益生菌降解大豆源α-低聚糖和醛类物质的研究

从传统乳酸菌中分离获得6株产α-半乳糖苷酶的益生菌,研究了它们分解代谢豆乳中α-低聚糖和醛类物质的特性。首先分析了益生菌所产α-半乳糖苷酶的活性;接着探讨了益生菌在豆乳中37℃培养48 h期间,样品中α-低聚糖代谢水平,醛类物质的降解率。pH值变化和蛋白水解活性。结果表明,益生菌表现出不同的α-半乳糖苷酶的活性,乳双歧杆菌B12.0501所产α-半乳糖苷酶活性最高,达到21.8U/mL。豆乳中α-低聚糖和醛类物质的降解程度依赖于菌株类型和发酵时间。     

High genetic variability in non-aflatoxigenic A. flavus strains by using Quadruplex PCR-based assay

Aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus isolates always show, by using a multiplex PCR-system, four DNA fragments specific for aflR, nor-1, ver-1, and omt-A genes. Non-aflatoxigenic A. flavus strains give variable DNA banding pattern lacking one, two, three or four of these genes. Recently, it has been found and reported that some aflatoxin non-producing A. flavus strains show a complete set of genes. Because less is known about the incidence of structural genes aflR, nor-1, ver-1 and omt-A in aflatoxin non-producing strains of A. flavus, we decided to study the frequencies of the aflatoxin structural genes in non-aflatoxigenic A. flavus strains isolated from food and feed commodities. The results can be summarized as following: 36.5% of the examined non-aflatoxigenic A. flavus strains showed DNA fragments that correspond to the complete set of genes (quadruplet pattern) as found in aflatoxigenic A. flavus. Forty three strains (32%) showed three DNA banding patterns grouped in four profiles where nor-1, ver-1 and omt-A was the most frequent profile. Twenty five (18.7%) of non-aflatoxigenic A. flavus strains yielded two DNA banding pattern whereas sixteen (12%) of the strains showed one DNA banding pattern. In one strain, isolated from poultry feed, no DNA bands were found. The nor-1 gene was the most representative between the four aflatoxin structural assayed genes. Lower incidence was found for aflR gene. Our data show a high level of genetic variability among non-aflatoxigenic A. flavus isolates that require greater attention in order to design molecular experiment to distinguish true aflatoxigenic from non-aflatoxigenic A. flavus strains.     

随机扩增多态性DNA技术在沙门氏菌同源性分析中的应用

目的:利用随机扩增多态性DNA技术(random amplified polymorphic DNA,RAPD)对从食品、蛋品样本或从业人员中收集到的67个地方菌株、4个模式菌株,涉及29种血清型的沙门氏菌进行同源性分析,为沙门氏菌食源性疾病的流行病学溯源和疫情控制提供理论依据.方法:选用筛选得到的10个碱基引物(CCGAAGCTGC)运用RAPD技术对不同来源的71株沙门氏菌进行随即引物扩增,得到的RAPD图谱使用NTSYS-pc2.10e软件进行聚类分析.结果:相似性系数在0.70时,71株沙门氏菌可以分为七大类群,其中最多的一群内聚集的菌株达54株,相似性系数在0.90时,可以分为26个群,最多的一群内聚集的菌株达18株,相似性系数为1.00时,有9个组群,最多的一组群内聚集的菌株达11.同源性结果和血清学鉴定的结果有90%的吻合率.结论:RAPD检测技术可以用于沙门氏菌食源性疾病的流行病学调查和溯源.     

东尼载重车车架的组合铆接工位的限位夹具

论述了东尼牌系列载重车车架铆接生产线的设计方案及工作原理。     

A reliable and sensitive time-resolved fluorescent immunochromatographic assay (TRFICA) for ochratoxin A in agro-products

Immunochromatographic assays (ICAs) are considered as a suitable diagnostic tool for the detection of mycotoxins. Mycotoxins and especially, ochratoxin A are analytes with more demanding sensitivity requirements. To enhance the sensitivity of current immunochromatographic assays for ochratoxin A (OTA), a novel sensitive ICA was developed in this study. In the assay, microspheres enclosing fluorescent europium (III) [Eu(III)] nanoparticles (EuNPs) were used as a label for OTA monoclonal antibody (OTA-mAb) conjugation. Accordingly, assay was called time-resolved fluorescent immunochromatographic assay (TRFICA). The test strip was composed of three parts: a sample pad, nitrocellulose membrane and an absorbent pad. As for detection, a proper concentration of conjugated microspheres was pipetted into the microtube and sample extract was added to it. Then the strip was inserted into the tube and the fluid flow along the strip. The TRFICA results were obtained in 8 min and read by a portable TRFICA strip reader. The established method allows quantitative determination of OTA with limit of detection as low as 1.0 μg kg⁻¹ in the samples. For validation, spiked samples including wheat, maize, soybean and rice were respectively assayed by TRFICA and a standard high performance liquid chromatography equipped with a fluorescence detector (HPLC-FLD), and good agreement of results was obtained between two methods.     

循环载荷下波纹管应变累积及平面失稳

采用非线性有限元分析的方法,探讨了在内压和轴向循环位移联合作用下,U形无加强波纹管中的塑性应变累积状况,并以此为依据提出了更为准确的波纹管平面失稳判据.     

闵桥油田疏松砂岩油层在无防砂条件下最大产量估算

闵桥油田闵南断块区属于岩性构造油藏,断层多,地质构造复杂,开发难度较大。1997年油藏重新开展了勘探开发评价工作,但该断块埋深较浅,地层胶结疏松,油井容易出砂,增加了开发难度。为此,在油井投产初期进行了防砂措施预测研究。主要是利用测井数据和Mohr圆应力分析原理,计算出在不同地层压力下油层出砂的最大生产压差和最大产量极限值,油井投产后,把指标控制在这个极限值内,可以延长检泵周期,达到防砂的目的。但应当指出的是这个极限数值是代表限定的流量,高于这个流量预计会出现出砂问题,而不是指该井能够生产的最大产量。图3参4(骆瑛摘)     

Experimental study on axial stratification process and its effects (I)-Stratification in Engine-

This paper is the first of several companion papers, which investigate axial stratification process and its effects in an SI engine. The axial stratification is very sophisticate phenomenon, which results from combination of fuel injection, port and in-cylinder flow and mixing. Because of the inherent unsteady condition in the reciprocating engine, it is impossible to understand the mechanism through the analytical method. In this paper, the ports were characterized by swirl and tumble number in steady flow bench test. After this, lean misfire limit of the engines, which had different port characteristic, were investigated as a function of swirl ratio and injection timing for confirming the existence of stratification. In addition, gas fuel was used for verifying whether this phenomenon depends on bulk air motion of cylinder or on evaporation of fuel. High-speed gas sampling and analysis was also performed to estimate stratification charging effect. The results show that the AFR at the spark plug and LML are very closely related and the AFR is the results of bulk air motion.     

Coupled buckling and plastic instability for tube hydroforming

In this paper, the hydroforming limit of isotropic tubes subjected to internal hydraulic pressure and independent axial load is discussed.Swift's criterion is often used in this case for the prediction of diffuse plastic instability. Here, we first highlight the existence of two different Swift's criteria (for sheets and for tubes).Then, we recall that these types of approaches do not take into account buckling induced by axial loading. In fact, buckling may obviously occur before plastic instability; consequently, Swift's criteria must not be used alone to predict instability in the case of tube hydroforming.Numerical simulation was used to confirm these points and to analyse both the buckling and striction phenomena together. The two types of instability must be treated together in a reasonable approach to the hydroforming process.In this paper, the material verifies a “J2-flow” constitutive rate constitutive law. Jaumann's derivative was chosen and the Prandtl–Reuss equations with von Mises’ yield criterion and the associated flow rule were used. Isotropic hardening was taken into account.     

庆阳豆豉优势菌株的分离鉴定

为了确定庆阳豆豉的主要作用微生物,获得优势发酵菌株,以甘肃庆阳7个县区农户所制的发酵豆豉为材料,采用不同培养基分离纯化,通过平板透明圈法初筛,发酵液蛋白酶、纤维素酶和淀粉酶活性测定,对传统豆豉发酵微生物进行了分离筛选,最后对优势菌株进行生理生化鉴定及16S rDNA分子生物学鉴定。共分离出22株细菌菌株,初筛获得10株均可分解蛋白质、淀粉和纤维素能力的菌株,其中QY2b蛋白酶和纤维素酶活性最高,分别达到了25.37 U/mL和6.015 U/mL。通过对QY2b的形态观察及生理生化试验,结合16S rDNA鉴定手段,确定该优势发酵菌种为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)。