快 ;而MC逐渐减少。M2 3 C6、M6C是通过基体中的M和C原子的直接反应的形式析出长大的。     

高速铣削钛合金TC4切削力试验研究及切削参数优化

采用正交试验研究了高速铣削钛合金TC4粗加工阶段时切削参数对切削力的影响规律，并以Y向切削力最小和材料去除率最大为优化目标，利用MATLAB基于Pareto遗传算法优化高速铣削TC4的切削参数，结合Pareto最前沿给出了优化后的切削参数最优解集。     

微重力偏晶合金凝固特征SCIEI

对在微重力条件下获取的Al-In(95wt-%)偏晶合金的显微组织特征进行了分析,结果表明,在空间制取的试样的Al枝晶中,还存在着大量的In质点;并且这些质点的分布具有某种规律性,由此形成了与地基样品显微组织上的明显差异,反映出一种与重力效应相关的材料凝固特性。