聚乙烯醇膜的阻醇及导电性能(Ⅱ)戊二醛交联聚乙烯醇膜

为提高直接甲醇燃料电池(DMFC)用膜的阻醇性能，采用在渗透蒸发领域广泛使用且具有良好分离效果的聚乙烯醇(PVA)为主要材料，制备了戊二醛(GA)交联PVA膜，考察了此类膜的阻醇及质子导电能力。PVA(GA)膜的阻醇效果较目前在DMFC中广泛使用的Nation膜有显著提高，但其自身不具有质子导电能力，需外加电解质溶液以提高其电导率。     

小剂量辐照小鼠胸腺细胞膜流动性的变化

报道了以茈为荧光探针,探讨小剂量~(60)Co γ射线照射后小鼠胸腺细胞膜流动性的变化。结果表明,剂量在0.25-1.00Gy范围,胸腺细胞膜流动性降低与剂量之间呈明显线性关系。从0.50Gy起,辐照组荧光强度比值I_1/I_2与I_3/I_2与对照组的比较存有显著差异(P<0.05)。提示淋巴细胞膜流动性的变化可作为小剂量辐照早期效应的敏感指标。     

二硫代磷酸硫化氧钼与硫,磷添加剂的复配特性研究

研究了二烷基二硫代磷酸硫化氧钼（ＭｏＤＴＰ）摩擦改进剂及其与硫、磷、硫－磷型添加剂复合的抗磨减摩性能。试验表明，经过适当复配后，这类合活性元素的添加剂对ＭｏＤＴＰ的抗磨减摩性能均有增效作用，同一类型添加剂的活性愈高，增效作用愈显著。同时利用扫描电镜和Ｘ－射线能谱仪进行摩擦副表面膜的形貌照相及元素分析，对复合作用的机理进行了初步探讨。     

Development of a predictive model for polymer/solvent diffusion coefficient calculations

A new calculation procedure for free‐volume parameters is considered in this work by using viscosity prediction methods and the Levenberg‐Marquardt calculation scheme. All parameters used in the Vrentas–Duda free‐volume theory can be estimated from pure component properties. The prediction results are compared with experimental data for some polymer/solvent systems. The diffusion coefficient calculated by Vrentas–Duda theory can be used in the modeling of membrane separation processes. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

Effect of functional group of ferrocene redox substance on the transport properties of newly designed ion exchange membrane prepared from polymer gel

A different newly designed cationic exchange polymer membrane and anionic exchange polymer membrane were introduced, and also the transport properties of these polymeric membranes were investigated in this study. The transport properties of these polymer membranes in contact with ferrocene redox derivatives were estimated by using electrochemical techniques such as cyclicvoltammetry, chronopotentiometry, and chronoamperometry techniques, respectively. The used ferrocene redox substances, which have different functional groups, were (Ferrocenylmethyl) trimethylamonium iodide, FcMA, Ferrocenedimethanol, FcDM, and Ferrocene carboxylic acid, FcCA. It indicated that the performance of a membrane depended on the content of polymer gel, anionic exchange polymer site (20 wt % and 50 wt %) or cationic polymer exchange site (20 wt % and 50 wt %), and the efficiency of the functional groups of cationic and anionic exchange polymer site as well. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

Preparation and characterization of metal-complex imprinted PVDF hollow fiber membranes

Using nickel-2,2′-dipyridyl complex as a template, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone as the metal coordination functional monomer, and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as the crosslinker, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane as the supported membrane, metal complex imprinted polymeric membranes were prepared. The association constant of template-monomer interaction in the prepolymerization solution was estimated to be 4.38 × 10⁴ (L/mol)² by spectrophotometric titration analysis. The attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron micrograph characterization indicated that the surface of the support PVDF membrane was completely coated by the imprinted polymer layer after modification. The imprinted membranes exhibited the selective permeability for the template in certain nickel acetate solution. The molecularly imprinted membranes gave higher permeation separation factors at about pH 6, whereas increasing pressure would lower the separation ability. The effects of ion concentration, cations and counterions, ligand selectivity, pH, and trans-membrane pressure were investigated and the permeation performances of the imprinted membranes could be regarded as facilitated transport mechanism. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

Water and salt permeability of reinforcement polymer‐gel composite membrane

The charged mosaic polymer membrane (CMM) without reinforcement and the composite charged mosaic polymer membrane (CCMM) with reinforcement were investigated in terms of salt and water transport (permeability). The composite charged mosaic polymer membrane (CCMM) with reinforcement showed a unique transport behavior such as preferential material transport L_p and ω. Water permeability coefficient, L_p and salt permeability coefficient, ω were estimated by taking account of active layer thickness of composite polymer gel. The L_p and ω values of CCMM with reinforcement were larger than those of CMM without reinforcement. On the other hand, the reflection coefficient of CCMM, σ, showed negative value, which suggested preferential material transport to solvent transport. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

国产50%离子膜法烧碱蒸发装置及运行情况

介绍了升降膜法双效逆流蒸发生产50%离子膜法烧碱的工艺流程、主要设备、装置特点及运行情况.     

Modifizierung des ABSE‐Polycarbosilazans mit Multi‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes zur Herstellung spinnfähiger Massen

Modification of the ABSE polycarbosilazane with multi‐walled carbon nanotubes for the creation of spinable masses An inexpensive method has been found to produce ceramic SiCN‐fibres via the precursor route consisting of five processing steps: synthesis of the polymer, preparation of the spinning mass, melt‐spinning, curing via electron beam and subsequent pyrolysis at 1100 °C in a nitrogen atmosphere. A special solid and meltable fibre polymer, the so‐called polycarbosilazane ABSE, has been developed in the last decade for this purpose. Due to its low molecular weight, an adequate catalytic and thermal aftertreatment was necessary to guarantee a stable melt‐spinning process. This article discusses an alternative way to prepare a qualified spinning mass, i.e. the addition of Multi‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNTs) to the ABSE melt. For this purpose a homogeneous dispergation of the MWCNTs in the ABSE matrix is necessary. In this study, spinning masses were fabricated in different ways. By optical analysis and comparison of the level of dispergation in these spinning masses an optimized process for integration of the MWCNTs was identified. The influence of the addition of a dispersing agent is investigated as well. In using a dispersing agent, the level of homogeneous dispersion of the MWCNTs increases whereas the interactions between the particles and the precursor melt decrease. In first spinning experiments a good spinability of the masses were noticed. Thus the addition of MWCNTs represents a new way to modify the ABSE precursor for the melt‐spinning process.     

F2.4微孔膜的制备及在膜蒸馏过程中应用的初步研究

采用相转化法制备了F2 4的疏水微孔膜 ,并对F2 4和PVDF微孔膜的机械性能以及疏水性等方面进行了对比 .结果表明 ,F2 4微孔膜在拉伸时的应变以及断裂伸长率约为PVDF微孔膜的 6～ 9倍 ;其接触角 (77 4°)也大于PVDF膜的接触角 (6 6 7°) .尽管膜蒸馏的数据显示F2 4微孔膜的蒸馏通量尚不及PVDF膜 ,但通过调节各项制膜参数 ,F2 4可能具有良好的应用前景