基于MEMS技术的微型组合导航传感系统研究

大型无人机的航姿系统、大气数据系统及惯性导航系统等导航设备因结构复杂、体积、重量大及价格昂贵等因素,无法在微型无人机(MAV)上使用.本文采用PC104嵌入式微机、MEMS集成技术、数据融合技术及GALILEO技术,实现了一种用于微型无人机的微型组合导航传感系统.以C语言及汇编语言作为系统软件的开发平台,增强了系统软件的可维护性及可扩展性.该系统集飞机航姿系统、大气数据系统、惯性导航传感器等功能于一身.实验室和现场的测试结果表明,该传感系统提高了导航精度,简化了结构,缩小了体积,减轻了重量.该系统拟用于微型无人机.     

Coupled piezoelectric fans with two degree of freedom motion for the application of flapping wing micro aerial vehicles

Piezoelectric fans consisting of a piezoelectric layer and an elastic metal layer were prepared by epoxy bonding and a coupled flexible wing was formed by a pair of carbon fibre reinforced plastic wing spars and polymer skin attached to two piezoelectric fans. Two sinusoidal voltages with phase differences were then used to drive the coupled piezoelectric fans. High speed digital cameras were used to characterize the two degree of freedom (DOF) motion of the wing and these results were compared to finite element model of the wing and the coupled piezoelectric fans. It has been observed that the phase delay between the driving voltages applied to the coupled piezoelectric fans plays an important role in the control of the flapping and twisting motions of the wing and this set-up has the potential for application to the control of flapping wings for micro aerial vehicles.     

基于改进互补滤波器的低成本微小飞行器姿态估计方法

针对微飞行器（MAV）在不同机动状态下如何获得对重力加速度的有效估计这一问题,提出一种具有增益调节机制的显性互补滤波器,对微飞行器类似周期性盘旋等典型状态,利用陀螺仪的测量和指示空速的估计构建了向心加速度补偿机制,使得基于重力加速度估计的互补滤波器能获得较为精确的姿态估计,并克服了传统互补滤波器对姿态估计进行重构的缺点。在比例积分补偿环节中,对俯仰角和横滚角的估计赋予不同的截止频率,使得比例增益和积分增益具有较好的自适应性。对比实验表明,姿态角估计误差能保持在±2°之内,与现有的典型滤波算法相比,该方法在算法效率和估计误差方面具有良好的综合性能,并适合用低成本的微惯性测量单元实现微飞行器的精确姿态估计。     

微型飞行器的翼型拟合与模具加工

对微型飞行器的翼型拟合与模具加工进行了初步探讨。根据最小二乘原理，对选用的NACA0012离散翼型数据进行了连续曲线拟合，在基函数的选取上进行了试验研究。并根据拟合公式编写应用程序，计算加工数据，编写CNC数控机床的G代码，进行了模具的实际加工制作，并介绍了利用模具制作的样机。     

Multi-Object Tracking with Micro Aerial Vehicle

A simple yet efficient tracking framework is proposed for real-time multi-object tracking with micro aerial vehicles(MAVs). It''s basic missions for MAVs to detect specific targets and then track them automatically. In our method, candidate regions are generated using the salient detection in each frame and then classified by an eural network. A kernelized correlation filter(KCF) is employed to track each target until it disappears or the peak-sidelobe ratio is lower than a threshold. Besides, we define the birth and death of each tracker for the targets. The tracker is recycled if its target disappears and can be assigned to a new target. The algorithm is evaluated on the PAFISS and UAV123 datasets. The results show a good performance on both the tracking accuracy and speed.     

Development of the NWPU20 Micro Air Vehicle

1Introduction Microairvehicles(MAVs)aredesignatedbytheDefenseAdvancedResearchProjectsAgency(DARPA)oftheUnitedStates(US)asaclassof aircraftwithalargestlineardistancebetweenany twopointslocatedonthevehiclenogreaterthan6inchesandarecapableofoperatingatspeedsof40milesperhourorless[1].ThemaingoalforMAVsistoprovide inexpensiveandexpendableplatformsfor surveillanceanddatacollectioninsituationswhere unmannedairvehicles(UAVs)arenotpractical.SomeofthepotentialmissionsforMAVsare visualreconnais…     

微型旋翼直升机非对称变距系统的力学分析

通过应用有限元的方法对非对称变距操纵机构的弹性连杆进行力学分析,并利用ANSYS软件进行了变形仿真,得出弹性连杆的载荷和变形的关系,最后与材料力学的计算结果作了比较.     

微型飞行器结构的发展及关键技术

微型飞行器从概念的出现到现在的研究与发展,已经经历了很多,出现了各式各样的微型飞行器。介绍了当前微型飞行器所涉及的主要结构及其特点,同时对微型飞行器需要突破的技术和方向进行了阐述。     

微小型飞行器航空图像拼接算法

针对微小型飞行器所拍摄图像的特点,提出了一种稳健的航空图像拼接算法.此算法首先使用相位相关法估计平移参数并初步确定重叠区域,在重叠区域采用Harris角点检测算法进行特征点提取得到初步的伪匹配集合,并运用稳健的RANSAC算法将伪匹配点集合划分为内点和外点.在内点域内运用透视变换模型精确地估计出图像间的点变换关系.最后采用双线性插值对交接处进行颜色过渡.实验结果表明,该拼接结果比较理想,能有效去除错误配准点     

GPS的微型系统及其制导(英文)

基于微型飞行器(MAV)尺寸小、载重及能量供给有限,难于获取完整的飞行状态参数,对机载的设备和导航控制系统要求很高等特点,提出了一种应用于翼展680 mm的电动微型飞行器的基于航迹角度和偏航距误差的几何导航控制算法,并利用MEMS传感器设计了飞行控制系统,给出了PID控制率.Matlab仿真试验表明,该系统在3种PID控制率下均可很好地实现导航控制,偏航控制误差低于30 m;空中飞行试验表明,提出的算法有效地实现了电动微型飞行器的导航控制飞行,在2级风情况下,偏航误差低于30 m.