Durable antimicrobial treatment of cotton fabrics using N‐(2‐hydroxy)propyl‐3‐trimethylammonium chitosan chloride and polycarboxylic acids

N‐(2‐hydroxy)propyl‐3‐trimethylammonium chitosan chloride (HTCC), a water‐soluble chitosan quaternary ammonium derivative, was used as an antimicrobial agent for cotton fabrics. HTCC has a lower minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) against Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli compared to that of chitosan; however, the imparted antimicrobial activity is lost on laundering. Thus crosslinking agents were utilized to obtain a durable antimicrobial treatment by immobilizing HTCC. Several crosslinkers such as dimethyloldihydroxyethylene urea (DMDHEU), butanetetracarboxylic acid (BTCA), and citric acid (CA) were used with HTCC to improve the laundering durability of HTCC treatment by covalent bond formation between the crosslinker, HTCC and cellulose. The polycarboxylic acid treatment was superior to the DMDHEU treatment in terms of prolonged antimicrobial activity of the treated cotton after successive laundering. Also, the cotton treated with HTCC and BTCA showed improved durable press properties without excessive deterioration in mechanical strength or whiteness when compared to the citric acid treatment. With the addition of only 0.1% HTCC to BTCA solutions, the treated fabrics showed durable antimicrobial activity up to 20 laundering cycles. The wrinkle recovery angle and strength retention of the treated fabrics were not adversely affected with the addition of HTCC. Therefore, BTCA can be used with HTCC in one bath to impart durability of antimicrobial activity along with durable press properties to cotton fabric. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 1567–1572, 2003     

超轻型无人机光电侦察平台升降机构设计

为了解决搭载光电平台的无人机在飞行时受的阻力影响以及如何提高无人机的续航能力,增加无人机的飞行时间,针对此问题,设计了一种结构简单的无人机载光电侦察平台升降机构。光电平台工作时,通过升降机构伸出机外;光电平台停止工作时,收入机内,从而解决阻力的影响,另一方面,通过采用减轻升降机构重量,从而提高续航能力。升降机构采用碳纤维铝蜂窝夹层复合材料作为支撑板的主体材料,同以前应用的铝合金材料相比较,重量减轻4.5kg。经过多架次外场飞行试验,取得了良好效果,无人机续航能力有所加强。     

电成像测井资料裂缝识别技术及其应用

利用裂缝图像的颜色（或灰度）和产状特征,结合岩芯标定和常规测井资料,可以有效地识别裂缝,定量判断出裂缝位置、发育程度及裂缝性质,进而定量求取裂缝参数,为探索充填缝的纵横向变化规律奠定基础。     

咔唑腙为荧光指示剂的亚硝酸根传感器

合成了一种共轭的咔唑二聚体荧光载体9-乙基-3-咔唑亚甲基-咔唑腙(ECCH),用PVC包埋的方法可以将它固定在光纤传感器的表面,在溶液pH值为2.0时,亚硝酸根(NO2-)与过量的碘离子(I-)反应生成的碘三离子(I3-)能猝灭此ECCH光极膜的荧光.得到了可以检测NO2-的传感器,并讨论了此传感器的传感机理.传感器具有较好的稳定性、重现性和选择性,使用寿命长等优点.NO2-测定的线性范围为1.0×10-6~1.0×10-4mol.L-1;检出限为4.0×10-7mol.L-1.将传感器用于水样中NO-2的直接测定,回收率在96.0%~103.6%.     

LED激发叶绿素荧光探测仪的设计研究

对蓝光激发叶绿素的荧光光谱进行了分析,讨论了叶绿素荧光光谱的来源,采用调制式470nm绿光LED激发叶绿素,制成叶绿素荧光光谱仪,线性范围0—100μg／L,检出限0．1μg／L,该方法快速、灵敏、有很好的特异性．     

Citrate-stabilized CdSe/CdS quantum dots as fluorescence probe for protein determination

A rapid, ultrasensitive and convenient fluorescence measurement technology based on the enhancement of the fluorescence intensity resulting from the interaction of functionalized CdSe/CdS quantum dots (QDs) with bovine serum albumin (BSA) was proposed. The citrate-stabilized CdSe/CdS (QDs) were synthesized by using Se powder and Na₂S as precursors instead of any pyrophoric organometallic precursors. The modified CdSe/CdS QDs are brighter and more stable against photobleaching in comparison with organic fluorophores. At pH 7.0, the fluorescence signal of CdSe/CdS is enhanced by increasing the concentration of BSA in the range of 0.1–10 μg/mL, and the low detection limit is 0.06 μg/mL. A linear relationship between the enhanced fluorescence peak intensity (ΔF) and BSA concentration (c) is established using equation ΔF=50.7c+16.4 (R=0.996 36). Results of determination for BSA in three synthetic samples are identical with the true values, and the recovery (98.9%–102.4%) and relative standard deviation (RSD, 1.8%–2.5%) are satisfactory.     

荧光法研究3种黄酮化合物与牛血清白蛋白的结合作用

运用荧光光谱法研究了生理酸度条件下（pH=7.4）3种黄酮化合物白杨素、芹菜素和桑色素与牛血清白蛋白（BSA）的结合作用。结果表明,3种黄酮化合物均能与BSA形成基态复合物导致BSA内源荧光猝灭,猝灭机理为静态猝灭。结合常数K（芹菜素）〉K（白杨素）〉K（桑色素）,结合位点数近似等于1,白杨素与BSA之间以疏水作用为主,而芹菜素、桑色素与BSA之间的作用力主要是氢键和范德华力。黄酮分子结构中羟基位置及个数影响其与BSA间的结合作用,C4＇-OH对结合有促进作用,而C3-OH的取代则导致作用力减弱。由Frster非辐射能量转移理论,计算出3种黄酮化合物在蛋白质中的结合位置与212位色氨酸残基间的距离分别为2.44 nm（白杨素）、3.34 nm（芹菜素）和3.31 nm（桑色素）。     

楔条形阳极位置灵敏探测器图像非线性研究

基于楔条形阳极位置灵敏探测器的成像原理和二维傅里叶变换理论,提出了一种建立该类探测器成像模型的方法,进而模拟了探测器的成像效果,仿真了成像的几何非线性,仿真图像与实际图像基本符合。仿真结果表明:在阳极面板半径多出微通道板半径2P(P为阳极周期宽度)和电子云分布半宽度D为1.3P时,该类探测器的成像线性良好;电子云过小即D5P时,电子云超出楔条形阳极工作区域,成像边缘扭曲十分明显。     

定制非周期极化LiNbO3中多频率THz波的产生

描述一种非周期极化结构晶体中多频率太赫兹辐射波的产生.在此非周期结构的LiNbO3,超晶格中,基于飞秒脉冲二阶非线性光学整流效应,模拟多频率模式的太赫兹波形.通过选择最佳畴宽度,得到转换效率基本相等的3个主要太赫兹频率模式.该方法对多频率模式的个数无限制,且有助于多频率激光器中超晶格晶体的设计.     

Atomic scale imaging of monocrystalline Si （001） surface by molecular dynamic simulation

Non-contact atomic force microscopy(nc-AFM) atomic-scale imaging process of monocrystalline silicon surface using capped single-wall carbon nanotube tip is simulated by molecular dynamic method. The simulation results show that the nc-AFM imaging force mainly comes from the C-Si and C-C chemical covalent bonding forces, especially the former, the nonbonding Van der Waals force change is small during the range of stable imaging height. When the tip-surface distance is smaller than the stable imaging height, several neighboring carbon atoms at the tip apex are attracted, and some of them jump onto the sample surface. Finally the tip apex configuration is destroyed with the tip indenting further.