真空熔炼高压气体雾化制粉技术及设备

介绍了气体雾化粉的品种、用途及工业化生产。还介绍了真空熔炼-高压气体雾化制粉所需的设备。     

Some kinetic aspects of unsteady-state partial oxidation reactions. Dynamic processes on metal oxide surfaces

It is shown that steady-state kinetic data do not allow the discrimination between the redox and associated mechanisms of the partial oxidation reactions. A discrimination between these mechanisms was performed using transient experiments. The obtained rate expressions are in agreement with experimental kinetic data for catalytic partial oxidation of o-xylene.

An influence of the conjugate oxidation of a catalyst surface on dynamics and kinetics of the heterogeneous catalytic oxidative reactions is considered. Computing simulation of methane oxidative coupling of methane reaction at lowered temperature and elevated pressure has been performed. It showed that the reaction order with respect to oxygen exceeding unity is consistent with the chain branching mechanism of the reaction in the presence of TiSi₂ and TiB₂ and showed the important role of the branching chain cycles in the low-temperature OCM reaction at elevated pressure.     

东营深层盐膏层钻井液工艺

胜利油田东营深层盐膏地层发育,盐膏段厚度大,分布范围广,地层岩性十分复杂,钻井中经常发生喷、漏、塌、卡,遇阻、划眼、电测遇阻等井下复杂事故。郝科1井是在该区设计的一口重点深探井,宅钻井深5807.81m,井底最高温度230℃。介绍了深层盐膏层钻井液体系的转化工艺、性能控制、维护处理、防漏、堵漏、固相控制、抗污染和钻具缓蚀等技术,以及MMH聚合物饱和盐水钻井液在郝科1井的成功应用。结果表明,该钻井液在高密度下对盐膏层具有较强的抑制性、悬浮携砂性和抗污染性,抗温220—230℃。MMH聚合物饱和盐水钻井液体系及其配套技术满足了深层盐膏层钻井施工需要。     

Microstructure evolution during metal forming processes

Recrystallization and grain growth evolutions during metal forming processes are considered. Coupling between the thermo-mechanical and microstructure processes is realized. Die forging of a rear-axle flange is simulated numerically on the base of the finite element method. Material parameters of the models are obtained experimentally. The influence of interpass and holding times on grain size distributions in the end product is shown.     

Microstructural changes accompanying repair welding in 5xxx aluminium alloys and their effect on the mechanical properties

At the shipyards, the aluminium alloy 5083 is welded with a multi-pass sequence using the metal inert gas technique. If, while checking the weld integrity either after welding or during service, defects are detected in the vicinity of the weldment, repairs are usually employed to extend the service life.

The repair method involves removal of the upper passes, depending on the thickness and re-welding under the same conditions.

Purpose of this paper is to examine the microstructural changes accompanying repair welding, define their effect on properties of primary importance and set, if possible, an upper limit as far as the number of repairs is concerned.     

Influence of the deposition atmosphere on the characteristics of Pd–Mg thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition

Bilayered palladium (30 nm thick)–magnesium (350 nm thick) thin films were prepared using the pulsed laser deposition technique in the presence of various background gases (Ar, He and a mixture He + H₂) under different partial pressures (47 and 27 Pa). According to the deposition atmosphere, the Pd/Mg interface shows either a sharp or an extended transition. The electrochemical hydriding properties and the mechanical stability upon cycling of the Pd/Mg film are greatly improved when an extended «intermixing» zone between the Pd and Mg layers is present. The Pd–Mg films prepared under pure helium fulfill these conditions.     

柳钢混铁炉炉衬结构及运行管理的技改实践

针对混铁炉使用过程中出现的各种侵蚀状况，设计采用砖砌十浇注复合炉衬结构，特别对前墙拐角和后墙中段等侵蚀快的关键部位作了有针对性的技术改进；在运行管理上，制定推行全新的工艺操作规程，取得了显著的使用效果。     

Hydroprocessing peculiarities of Fischer–Tropsch syncrude

When catalysts developed for crude oil hydroprocessing are used for syncrude, there are syncrude-specific peculiarities to consider. These relate to differences in the nature and abundance of heteroatoms, olefins, metal species, waxes and aqueous products. Some important aspects are (a) heat release during naphtha and distillate hydroprocessing is very high, but wax hydrocracking is almost isothermal; (b) syncrude is sulphur-free and the use of sulphided base-metal hydroprocessing catalysts require the addition of sulphur-containing compounds to the syncrude; (c) oxygenates strongly adsorb on some catalytic surfaces to affect catalytic behaviour; (d) carbonyl–carboxylic acid interconversion and water produced by hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) may result in catalyst degradation by acid and hydrothermal attack; (e) carboxylic acids in syncrude result in equipment corrosion and catalyst leaching; (f) metal carboxylates are the main metal-containing species in syncrude and are not removed by hydrodemetallation (HDM) catalysis, but by thermal decomposition.