Effects of a base coating used for electropolymerization of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) on indium tin oxide electrode

Electropolymerization of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) films on indium tin oxide (ITO), using a very thin PEDOT:poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) film as a base coating, was carried out in a non-aqueous solution containing the monomer, an electrolyte and propylene carbonate by a two-electrode system. For comparison, PEDOT film electrodeposited on bare ITO substrate under the same condition was also presented. The PEDOT films deposited on these two substrates were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy disperse X-ray spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The results indicate that the PEDOT film electrodeposited on bare ITO was not uniform, while the PEDOT film electrodeposited on PEDOT:PSS/ITO has better uniformity. The compositions of the different regions of PEDOT film electrodeposited on bare ITO and PEDOT:PSS/ITO were studied and discussed. Electrochromic devices (ECDs) based on PEDOT films electrodeposited on bare ITO and PEDOT:PSS/ITO were fabricated and characterized by UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometric study. The results show that the display contrast of the ECD based on PEDOT film electrodeposited on PEDOT:PSS/ITO was improved over that on a bare ITO substrate.     

热浸镀铝技术的研究进展及应用

介绍了热浸镀铝技术的原理和熔剂法、森吉米尔法两种主要工艺,概括了热浸镀铝技术的研究进展和工业应用趋势,指出加入适量的稀土元素在热浸镀层中能有效地改善镀层耐蚀性、耐高温氧化性、成形性和装饰性。热浸镀铝技术将会在以下几个方面开展工作:新工艺的全面细化量化型的研究;对热浸渗原理和浸渗理论的进一步研究和探索;对稀土的作用机理的深入研究以及不断完善工艺和技术,扩大其在工业生产上的应用。     

预钙化加速类骨磷灰石在镍钛合金表面生长的电化学阻抗谱

通过酸碱处理活化NiTi合金表面,在模拟体液中仿生生长类骨磷灰石层以改善其生物相容性.采用电化学阻抗谱研究了预钙化对加速磷灰石沉积的影响,并基于双层模型建立了电子等效电路.结果表明:随着在模拟体液中浸泡时间的延长,化学处理的NiTi合金表面类骨磷灰石不断生长,并且添加预钙化试样浸泡3 d,即可在合金表面生长出均匀完整的类骨磷灰石层,而未预钙化试样表面沉积物稀少.对应电子等效电路中,预钙化试样电阻值明显大于未预钙化试样的,显示预钙化促进了活化NiTi合金表面类骨磷灰石的生长.     

炸药晶粒包覆结构对PBX动态损伤影响的近场动力学模拟

为了研究包覆结构对高聚物粘结炸药(PBX)动态损伤的影响,基于非局域近场动力学理论(Peridynamics, PD),结合Voronoi方法构建了含单层或双层包覆结构的高聚物粘结炸药(Polymer bonded explosive, PBX)的PD计算模型,模拟了不同加载条件下PBX的损伤响应。模拟结果显示,采用粘接剂1包覆时,相比于单层包覆而言,当加载速度分别为20,40 m·s^-1和60 m·s^-1时,双层包覆结构使HMX晶粒的损伤分别降低了42.8%,87.2%和46.8%,明显降低了PBX中HMX晶粒的损伤。HMX晶粒采用单层包覆结构时,损伤模式主要表现为穿晶损伤,采用双层包覆结构时,损伤模式转变为沿晶损伤。研究还得到了双层包覆结构下不同包覆材料对HMX损伤影响的定量结果,并据此得到了不同包覆结构的性能排序。同时发现包覆结构能够影响HMX晶粒内应力状态,从而影响HMX损伤程度。     

Y对轴承钢上激光熔覆FeCoCrNi涂层结构和冲蚀磨损的影响

以激光熔覆方法在轴承钢上制得FeCoCrNi-xY高熵合金涂层,并对其处于气体环境中的耐高温冲蚀性进行了测试。研究Y对涂层结构和冲蚀磨损的影响。研究结果表明：随着Y增大,蜂窝形组织开始减少直到全部消失,生成了许多尺寸较小的M颗粒,形成了粒径更小以及分布形态更均匀的Y化物组织。提高Y的加入量后,涂层发生了硬度先减小再增大势,测试得到的硬度值介于720-960 HV范围内。当逐渐提高冲蚀角后,FeCoCrNi-xY涂层发生了冲蚀磨损率持续增大。FeCoCrNixY涂层获得了高于轴承钢的硬度,呈现明显的脆性特点。对FeCoCrNi-0.3Y涂层冲蚀形成了深度更大的犁沟,达到了更高的冲蚀磨损率。当温度提高后,磨损率同样呈现增大现象,不过变化幅度较低。各攻角下的涂层磨损形式并未受到温度的明显影响。     

纳米粒子几何结构对膨胀型防火涂料阻燃和抑烟性能的影响

为了研究纳米粒子几何结构对膨胀型防火涂料阻燃和抑烟性能的影响,以聚磷酸铵(APP)-季戊四醇(PER)-三聚氰胺(MEL)-硼酸三聚氰胺(MB)为阻燃体系,硅丙乳液为成膜物质,分别添加球形纳米二氧化硅(Si O2)、经硅烷偶联剂KH560改性的管状碳纳米管(KH560–CNT)和片状水滑石(LDH)制备了3种水性膨胀型防火涂料。采用小室法、隧道法及模拟大板法研究了涂层的防火阻燃性能,再结合热重分析、扫描电镜分析和能谱分析,考察了涂层的热解性能和炭层结构。结果表明,球形Si O2和片状LDH能有效增强防火涂料的阻燃和抑烟性能,表现出较好的协效作用;管状KH560–CNT则会恶化防火涂料的阻燃和抑烟性能,表现出对抗作用。当纳米填料的质量分数为0.5%时,片状LDH表现出最优的协效作用,火焰传播比值为12.5,烟密度等级为14.1%。这是因为它能促进涂层在燃烧过程中形成更多的含磷和含硼交联结构,有效增强了炭层的致密性、连续性和隔热性能。     

Internal surface protection of gas turbine blade by Si‐aluminide coating

A laboratory‐scale slurry silicoaluminizing process has been developed to apply coating into cooling passageways of a first‐stage gas turbine blade. Analytical techniques for characterizing the coatings comprised optical microscopy, SEM, EDS, and XRD. The results of metallographic examinations demonstrated that acceptable coatings had been formed in almost all of the passageways. The amounts of Al and Si in the topcoat were found to be in the ranges of 24–26 wt% and 4.5–6 wt%, respectively. The heat treated coating consisted largely of β‐NiAl phase as the coating matrix with uniform distribution of <2 µm‐size precipitates. In addition, oxidation and hot corrosion performance of the coatings were investigated by cyclic exposure to 1100 °C and the furnace method using a mixture of sodium sulfate‐40 wt% sodium vanadate‐10 wt% sodium chloride at 780 °C, respectively. It was found that the presence of Si in the coating improves both oxidation and hot corrosion Type II properties.     

Coating of TiB2 dispersed Ti50Ni50 superelastic alloy layer onto Ti-6Al-4V alloy by spark and resistance sintering

The spark and resistance sintering (SRS) of a mixture of Ti, Ni, and TiB₂ powders was carried out to form a TiB₂ dispersed TiNi alloy layer onto a Ti-6Al-4V alloy substrate. The strength and delamination resistance of the surface layer were evaluated by three-point bending tests. The results showed that the bending strength of the specimen with the TiNi alloy surface layer without TiB₂ particles sintered at 1273 K was low because the crack initiation occurred at an early stage of loading in a thick interface layer containing brittle Ti-Ti₂Ni eutectic. By decreasing the sintering temperature to 1200 K, the bending strength increased and the crack initiation occurred from the surface because the interface layer was thin and did not contain the brittle Ti-Ti₂Ni eutectic. For the specimens with TiB₂ dispersed TiNi surface layer that was sintered at 1273 K, the bending strength was larger than that of the specimens with TiNi surface layer because the interface layer does not contain the Ti-Ti₂Ni eutectic and compressive residual stress generated in the surface layer during cooling process after SRS suppresses the crack initiation on the surface. The coating of TiB₂ dispersed TiNi alloy onto titanium alloys by SRS provides strong interface to prevent delamination of the surface layer, strong surface due to residual compressive stress, and wear-resistant surface due to the existence of hard TiB₂ particles and superelastic deformation of TiNi matrix.