Gamma ray irradiation induced point defects in BaF2

There are some original nonmagnetic point defects in the BaF2 crystallite powder,such as interstitial and vacant F^- which can become paramagnetic centers by γ-ray-irradiation at room temperature,Afterγ-ray irradiation the paramagnetic point defects Vk,H,F and M centers,have been observed in the sample with experiment of electron spin resonance(ESR).Frenkel exciton,a nonmagnetic point defect,can also be induced by the γ-ray irradiation in the sample at room temperature,the existence of the Frenkel exciton is affirmed by an anomalous change of the ESR signal of Vk center with temperature,The signals of the ESR of the H,F and M centers weaken and vanish with the temperature increasing monotonously,But the ESR signal of the Vk enhances when the temperature goes up about 127℃,then weakens and vanishes.An increase in the Vk center follows an annihilation of the Frenkel exciton with heating.     

复合盐水低伤害钻井液在桃7-9-5AH水平井的应用

针对苏里格地区低孔低渗砂岩气藏的特点,依据ASS-1全酸溶钻井(完井)液在该地区探井的应用经验,研制出了复合盐水低伤害钻井完井液.该钻井液在常规条件下对地层的平均伤害率仅为5.9%,在特殊模拟井下条件下,对气层的平均伤害率为13.64%,暂堵性好,井壁上形成的暂堵滤饼通过气层压力完成解堵,简化了完井、投产作业.该钻井液在桃7-9-5AH井水平段施工过程中,起下钻无阻卡,井底无沉砂,解决了因泥页岩水化膨胀而引起的缩径和坍塌、高摩阻大扭矩、PDC钻头泥包等一系列技术难题,创造了长庆区块水平段一只φ152.4 mm钻头810m进尺的记录,并获得无阻流量150×10<'4>m<'3>/d的高产气流.     

钠盐对糖渍黑豆软化效果的影响

为解决糖渍黑豆质地坚硬的问题,本研究采用单因素分析方法,对比研究6种钠盐对糖渍黑豆的软化效果,以提高其食用品质。以钠盐种类、添加环节和添加量为影响因素,以黑豆硬度和感官特性为目标量,筛选出适宜糖渍黑豆加工的钠盐种类,进而确定该钠盐的添加环节以及最佳添加量。结果表明,在本实验使用的6种钠盐中以碳酸氢钠对黑豆的软化效果最为显著,碳酸氢钠能够提高黑豆的保水性、降低浸渍后的黑豆的硬度和固形物增加率。这些作用以在蒸煮过程中添加碳酸氢钠最为显著,蒸煮过程中添加0.2%的碳酸氢钠能够有效降低黑豆硬度,还可以维持较好口感。本研究结果为豆类食品加工提供参考。      

GFC-32型固定沸腾床使用情况总结

简述了GFC-32型固定沸腾床的特点和良好的使用效果，同时提出改进设想，以便更好地在制盐行业上发挥作用。     

不同来源胆盐水解酶基因在大肠杆菌中的表达

根据GenBank上报道的两歧双歧杆菌ATCC 29521的胆盐水解酶基因(BSH)序列和嗜酸乳杆菌NCFM的胆盐水解酶基因(BSHA和BSHB)序列,设计引物通过PCR扩增获得BSH基因,将其连接到表达载体pET28a(+),构建pETBSH表达质粒,经IPTG诱导表达后,聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)检测表明在分子质量大小约40、43、45kD处有预期条带出现,初步表明蛋白表达成功。重组菌产生的胆盐水解酶水解甘氨胆酸钠产生的甘氨酸经茚三酮比色法分析,表明该重组的胆盐水解酶具有水解活性。     

Enhanced conductivity of bacterial cellulose films reinforced with NH4I-doped graphene oxide

ABSTRACT

Bacterial cellulose (BC) films reinforced with reduced graphene oxide (RGO) platelets were investigated to assess their potential application as solid polymeric electrolytes. BC-RGO composites were further doped with NH₄I at different concentrations to evaluate the effect of NH₄I doping on the conductivity. Scanning electron microscopy images confirmed that GO addition did not alter BC coherent three-dimensional morphology. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy studies revealed that the ionic conductivity increased with the ammonium iodide salt concentration. The highest conductivity found was 1.32 × 10^?4 S/cm for the samples doped with 5% NH₄I, suggesting that BC-RGO can be a promising candidate for electrochemical applications.     

酚醛树脂—重氮树脂或重氮盐的感光性复合物

在水溶液中制备了酚醛树脂与重氮盐（ＰＲ－ＤＳ）和重氮树脂（ＰＲ－ＤＲ）的复合物。与重氮盐或重氮树脂同时加入硫酸成功的抑制了重氮基与酚醛树脂的偶联反应。复合物ＰＲ－ＤＲ在有机溶剂中的溶解度大于ＰＲ－ＤＲ,其在ＤＭＦ中的溶解度可达到４．４６％。两种复合物都具有很高的光敏性。在紫外光照下,ＰＲ－ＤＲ的离子键将转化为共价键从而不溶于ＤＭＦ,因而可用作光成像材料。     

Continuous salt precipitation and separation from supercritical water. Part 2. Type 2 salts and mixtures of two salts

Using a continuously operated laboratory plant for the catalytic hydrothermal gasification of biomass featuring a supercritical water salt separator we investigated the separation performance of three different binary type 2 salt-water mixtures and three ternary salt-water mixtures that consisted either of two type 1 salts or two type 2 salts dissolved in water. It turned out that a concentrated salt brine could not be recovered at the salt separator for the binary type 2 salt-water mixtures of Na₂CO₃, Na₂SO₄, and K₂SO₄. These salts precipitate as solids from supercritical water and thus lead to salt deposits inside the salt separator vessel.The ternary mixtures of two type 1 salts dissolved in water (KH₂PO₄-K₂HPO₄-H₂O and three different mixtures of NaNO₃-K₂CO₃-water) exhibited a separation performance similar to the binary solutions of type 1 salts that were discussed in Part 1 of this article. However, the mixtures showed separation performances that were different from the corresponding single salt solutions.It was also possible to recover a concentrated brine when feeding solutions containing the two type 2 salts Na₂CO₃ and K₂SO₄. For these mixtures a certain amount of the type 1 salt K₂CO₃ might form in supercritical water leading to salt separation efficiencies up to 95% for these mixtures.     

Exogenous SA Affects Rice Seed Germination under Salt Stress by Regulating Na+/K+ Balance and Endogenous GAs and ABA Homeostasis

Salinity reduces agricultural productivity majorly by inhibiting seed germination. Exogenous salicylic acid (SA) can prevent the harm caused to rice by salinity, but the mechanisms by which it promotes rice seed germination under salt stress are unclear. In this study, the inhibition of germination in salt-sensitive Nipponbare under salt stress was greater than that in salt-tolerant Huaidao 5. Treatment with exogenous SA significantly improved germination of Nipponbare, but had little effect on Huaidao 5. The effects of exogenous SA on ion balance, metabolism of reactive oxygen species (ROS), hormone homeostasis, starch hydrolysis, and other physiological processes involved in seed germination of rice under salt stress were investigated. Under salt stress, Na⁺ content and the Na⁺/K⁺ ratio in rice seeds increased sharply. Seeds were subjected to ion pressure, which led to massive accumulation of H₂O₂, O₂⁻, and malonaldehyde (MDA); imbalanced endogenous hormone homeostasis; decreased gibberellic acid (GA1 and GA4) content; increased abscisic acid (ABA) content; inhibition of α-amylase (EC 3.2.1.1) activity; and slowed starch hydrolysis rate, all which eventually led to the inhibition of the germination of rice seeds. Exogenous SA could effectively enhance the expression of OsHKT1;1, OsHKT1;5, OsHKT2;1 and OsSOS1 to reduce the absorption of Na+ by seeds; reduce the Na⁺/K⁺ ratio; improve the activities of SOD, POD, and CAT; reduce the accumulation of H₂O₂, O₂⁻, and MDA; enhance the expression of the GA biosynthetic genes OsGA20ox1 and OsGA3ox2; inhibit the expression of the ABA biosynthetic gene OsNCED5; increase GA1 and GA4 content; reduce ABA content; improve α-amylase activity, and increase the content of soluble sugars. In summary, exogenous SA can alleviate ion toxicity by reducing Na⁺ content, thereby helping to maintain ROS and hormone homeostasis, promote starch hydrolysis, and provide sufficient energy for seed germination, all of which ultimately improves rice seed germination under salt stress. This study presents a feasible means for improving the germination of direct-seeded rice in saline soil.     

植物乳杆菌ST-ⅢproU基因簇的克隆、表达

分离自泡菜的植物乳杆菌ST-Ⅲ能够在盐浓度高达8%的环境下存活,其特有的质粒上存在一个与转运相容性溶质相关的proU基因簇,系统发育分析发现,proU基因簇与耐盐能力较高的戊糖乳杆菌IG1相应基因的相似性达100%,因此推测proU可能与植物乳杆菌ST-Ⅲ的耐盐能力相关。将proU及其包含的基因proX、proW、proV分别克隆到质粒pNZ8148上,并电转化到耐盐能力较低的乳酸乳球菌NZ9000中。重组菌株在添加3%NaCl和1mmol/L甜菜碱的化学成分确定培养基（CDM）中培养,以原始菌株乳酸乳球菌NZ9000（pNZ8148）为对照,测定耐盐能力。结果表明,各个基因均能在重组菌中表达,表达量与对照菌株相比至少提高了106倍,且重组菌株的耐盐能力均优于对照菌株,因此,proU与植物乳杆菌ST-Ⅲ耐盐能力直接相关。