近年照明工程科学的若干新进展（一）

照明工程是一门边缘的应用科学。它涉及的面甚广，它不仅和建筑有关，而且和工业、农业、交通运输、医药卫生、文化艺术、科学研究及国防建设等诸方面都有密切关系。近年来随着整个科学技术的飞速发展，照明工程科学不论是它的基础理论，还是应用技术均有不少新的进展。为了加速我国照明工程科学的发展，及时了解国内外在这方面的动向，本文抛砖引玉，仅就我所掌握的一些情况，作个简介，这部分包括：一，光和视觉及颜色；二，光和辐射的客观测量。     

轻蜡油分离流程模拟中HYSIM与PRO／Ⅱ的比较

轻蜡油分离装置设计中分别采用HYSIM和PRO/Ⅱ进行了流程模拟,井对这两个软件的模拟结果进行了比较,得出的结论是:两软件的模拟结果基本相同。     

UV and visible optical absorbance in CuCl nanoclusters in an external electric field

The optical absorbance in UV and visible wavelength in CuCl nanoclusters in an external electric field is determined at room temperature. The wavelength dependence of the absorbance change is nonlinear at a fixed applied field. At a fixed wavelength, the absorbance changes as an increasing applied field varies quadratically.     

Optical loss of photovoltaic modules under diffuse light

The optical behaviour of photovoltaic (PV) modules from different fabrication technologies was investigated under diffuse light by a novel characterization method. The optical apparatus, hemispherical/hemispherical reflectometer, allows both reflectance and transmittance measurements under an incident diffuse light which simulates the distributed outdoor irradiation from the sky or from the albedo. This paper presents only the configuration for reflectance measurements. The apparatus is provided with a single integrating sphere of 40 cm diameter, which acts as a lambertian source of diffuse light and spontaneously collects the diffuse light reflected by the sample in the front hemisphere. The hemispherical/hemispherical reflectance, R^hh, expresses the optical loss of the PV device under diffuse light, and is obtained by measurements of light irradiance inside the sphere in correspondence with the sample and with a selected number of standards of diffuse reflectance. The best optical performances, in terms of optical loss, were achieved by modules realized with blue mono-Si cells and having textured front surfaces in the cover sheets.     

长方塑料闪烁体光收集效率的研究

对长方塑料闪烁体的光收集效率进行了蒙特卡罗计算和实验测试。对于Ｃ１／Ｃ２高达４０的长方塑料闪烁体采用有空气层镜反射方式，光收集效率高，探测效率也高，是此类型闪烁体获高光收集效率的最佳方案．     

现代居室装修中的光污染

本文分析了室内环境中光污染产生的原因,提出了预防光污染的具体措施, 以寻求一些科学合理的照明方式,来指导实际装修中的照明设计。     

钢制二片饮料罐及其在中国市场发展的意义和展望

现代钢制罐是综合现代科学和工程技术结晶的高科技产物；在剖析钢罐与铝罐之间相互竞争的焦点以及所采用的手段的基础上，结合我国金属二片饮料罐发展的现状，探讨钢罐缺及春相关技术在中国市场的发展意义和前景。     

Chain‐Length Dependence of Singlet and Triplet Exciton Formation Rates in Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes

The operation and efficiencies of molecular or polymer organic light‐emitting diodes depend on the nature of the excited species that are formed. The lowest singlet and triplet excitons display different characteristics that impact on the quantum yields achievable in the devices. Here, by performing correlated quantum‐chemical calculations that account for both the electronic couplings and energetics of the charge‐recombination process from a pair of positive and negative polarons into singlet and triplet excitons, we show that the formation rates for singlet over triplet excitons vary with chain length and favor singlet excitons in longer chains. Thus, in polymer devices, the resulting singlet/triplet fraction can significantly exceed the spin‐statistical limit.     

受抑全反射特性研究

系统研究了受抑全内反射的透过率与气隙厚度、入射光偏振特性、波长和入射角的关系；用实验证明由多光束干涉效应更能合理地描述此效应；所得结果为该的合理应用提供了依据。     

一维PSD信号调理电路及其应用

本文介绍了一维位置敏感器件ＰＳＤ及其信号调理电路，还介绍了一维ＰＳＤ的信号处理专用集成电路Ｈ２４７６的特点，并给出了一维ＰＳＤ、Ｈ２４７６在光学三角测距系统中的应用。