On the ultra-miniaturization of concentrator solar cells

The trend of cell miniaturization in concentrator photovoltaics (CPV) - currently in mm-scale and motivated by efficiency improvements linked to reduced series resistance - begs the question whether fundamental energetic considerations limit ultra-miniaturization. Mitigating factors subsume the busbars and metallization grid, the contributions of which embody subtle tradeoffs and vary non-trivially as cell size is reduced - evaluated via a distributed circuit simulation model, with some supporting experimental evidence. Concurrently, the influence of cell size on how metal grid design can lower series resistance is assessed, prompted by micro-concentrators that completely eliminate grid shadowing and allow far greater metallization coverage.     

变压吸附制氧机微型化研究

探讨了变压吸附制氧机微型化的一般途径:使用分离性能好的分子筛,以减小制氧机的体积与重量;在工艺流程中增加均压步骤,以降低能耗,减小体积;优化吸附塔结构,以降低其高度;将双塔结构改为多塔结构,可以很大程度地降低制氧机的高度;把制氧机做成分体式,将其从室内移到室外,以达到室内“零”体积。降低产品气纯度标准,使其仅用于氧保健领域,也是微型化研究的方向。     

天线控制子系统小型化浅淡

小型化武器具有重量轻、体积小、造价低、不易被发现和摧毁等特点 ,在未来战场上有着强劲的发展前景和潜力。重点介绍了飞机天线控制子系统的小型化做法 ,并结合实际工程应用 ,进行简介和论述     

Micro technology in heat pumping systems

Micro heat pumps, with dimensions in the order of centimetres, may in the future be utilised for the heating and/or cooling of buildings, vehicles, clothing, and other products or applications. A number of issues have yet to be solved, including the construction of a microscale compressor, and determination of micro heat exchanger heat transfer capacities. Test samples of micro heat exchangers and a corresponding test apparatus have been built. Some two-phase experiments with propane (R-290) as refrigerant have been conducted. Preliminary results for a micro condenser with 0.5 mm wide trapezoidal channels of 25 mm length showed that a heat flux of up to 135 kW/m², based on the refrigerant-side area, was attainable. The corresponding overall heat transfer coefficient was 10 kW/(m² K), with a refrigerant mass flux of 165 kg/(m² s) and a refrigerant-side pressure drop of 180 kPa/m.     

一种新型铠装式空气绝缘金属封闭开关柜

介绍一种新型的高可靠性小型化开关柜,包括主要技术参数、设计、试验情况等。根据其结构特点,对主要应用场合进行说明。     

铷原子频标物理系统小型化设计

介绍了一种用于铷原子频标的小型化物理系统。该物理系统采用了开槽管式微波腔和分离滤光设计方案,体积为30 cm³。对该物理系统进行了初步测试,短期频率稳定度为3.8×10^-12/τ^1/2,表明该物理系统同时具备了小型化和高信噪比特点,可以应用于高性能小型化铷原子频标。     

双读数系统的天基绝对式光电编码器设计

为了有效地减小航天相机的体积、减轻其重量并满足冷备份要求,设计了双读数系统的天基绝对式光电编码器。首先,根据航天相机的要求,对绝对式光学码盘进行了小型化设计;然后,根据码盘的特点设计了双读数狭缝盘及读数系统;最后,对设计的双读数系统的天基绝对式光电编码器进行了精度检测。实验结果表明：双读数系统的天基绝对式光电编码器外形尺寸为f50 mm×32 mm、重量为150g、分辨力为20″、精度为σ≤30″。本编码器具有读数系统冷备份功能,且体积小、重量轻、抗干扰能力强、满足航天相机的要求。     

考虑地震测网密度预测小断层的改进图解法

地震剖面所能识别的断层断距通常大于１５ｍ，小断层的识别是油田地质研究中的一大难题。若将在同一地质作用下形成、产于同一地质体内的具有相同性质的所有断层视为一个总体，用帕雷托（Ｐａｒｅｔｏ）模型可以表示断层的总体分布。用图解法对未检测到的小断层进行预测时，要考虑地震测网密度对断层识别的影响。提出改进的图解法，计算给定地震测网密度下一特定规模的断层被检测到的概率（简称为检测概率），并以此检测概率为指导，用最小二乘法来估计断层的分布参数，以提高小断层预测的精度。在此基础上，可以根据断层断距和长度之间的统计关系，用一个参数的总体分布估算另一个参数的总体分布     

Fabrication of miniature Clark oxygen sensor integrated with microstructure

A miniature Clark-type oxygen sensor has been integrated with a microstructure using a novel fabrication technique. The oxygen chip consists of a glass substrate with a three-electrode configuration, which is separated and connected by a groove, and a poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) container with an immobilized PDMS oxygen-permeable membrane. The assembly of the different substrates only uses the O₂ plasma bonding technique, and the fabrication temperatures do not exceed 95 °C. Characteristics of the miniature sensor include the fastest response time of 6.8 s, good linearity with a correlation coefficient of 0.995, and a long lifetime of at least 60 h. The present miniature Clark oxygen sensor can be readily integrated with a microfluidic system to form a μ-TAS.     

一种用于GSM系统的多层平面有源滤波器

给出一种新颖可用于GSM系统手持机(MS)的甚小型多层平面有源滤波器的结构、等效电路模型、最优化的数学模型和实现方法。提出了提高程序运行效率的“优化筛选法”。计算并讨论了1.85GHz频率下该滤波器的结构参数值和等效电路元件值与射频参数的关系,由此获得了最佳结构参数和等效电路值,计算表明在通带范围内该滤波器具有低噪声性能。