常温合成方式对Mg(OH)2粒径及过滤性能的影响

在常温下加入浆态晶种由MgCl2和NaOH制备Mg（OH）2，目的在于研究Mg（OH）2产品的粒径分布及其浆态溶液的过滤性能．实验结果表明：加入浆态晶种可增大Mg（OH）2产物的一次粒径和二次粒径，同时明显改善了其浆态溶液的过滤性能．     

不同脱乙酰度壳聚糖的制备及动力学研究

探讨了不同影响因素(反应温度、反应时间和试剂的浓度)对脱乙酰度的影响，确定了各种脱乙酰度壳聚糖的制备条件。推导出壳聚糖脱乙酰化反应的动力学方程：In(1-DD)=-kt，即脱乙酰化反应对于壳聚糖链上剩余氨基含量和氢氧化钠浓度为准一级反应。     

Preparation of Mn−Zn ferrite from spent zinc-carbon batteries by alkali leaching,acid leaching and Co-precipitation

The treatment of spent zinc-carbon batteries for the recovery of valuable metals followed by conversion to Mn−Zn ferrite has been conducted employing two-stage alkali and acid leaching and co-precipitation method. In the first stage, leaching process was carried out with 4 M NaOH, which resulted in a recovery of 63.4 %Zn and 0.1% Mn. Electrowinning of alkali leaching solution containing 12.75 g/L Zn at a current density of 0.2 A/cm² produced Zn metal of 15 nm to 30 nm size and 99.9% purity. The second stage leaching of residue with 3 M H₂SO₄ and 6 vol.% H₂O₂ at a solid/liquid ratio of 1∶10 indicated the leaching efficiency of 98.0% Zn, 97.9% Mn and 55.2% Fe. The obtained leaching solution was finally adjusted to suitable mole ratios of Mn∶Zn∶Fe (1∶1∶4) by the addition of Zn and Fe sulfate salts followed by pH control to produce Mn−Zn ferrite powder. The characterization of the ferrite powder showed uniform nano-crystalline particles of about 20 nm size with spinel structure.     

CATHODE ELECTRODEPOSITION OF LEAD IN Pb~(2 )-OH~--C_4H_4O_6~(2-) SYSTEM

ＣＡＴＨＯＤＥＥＬＥＣＴＲＯＤＥＰＯＳＩＴＩＯＮＯＦＬＥＡＤＩＮＰｂ２＋ＯＨ－Ｃ４Ｈ４Ｏ２－６ＳＹＳＴＥＭ①ＣｈｅｎＷｅｉｐｉｎｇ，ＣｈｅｎＦａｎｃａｉ，ＰｅｎｇＹａｎｂｉｎｇ，ＬｉＱｉｚｈｏｎｇ②，ＢｉａｎＫｅｊｕｎ，ＺｈｅｎｇＹｕｅＩｎｓｔｉ...     

Performance of NiB inhibitor for PbSCC of alloy 600 in Pb-contaminated water and caustic solutions

Nickel-based iron-chromium alloys are used as steam generator (SG) tubing materials in nuclear power plants (NPPs) but experience intergranular stress corrosion cracking (IGSCC) and lead stress corrosion cracking (PbSCC) due to the harsh operating conditions of NPPs. In order to improve the integrity of SGs, many studies have sought suitable inhibitors for IGSCC, while those for PbSCC have been sought to a limited extent. In this study, the performance of nickel boride (NiB) as an inhibitor for PbSCC was evaluated. Nickel boride has been shown to be a good inhibitor for IGSCC of Alloy (or Inconel) 600 in a caustic aqueous solution containing no lead (Pb). No significant SCC was observed to occur in Alloy 600 tested in pure water under the slow strain rate test (SSRT) condition in this study. A mixed mode of IGSCC and TGSCC, however, occurred relatively easily in Alloy 600 tested in pure water containing lead oxide (PbO) at 315 °C. The susceptibility of Alloy 600 to SCC decreased with the addition of NiB, implying that NiB can be used as an inhibitor for PbSCC in Pb-contaminated water.     

微波联合碱液煤炭脱硫研究

采用微波联合碱液的方法进行煤炭脱硫实验研究,考察了煤炭粒度、碱液浓度、辐照时间、微波功率对脱硫效果的影响,以及脱硫前后煤中矿物质与含硫官能团的变化。结果表明:在所选择的参数范围内,脱硫率随着煤炭粒度的减小而增大,随着碱液浓度、辐照时间、微波功率的增大而增大。XRD分析表明,脱硫后煤中矿物质种类未发生显著变化,但含量明显降低。红外光谱分析表明,脱硫后煤的整体结构未发生显著变化,但含硫官能团吸收峰明显减弱。     

RO浓水回用的处理技术研究

根据现有反渗透(RO)工艺的运行管理经验,确定一级RO浓水的回收工艺仍为RO工艺,即二级RO工艺再处理一级RO浓水。通过对一级RO浓水水质的分析,提出了O3/BAC和粉末活性炭/GAC两种预处理工艺去除浓水中的有机物,两种工艺均可保证系统的出水COD30mg/L,满足RO膜对进水COD的要求。以NaOH为软化剂进行RO浓水的软化中试,在NaOH的投加量为400～440 mg/L、聚合氯化铝(PAC)的投加量为5 mg/L(在软化反应后期投加)、曝气量为0.1 m3/(h.m2)的条件下,软化装置对总硬度、COD、NH3-N的去除率分别约为80%、(7%～12%)、30%。     

酚醛树脂为原料制备双电层电容器用电极材料的工艺研究

以酚醛树脂为原料，NaOH为活化剂制取双电层电容器用高比表面积活性炭电极材料，考察了炭化温度、活化温度、活化剂用量、活化时间等工艺参数对活性炭比电容的影响。实验结果表明，在炭化温度为600℃，活化温度为900℃，碱炭比为4，活化时间为1h的工艺条件下，制得的高比表面积活性炭比电容可达58．8F／g，用它组装成的电容器具有良好的充放电性能和循环性能，既能在大电流下快速充放电也能在小电流下缓慢充放电，但存在微孔所占比例较高引起的分散电容效应，这是大电流下放电容量有所下降的主要原因。     

碱性氧化浸出废弃手机线路板中的锡、铅

废弃手机线路板中含有重金属铅、镉、汞等有毒有害物质,处理不当会对环境和人体健康造成危害,但同时废弃手机线路板元器件中还含有丰富的有价金属元素。为回收废弃手机线路板元器件中的锡、铅,进行了碱性氧化浸出试验。结果表明,在氢氧化钠浓度为4 mol/L、间硝基苯磺酸钠浓度为11 g/L、浸出温度为80℃、浸出时间为60 min条件下,锡、铅浸出率分别达到99.51%和99.01%,其余主要金属浸出率均低于6%。