Progress in the Development of National Knowledge Infrastructure

This paper presents the recent process in a long-term research project,called National Knowledge Infrastructure(or NKI).Initiated in the early 2000,the project aims to develop a multi-domain shareable knowledge base for knowledge-intensive applications.To develop NKI,we have used domain-specific ontologies as a solid basis,and have built more than 600 ontologies.Using these ontologies and our knowledge acquisition methods,we have extracted about 1.1 millions of domain assertions.For users to access our NKI knowledge,we have developed a uniform multi-modal human-knowledge interface.We have also implemented a knowledge application programming interface for various applications to share the NKI knowledge.     

浅层页岩气高效勘探开发关键技术——以昭通国家级页岩气示范区太阳背斜区为例

昭通国家级页岩气示范区太阳背斜区浅层页岩气赋存与产能潜力受控于富有机质页岩储层厚度、物性、顶/底板封闭性、含气性及可压性五大地质要素,气藏显现出吸附气含量偏高、地层弱超压、初期产量相对偏低、气井产量稳定、递减率低等特征。通过创新集成,形成了浅层页岩气甜点选区评价技术、产能目标导向高效布井技术、国产近钻头地质导向技术、安全高效优快钻井技术、浅层页岩气体积压裂与精细控压排采等高效勘探开发关键技术,建立了太阳背斜区浅层页岩气开发示范基地,推动了昭通国家级页岩气示范区浅层页岩气勘探开发进程,引领了四川盆地以外中国南方复杂构造区海相山地浅层页岩气勘探开发进程。     

基于Visual FoxPro中表复制技术的研究

表复制是国家计算机等级考试中常出现的考试内容。通过对VFP中多个命令的介绍,分别阐述了几种实现表复制的不同方法与技术。     

发展社区体育,促进全民健身

社区体育是成功实施全民健身计划的重要手段。本文就开展社区体育的意义,以及开展社区体 育与全民健身之间的关系进行阐述,提出了社区体育的一些基本方式和要求。     

矿山企业推进基地建设的实践

以中国黄金集团公司实施基地建设实践为背景,阐述了矿山企业开展基地建设的必要性,从地质资源整合、基地依托企业、基地规划原则、基地规划宗旨以及规划目标等方面总结分析了中国黄金集团公司实施基地建设的经验,对中国矿山企业实施基地规划和建设具有一定的借鉴意义。     

Assessing the landscape context and conversion risk of protected areas using satellite data products

Since the establishment of the first national park (Yellowstone National Park in 1872) and the first wildlife refuge (Pelican Island in 1903), dramatic changes have occurred in both ecological and cultural landscapes across the U.S. The ability of these protected areas to maintain current levels of biodiversity depend, at least in part, on the integrity of the surrounding landscape. Our objective was to quantify and compare the extent and pattern of natural land cover, risk of conversion, and relationships with demographic and economic variables in counties near National Park Service units and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service refuges with those counties distant from either type of protected area in the coterminous United States. Our results indicate that landscapes in counties within 10 km of both parks and refuges and those within 10 km of just parks were more natural, more intact, and more protected than those in counties within 10 km of just refuges and counties greater than 10 km from either protected area system. However, they also had greater human population density and change in population, indicating potential conversion risk since the percent of landscape protected averaged < 5% in both groups and human population dynamics are primary drivers of change in many landscapes. Conversion outweighed protection by at least two times (Conservation Risk Index > 2) in 76% of counties near both parks and refuges, 81% of counties near just parks, 91% of counties near just refuges, and 93% of distant counties. Thirteen percent of counties in the coterminous U.S. had moderate to high amounts of natural land cover (> 60%), low protection (< 20%), and the greatest change in population (> 20%). Although these areas are not the most critically endangered, they represent the greatest conservation opportunity, need, and urgency. Our approach is based on national level metrics that are simple, general, informative, and can be understood by broad audiences and by policy makers and managers to assess the health of lands surrounding parks and refuges. Regular monitoring of these metrics with satellite data products in counties surrounding protected areas provides a consistent, national level assessment of management opportunities and potentially adverse changes on adjacent lands.     

兼容二元:中国县镇乡发展的基本判断与路径选择

新型城镇化的国家战略对于县、镇、乡是一次新的发展机遇。通过更大数量和更基层的县城、镇等的发展,将城市资本与数量众多的县、镇、乡的土地、劳动力等资源集合起来,能够进一步生产和扩大市场,维持社会稳定。结合城乡关系过程的政治经济分析和历史讨论,作者提出县镇乡"兼容二元"的发展路径。但县、镇、乡的发展不仅仅与市场有关,它们的发展也不仅仅是被整合入全球经济生产链的问题。它们的开放或内生性发展对于地方的文化发展、大地景观、生活方式与价值理念、环境状况等都将有巨大影响,这仍然需要进一步讨论。     

国家甘蔗品种第4轮区试漳州蔗区试验总结

在2003年漳州蔗区举行的国家甘蔗品种第4轮区域试验中,参试的12个国家甘蔗品种在农艺性状方面表现为出苗率一般,分蘖力强,植株高大。对蔗茎产量和蔗糖分进行综合分析,表现最好的甘蔗品种是闽糖92—505和福农95—1702;表现较好的甘蔗品种是云蔗94—375、福农96—0616和赣南95—108;表现最差的品种是粤糖96—244;其余品种表现一般。     

全国地质资料馆到馆服务情况分析

地质资料具有重大价值,一直以来地质资料服务是地质资料部门的核心业务之一,目前已形成多样的地质资料服务方式,但受限于保密等因素,很多具有重要价值地质资料的服务方式依然是以到馆服务为主。本文利用全国地质资料馆2016年度到馆服务的数据,从总体情况、资料利用情况、到馆阅者情况进行了综合分析。总结了地质资料服务需求特点,对未来地质资料服务工作提出了建议。     

食品法典标准与我国粮油食品标准的比较

本文介绍了食品法典的标准体系和主要内容，并将食品法典中的粮油食品标准与我国粮油食品标准进行了系统的比较，提出了目前我国粮油食品标准体系中存在和亟待解决的一些问题。