二灰稳定材料强度分析

通过大量的室内试验 ,分析了石灰、粉煤灰土、粉煤灰砂砾的无侧限抗压强度随石灰剂量、养护温度、龄期的增长规律 ,并给出了其回归关系。总结出了二灰稳定材料的强度规律以及对施工的指导意义。     

Disinfection of Drinking Water by UV Irradiation: Basic Principles - Specific Requirements - International Implementations

The quality control of UV drinking water disinfection has made an enormous progress in the last decade. The better understanding of the process and the higher quality assurance of the UV disinfection plants has increased the acceptance of UV drinking water disinfection. Three UV water disinfection standards were internationally developed by the USEPA, the German Association for Gas and Water and the Austrian Standards Institute. The quality assurance of safe UV water disinfection is based on 3 main prerequisites: the knowledge of the UV resistance of health related microorganisms transmittable by water, to set a sufficient high UV fluence, the careful evaluation of commercial UV plants and the control of the UV irradiation process during practical application by means of defined alarm points and a calibrated UV sensor, which allows checks against official specifications. Here we describe the basic principles of the validation of UV drinking water systems and point out the specific differences between the three international UV disinfection standards with regard to validation.     

Radiation-induced graft copolymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate onto poly(γ-methyl-L-glutamate) membrane in ethanol solution

The radiation-induced graft copolymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) onto poly(γ-methyl-L -glutamate) membranes was investigated in ethanol. The effects of dose, dose rate, concentration of HEMA, and temperature on the degree of grafting were studied. The initial rate of grafting copolymerization shows the following functional relationship equation: dG₀/dt = k[M]₀D˙^0.56. The average values of the apparent constants at 27 and 37°C for the initial rates of grafting are k₁ = 51 and k₂ = 91 G%h^−0.44 kGy^−0.56 mol⁻¹ L, respectively. The apparent activation energy of grafting copolymerization is E = 10.7 kcal/mol. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 68: 1575–1580, 1998     

铝型材砂面剂配制过程及经济效益评定

介绍了砂面剂的研制工作,在参考国内外技术资料的基础上,根据铝的性能,从碱液浓度、温度、搅拌、络合、整平、增光等方面进行试验,开发了铝型材砂面剂,取得了良好的经济效益。     

柔性倒置赝型三结太阳电池高能质子辐射效应研究

为考察柔性薄膜GaInP/GaAs/InGaAs倒赝型三结（IMM3J）太阳电池的抗辐照性能,本文对其进行了1、3、5 MeV高能质子辐照。SRIM模拟结果表明,1、3、5 MeV质子辐照在IMM3J电池中造成均匀的位移损伤。光特性(LIV)结果表明,开路电压(Voc)、短路电流(Isc)和最大输出功率(Pmax)与质子注量呈对数退化规律。通过非电离能量损失（NIEL）将不同能量质子的注量转化为位移损伤剂量（DDD）,结果显示,Voc和Pmax与DDD呈对数退化规律,而Isc遵循两种不同的退化规律。光谱响应测试证明,GaInP子电池具有优异的抗辐照性能,3个子电池中InGaAs(10 eV)子电池的抗辐照性能最差。     

电子束扫描宽度改进与扫描宽度上的剂量分布

对一台GJ-2型电子加速器的扫描装置作了技术改造,产品上的扫描宽度增加58％。对扫描宽度、辐照功率和吸收剂量等做了测试并对辐照工艺进行了研究。结果表明,生产效率提高了69％。     

G(E)法与Gravel法处理能谱-剂量转换效果研究

为准确地得到γ射线的辐射剂量,对G(E)函数法和Gravel算法处理能谱-剂量的转换效果进行了研究。根据实际应用需求,采取蒙特卡罗方法模拟获取了?50 mm×50 mm NaI(Tl)探测器的Gravel法响应矩阵,并使用Matlab得到探测器的G(E)函数。使用NaI(Tl)探测器和多道谱仪系统测量标准源的能谱,分别使用G(E)法和Gravel法计算剂量值并与理论值进行比较,同时在计算过程中总结对比了两种方法的特点。     

2‐Alkylcyclobutanones as markers for the detection of irradiated mango,papaya, Camembert cheese and salmon meat

Experimental work was carried out in order to determine the usefulness of the 2‐alkylcyclobutanones as markers for irradiated Camembert cheese, salmon meat, mango and papaya. Both 2‐dodecylcyclobutanone (2‐DCB) and 2‐tetradecylcyclobutanone (2‐TCB) were readily detected in Camembert cheese even after storage for 26 days at 10 °C. A linear relationship was observed between irradiation dose (0.5–5 kGy) and the amount of cyclobutanone produced in the cheese. 2‐DCB and 2‐TCB were both identified in salmon meat irradiated in either the chilled (4 °C) or frozen state (−40 °C), although it was noted that less 2‐DCB was measured in the frozen samples. A linear response to increasing irradiation dose was demonstrated for salmon over the experimental range of 1–10 kGy. 2‐TCB was identified as the main marker for irradiated mango and could be detected in samples following storage for 14 days at 10 °C at doses as low as 0.1 kGy. As for the other products investigated, the concentration of this cyclobutanone increased linearly with increasing dose (0.1–2 kGy). With regard to papaya, 2‐DCB was identified as the principal irradiation marker. However, the concentration of this cyclobutanone decreased significantly with time, so that by day 21 of storage at 10 °C it could only be detected at the 2 kGy dose level. 2‐Tetradecenylcyclobutanone (2‐TDCB) was also detected in irradiated mango and papaya. © 2000 Society of Chemical Industry     

从纳武利尤单抗用法用量变更看模型引导的药物开发方法在剂量优化中的应用

纳武利尤单抗是一种针对细胞程序化死亡-1（PD-1）受体的人源化单克隆抗体,2014年美国食品药品管理局（FDA）初始批准的用法用量为3 mg/kg每2周一次（Q2W）,2016年变更为固定剂量240 mg Q2W,后于2018年获得批准使用480 mg Q4W。基于已有临床研究数据,采用模型引导的药物开发（MIDD）方法对药物暴露量、安全性和有效性进行分析的结果,是支持监管部门批准纳武利尤单抗新用法用量的关键证据。本文分析了纳武利尤单抗最初上市以及后续2次剂量变更过程中的相关研究内容和评价考虑,讨论了MIDD方法在剂量优化中的应用。     

The clinical practice of 252Cf neutron brachytherapy devices on malignant tumor in China

The 252Cf neutron brachytherapy devices were designed and manufactured after solving those problems: the shield difficulties for 252Cf neutron; the method and facilities for 252Cf neutron source deliver; the dose calculation and measurement for 252Cf neutron. From 1999-2009, more than twenty 252Cf neutron brachytherapy devices had been installed in China. The Chinese radiation oncologists implemented the 252Cf neutron brachytherapy on more than 5 000 different kinds of cancer patients, including cervix cancer; endometrium cancer and achieved ideal results. For special presentation, they had breakthrough on radical treatment for low lying rectal adenocarcinoma with sphincter preservation and melanoma patients after the modification of 252Cf neutron intracavitary applicator and dose calibration.