meso－苯基四苯并卟啉的合成和光谱性能研究（Ⅱ）

本文将ｍｅｓｏ－苯基四苯并卟啉锌（Ｚｎ－Ｐ_ｎＴＢＰｎ＝１～４）在酸性条件下脱锌，获得了不含金属离子的ｍｅｓｏ－苯基四苯并卟啉（Ｈ_２Ｐ_ｎＴＢＰｎ＝１～４）。研究了它们的吸收光谱、荧光光谱及在溶液状态下的瞬态光谱特性，并对照相应的锌卟啉，讨论了两者之间的光谱差异。     

An Experimental Investigation of Lime Juice Drying in a Pilot Plant Spray Dryer

One of the major problems in spray drying of fruit juices such as lime juice is stickiness and thermoplasticity of their compositions. Lime juice consists of invert sugars and citric acid, which have low glass transition temperatures. Due to this characteristic, the particles stick on the dryer wall upon their collision with it. As a result, drying of these materials is very difficult. In order to solve this problem, various percent of silicon dioxide and maltodextrin (DE5), based on total soluble solid content of lime juice, have been used to reach a suitable drying condition. A cool chamber wall spray dryer was used in this investigation in order to decrease the probability of particles stickiness on the wall. Our investigation revealed that an addition of 10% silicon dioxide and 20% maltodextrin (DE5) to lime juice is the optimum amount for a complete and successful drying of lime juice. Sampling of particles from different longitudinal distances in the dryer tower is carried out to find the particle moisture contents as they fly downward in the dryer. The results show a very fast decrease in entrance moisture contents. Based on our experimental data, the variation of moisture contents are presented as a function of radial distance from central line and longitudinal distance from the entrance region.     

氧化铝生产赤泥附液吸收H_2S实验研究

对氧化铝生产附产赤泥吸收净化H2 S废气进行了实验研究 ,赤泥附液吸收H2 S具有吸收效率高、吸收容量大、易控制 ,操作简便等优点 ,在较少时间内对H2 S的吸收效率保持在 90 %以上。     

沉淀法白炭黑化学指标与胶料物理性能的关系

分析了沉淀法白炭黑BET，CTAB，Ssears比表面，DBP吸油值，平均粒径与粒径分布对胶料物理性能的影响。得出结论：满足轮胎综合力学性能的沉淀法白炭黑应为低BET比表面积，低BET与CTAB比，高BET与Ssears比，适中的DBP吸油值，中值粒径小且易崩解的产品。     

高纯度氨氮回收技术及装备

开发了全填料结构的吸收、精馏、压缩冷凝新型复合分离流程及装备。该流程和装备用于精细化工厂氨氮废气(水)的处理,在获得高收率、高纯度液氨产品的同时,基本上实现了气、液无污染排放。     

钽平台-石墨炉原子吸收法测定高背景废水样品中的Cd、Pb

运用钽平台石墨管测定基体成分复杂的废水样品中的Cd、Pb元素,基本消除了基体残留影响和记忆效应,降低了背景吸收,提高了灵敏度。样品经超声波仪粉碎后直接进样,用校正曲线法测定,简化了操作步骤,减少了测定时间,延长了石墨管使用寿命。其测定值与石墨平台标准加入法测定值结果一致。样品回收率:Cd为96.9%～104%,Pb为98.2%～106%,Cd的相对标准偏差(RSD)为3.04%～4.24%,Pb的RSD为2.93%～6.53%。     

Mechanism of hydrogen adsorption/absorption at thin Pd layers on Au(1 1 1)

Hydrogen adsorption and absorption at thin palladium deposits of 0.8-10 monolayers (ML) on Au(1 1 1) was studied in 0.1 M H₂SO₄ and HClO₄ using cyclic voltammetry, ac voltammetry, and impedance spectroscopy in the absence and in the presence of poison, crystal violet. Hydrogen adsorption on palladium is more reversible in sulfuric acid than in perchloric acid but it occurs at potentials 30 mV more positive in latter. The charge-transfer resistance exhibits a minimum at ∼0.27 V versus RHE and decreases with increasing in Pd deposit thickness in both acids. Adsorption capacitance at 0.8 ML Pd reaches maximum at the same potential. At other deposits the pseudo-capacitance starts to increase at lower overpotentials indicating the beginning of absorption, even at 2 ML Pd. The double layer capacitance is similar for all the deposits in sulfuric acid and it has a sharp maximum at 0.27 V versus RHE. In perchloric acid a broad maximum is observed. Crystal violet inhibits hydrogen adsorption but makes hydrogen absorption more reversible. The results suggest a fast direct hydrogen absorption mechanism that proceeds in parallel with slower hydrogen adsorption and indirect absorption.     

Moisture adsorption characteristics of a thin bed of polycrystalline potash pellets: Part I. Experimental study

This study is an experimental investigation of heat and moisture transfer within a packed bed of polycrystalline, porous potash pellets. Experiments were first performed to determine the moisture uptake characteristics on individual pellets subject to a step-change in relative humidity. Then a bed of pellets was subjected to flows of humid air on the upper boundary and a cold impermeable surface on the lower boundary resulting in a temperature gradient across the bed. Temperature and moisture content were measured within the bed. It was found that moisture uptake is less for potash pellets and they are less likely to cake than granular and standard potash when subjected to the same ambient air conditions. This is due to the porous nature of the pellet and its nearly uniform size and spherical shape.     

Relation of swelling and Tg depression to the apparent free volume of a particle‐filled,epoxy‐based adhesive

The effect of hygrothermal aging on a particle‐filled, epoxy‐based adhesive was studied using a gravimetric sorption technique. This study has explored moisture sorption characteristics as well as the associated behaviors of swelling and the depression of the glass transition temperature (T_g). We observed that the diffusion of water in this adhesive has a non‐Fickian behavior, and the depression of T_g proceeds to a definite value that is independent of the final equilibrium water content of the system. Our observations suggest that water diffuses into the polymer in a dual‐sorption mode, in which water resides in two populations. In one population, water is considered to occupy apparent free volume of the adhesive, and the second population water infiltrates polymer structure and forms hydrogen‐bonded clusters. Our results show that hygrothermal aging temperature and swelling do not alter the apparent free volume of this adhesive. We conclude that the constant value of T_g depression at saturation implies that only water in the apparent free volume is responsible for the T_g depression, whereas the swelling proceeds through the formation of hydrogen bonds in the adhesive. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 87: 1436–1444, 2003     

Aspects of moisture kinetics of coal bottom ash in concrete

The moisture kinetics aspects of composite granular material samples composed of natural sand and bottom ash (BA) from thermoelectric power stations and the use of this material in the production of durable concretes, in relation to water transport, are here discussed. The evaluations of the phenomenon of water absorption by capillarity and the loss of water through air drying until hygroscopic equilibrium, were carried out in accordance with classic procedures found in the literature and also newly developed procedures. The results showed that due to the high porosity of BA, the water absorption by capillarity along with the absorption velocity were higher in the compositions with greater BA content. The values for moisture equilibrium from air drying, absorption from capillarity and sorptivity obtained in the hygroscopic equilibrium tests, carried out on the same samples after absorption, were also higher in the samples with BA. These samples also requited a longer drying time.