响应面法优化鹿筋蛋白提取工艺及体外抗类风湿性关节炎活性

目的:优化鹿筋蛋白提取工艺,探究其对类风湿性关节炎成纤维样滑膜细胞(MH7A)增殖及炎症因子分泌的影响。方法:以料液比、提取温度、提取时间为自变量,鹿筋蛋白含量为因变量,进行单因素实验,结合Box-Behnken试验设计,获得鹿筋蛋白最佳提取工艺。采用60 ng/mL 肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)体外诱导MH7A细胞,MTT法测定不同浓度的(25、50、100、200 μg/mL)鹿筋蛋白对MH7A细胞增殖抑制活性的影响;酶联免疫法测定细胞上清液中NO(一氧化氮)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、TNF-α含量。结果:鹿筋蛋白最佳提取条件为料液比1:21 g/mL、提取温度88 ℃、提取时间8.6 h,此条件下测得鹿筋蛋白含量为12.53%。体外活性实验结果表明,与模型组比较,不同浓度(25、50、100、200 μg/mL)的鹿筋蛋白均可显著(P<0.05)抑制MH7A细胞的增殖和NO、IL-6、TNF-α的释放(P<0.05),模型组的NO、IL-6、TNF-α释放量分别为:4.07、21.95、16.31 pg/mL,在100 μg/mL质量浓度下,鹿筋蛋白对上述三种炎症因子释放的抑制作用最显著(P<0.05),其释放量分别为:1.60、13.60、7.29 pg/mL。结论:鹿筋蛋白通过抑制TNF-α诱导的MH7A细胞增殖,同时减少炎症因子NO、IL-6、TNF-α的释放,发挥其抗类风湿性关节炎的作用。本研究为研究鹿筋蛋白的制备工艺提供参考,并证明鹿筋蛋白具有较好的体外抗类风湿性关节炎活性。     

Enhanced high-rate discharge properties of La11.3Mg6.0Sm7.4Ni61.0Co7.2Al7.1 with added graphene synthesized by plasma milling

In order to improve the high-rate discharge properties of La_11.3Mg_6.0Sm_7.4Ni_61.0Co_7.2Al_7.1 (AB_3.0) alloy electrodes, the effects of plasma milling (PM) and graphene addition on their electrochemical properties and kinetics have been investigated. It was found that the discharge capacity of AB_3.0 at a high discharge current density was significantly improved after the addition of graphene followed by PM for only 10 min. Moreover, the high-rate dischargeability (HRD) and the exchange current density I₀ of the alloy electrodes were also increased. The PM technique exhibits obvious advantages for improving the high-rate discharge properties of hydrogen-storage alloys.     

The effect of the discharge rate on the electrochemical properties of AB3-type hydrogen storage alloy as anode in nickel–metal hydride batteries

In this work, the ternary CeY₂Ni₉ alloy was prepared and served as anode materials in the Ni–MH battery system. The effect of the discharge rate on the electrochemical proprieties of CeY₂Ni₉, such as activation capability, polarization, discharge capacities, hydrogen atomic diffusion capability and redox parameters, were also investigated systematically during activation and long cycling. Charge–discharge measurement showed that this alloy is characterized by fast activation and requires only three cycles to be activated regardless of the discharge rate, the maximum discharge capacity was obtained for the medium discharge rate (C/10). An important correlation was observed between the evolution of the electrochemical parameters and that of the kinetic parameters, such as the hydrogen atomic diffusion capability and the exchange current density.The total substitution of La by Ce in LaY₂Ni₉ parent alloy enhanced its activation, polarization and stability despite the decrease of its discharge capacities, especially at high rates.     

Effects of Co3O4 as additive on the performance of metal hydride electrode and Ni–MH battery

In this paper, the performance of metal hydride electrodes prepared with different amounts of tricobalt tetraoxide (Co₃O₄) and AA size cylindrical Ni–MH battery with the capacity of 1500 mAh prepared with Co₃O₄ as negative additive has been investigated. The investigation reveals that the charge and discharge efficiency at 1400 mA g⁻¹ at room temperature, and the discharge efficiency at 140 mA g⁻¹ at −20 °C of metal hydride electrode are increased from 82.2% to 92.4%, from 55.1% to 84.7%, and from 30.2% to 68.8%, respectively, by adding proper amounts of Co₃O₄. Furthermore, it is also found that the high-rate and low-temperature discharge ability, overcharge endurance ability, cycle life, inner pressure of battery are greatly improved by adding Co₃O₄. These results can be attributed to the high electrocatalytic activity and extended hydride storage capability of Co₃O₄, the improvement of gas consumption ability and the restraining of oxidation of electrode alloys by adding Co₃O₄.     

Three electrolyte high voltage acid–alkaline hybrid rechargeable battery

Performance characteristics of a three electrolyte rechargeable acid–alkaline hybrid battery using a PbO₂ positive plate and a nickel metal hydride (NiMH_x) negative electrode in separate electrolyte of H₂SO₄ and KOH were studied. This hybrid battery has three electrolytes in a single cell. A neutral K₂SO₄ salt solution was placed between the acid and alkaline compartments of the cell, in which a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane, were employed to separate these three electrolytes. The open circuit voltage of this hybrid cell was found to be 2.64 V in an electrolyte configuration of 1 M H₂SO₄|0.2 M K₂SO₄|2 M KOH electrolyte configuration, compared to 1.92 V in the conventional lead-acid cell in 1 M H₂SO₄ and 1.40 V in a NiMH_x cell in 2 M KOH. This hybrid acid–alkaline PbO₂/NiMH_x battery was shown to operate with a voltage 20% higher than the conventional lead acid battery and 110% higher than nickel–metal hydride battery at 1/3 C discharging rate. The concentrations of the three electrolytes, the dimension of the electrolyte chamber, and other cell/operation parameters with impacts on the hybrid cell performance were investigated.     

MH/Ni电池高温性能的研究进展

综述并分析了MH/Ni电池在高温下的基本性能,包括充电效率、发热及合金的容量衰减问题;总结了各种改善MH/Ni电池高温性能的方法,包括提高正极高温充电效率和负极耐腐蚀性能.     

预充电对MH-Ni电池性能的影响

研究了MH—Ni电池封口后立即进行预充电和恒温处理对电池性能的影响;比较了不同预充电量对电池初容量、放电平台、高倍率放电、自放电以及高温搁置性能的影响。试验结果表明：预充电量为设计容量的30％最理想,但电池的自放电量相对较大。     

影响MH-Ni电池自放电的因素

从MH-Ni电池及电池组的设计、维护、制造工艺、贮存环境等方面阐述了对电池自放电的影响;讨论了镍电极配方、活性物质的分解、贮氢电极氢的析出、合金成分及处理工艺,MH电极的表面处理方法以及隔膜和电解液等对MH-Ni电池自放电的影响.同时对降低氢镍电池的自放电和提高电池的荷电保持能力提出了一些建议.     

贮氢合金粉体表面处理的研究

本文研究富镧稀土—镍(MlNi_5)合金粉体的表面处理,筛选出较好的配方及工艺条件,合金粉通过镀铜镀镍,可以提高其抗氧化和抗粉化能力;合金粉镀镍前采用胶体钯预处理可取得较好的效果,本文还研究了表面处理对金属氢化物电极性能的影响。     

MH/Ni电池储存性能研究

研究了氢镍电池长期储存性能,发现国内氢镍电池储存后普遍性能下降较大,主要原因是由正极性能下降所致。