利用粉煤灰生产SiC陶瓷原料

利用粉煤灰部分或全部代替石英砂,配以适量的锯末,在高温炉中特定的烧成制度下,采用SiO2-C还原法将粉煤灰中的二氧化硅与锯末中的碳结合制取高性能的SiC陶瓷原料。利用正交实验对合成工艺中的合成温度、保温时间、碳过量数进行了设计和探索性实验,并对合成产物中的碳化硅的含量进行了测试。研究表明,在经催化剂(FeCl26H2O)浸泡12小时,加入2%矿化剂,在1380℃的合成温度下,保温时间2小时,碳过量10%的情况下,生成的SiC陶瓷原料中SiC的含量在53.6%以上。     

粉煤灰絮凝剂对高浓度含酚废水的预处理试验研究

本文通过对粉煤灰和硫铁矿烧渣进行酸处理制备出粉煤灰絮凝剂,研究了自制粉煤灰絮凝剂对高浓度含酚废水进行预处理的适宜操作条件,考察絮凝剂投加量及废水pH值对絮凝效果的影响。     

Sex Pheromone Components in Defense of Melon Fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae Against Asian House Gecko, Hemidactylus frenatus

The Asian house gecko, Hemidactylus frenatus, after being acclimatized to feeding on the melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae, consumed fewer numbers of 15-day-old (DO) and older male melon flies compared to sexually immature flies 10 DO and younger. The first male melon fly that performed mating did so on the 10th day after eclosion (DAE), but >80% of the males performed their first mating between 10 and 15 DAE. This confirmed that between 10 and 15 DAE most male melon flies are already sexually mature and producing sex pheromone. Synthetic 1,3-nonanediol, a component of male melon fly sex pheromone produced endogenously, when topically applied onto the thorax of housefly Musca domestica at ca. 80 or 320 ng/fly, reduced consumption by geckos compared with untreated flies in subsequent days after the first day in a four-day feeding test. Raspberry ketone (RK) is consumed and sequestered into the pheromonal gland and later released as a pheromonal component of male melon fly. Houseflies topically treated with 2.6 g RK/fly did not deter predation by geckos. However, houseflies treated with 5.1 g RK/fly caused geckos to consume fewer flies, especially on the third and fourth days during a four-day feeding test, compared with the period when they were offered untreated flies.     

利用城市垃圾焚烧飞灰煅烧水泥熟料初探

针对垃圾焚烧飞灰化学组成上的特点,进行了利用垃圾焚烧飞灰烧制水泥熟料的探索研究,通过试验研究了其对水泥生料的易烧性、烧制的水泥熟料的力学性能和水化速率等的影响规律。研究结果表明,垃圾焚烧飞灰可以用作水泥原料从而有效地降低其处置成本,减少其对环境造成的二次污染,硬化水泥浆体水化28d时各重金属浸出量低于鉴别标准规定的指标,是一种有待开发的潜在的水泥原料资源。     

三峡工程高掺量粉煤灰混凝土碳化性能研究

研究了不同掺量粉煤灰混凝土碳化速率及其碳化前后强度和抗渗性的变化 ,分析了粉煤灰掺量和火山灰反应与粉煤灰混凝土碳化速率的关系 ,讨论了粉煤灰混凝土碳化前后强度和抗渗性变化的原因。     

湘潭电厂粉煤灰在建筑工程中的应用

本文首先简述湘潭电厂除、排灰情况，粉煤灰加工工艺和品质，然后较详细地用文字和图表表述该粉煤灰在水工工程、泵送砼工程、路面工程、砂浆及轻质砼中的应用。     

用增钙粉煤灰配制高强混凝土的试验研究

本文探讨了利用增钙粉煤灰配制高强混凝土的可行性。研究结果表明，增钙粉煤灰的品质，取代水泥率等因素对混凝土的性能产生直接影响，采用品质较好的增钙粉煤灰取代２０％左右的水泥（超量系数为１．２），可配制Ｃ６０等级的高强混凝土，其它物理力学性能均满足高强混凝土要求。     

Electroantennographic and coupled gas chromatographic-electroantennographic responses of the mediterranean fruit fly,Ceratitis capitata,to male-produced volatiles and mango odor

We have identified five compounds from the headspace of calling male Mediterranean fruit flies (medfly),Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), and three compounds from the headspace of ripe mango (Mangifera indica L). using coupled gas chromatographic-electroantennographic (GC-EAG) recordings, coupled gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) analysis, and electroantennographic (EAG) assays of standards. The male-produced volatiles eliciting responses from female antennae were ethyl-(E)-3-octenoate, geranyl acetate, (E,E)--farnesene, linalool, and indole. An EAG dose-response test of linalool enantiomers and indole with female medfly antennae showed relatively strong EAG activities, but no significant difference between (R)-(-)-linalool and (S)-(+)-linalool. The three mango volatiles were identified as (1S)-(-)--pinene, ethyl octanoate, and-caryophyllene. In addition, a strong antennal response was recorded from a contaminant,-copaene, present in a commercial sample of-caryophyllene. The EAG response amplitudes from both male and female antennae to the above three mango volatiles were significantly greater than to a hexanol control. For both male and female medfly antennae, the greatest EAG responses were elicited by-caryophyllene followed by ethyl octanoate. The mean EAG responses of female antennae to-caryophyllene and (1S)-(-)--pinene were significantly greater than those of male antennae.     

Strength, durability and micro-structural aspects of high performance volcanic ash concrete

This paper presents the results of investigations to assess the suitability of using volcanic ash (VA) as a cement replacement material to produce high performance concrete. Tests were conducted on concrete mixtures replacing 0 to 20% by mass of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) by VA. The performance of high performance volcanic ash concrete (HPVAC) mixtures was evaluated by conducting comprehensive series of tests on fresh and hardened properties as well as durability. The mechanical properties were assessed by compressive strength, while durability characteristics were investigated by rapid chloride permeability (RCP), drying shrinkage (DS), mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and microhardness tests. HPVACs showed better durability properties compared to control concrete with 0% VA. The improved performance of HPVACs was attributed to the refinement of pore structure, and pozzolanic action of VA. HPVAC having a minimum 28-day compressive strength of 60 MPa can be obtained by replacing up to 20% (by mass) of cement by VA. Development of non-expensive and environmentally friendly HPVAC with acceptable strength and durability characteristics (as illustrated in this study) is extremely helpful for the sustainable development and rehabilitation of volcanic disaster areas around the world.     

Determination of glass content and estimation of glass composition in fly ash using quantitative X-ray diffractometry

The proportion of amorphous or glassy material in a series of fly ashes has been evaluated by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) using the Rietveld-based SIROQUANT software package. Several different sample preparation and processing methods were investigated, including XRD analysis of samples spiked with known masses of synthetic corundum and zinc oxide as well as techniques based on analysing the raw or unspiked fly ash directly using the SIROQUANT process. In the latter case, two different poorly crystallised silicate mineral patterns, metakaolin and tridymite, were used in the SIROQUANT processing of the raw ash XRD data to represent the amorphous constituents. The results of the different methods based on XRD of spiked samples were found to be mutually consistent, and also consistent with other published data for an international reference fly ash sample. SIROQUANT analysis of the unspiked fly ashes gave similar results, although different poorly crystallised silicate reference patterns seem to be more suited for ashes from Australian and North American sources.The mineralogy of the ashes, including the proportions of quartz, iron oxide and glassy constituents, appears to be related to the nature of the mineral matter in the relevant feed coals. Calculations based on subtracting the inferred chemistry of the crystalline minerals in the fly ashes from the total fly ash chemistry were also used to estimate the overall chemical composition of the glass fraction in each ash. The results indicate that ashes derived from lower-rank coals in the samples studied have different glass compositions to those derived from higher-rank (bituminous) materials. These different glass compositions appear to be related to several other ash properties, including particle density and particle surface area. Evaluation of glass content and composition may be significant in different aspects of ash utilisation, and also in evaluating interactions with water at ash disposal sites.