Rheology, phase morphology, mechanical, impact and thermal properties of polypropylene/metallocene catalysed ethylene 1-octene copolymer blends

Blends of a polypropylene (PP) and a metallocene catalysed ethylene-octene copolymer (EOC) were prepared using a single screw extruder fitted with a barrier screw design. The EOC used had 25 wt% 1-octene content and the weight fraction of EOC in the blends covered the range 1-30 wt.% Viscosity values for the blends determined experimentally from dual capillary rheological studies were similar to those calculated theoretically using the log additivity principle described by Ferry. This result together with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations and evidence from tan δ curves from dynamic mechanical thermal analysis showed PP and EOC to be partially miscible for blends having 10 wt% EOC or less. The tensile modulus, break strength and flexural modulus of the blends decreased with respect to virgin PP as the weight fraction of EOC was increased to 30 wt.% The diminution in mechanical properties was concomitant with an initial increase in elongation at break from 40% for neat PP to 140% for the blend with 15 wt% EOC before decreasing to 65% when 30 wt% EOC was blended. The optimum impact modification of the PP used in this study, in the temperature range −40 to 23 °C, was achieved by blending with between 20 and 30 wt% EOC.     

聚丙烯纤维的超临界流体染色

以超临界二氧化碳为介质研究了分散染料在聚丙烯及混纺织物上的染色能力．结果表明,选用合适的分散染料可使织物在较短时间内染色,而且产品颜色十分均匀．在16～26MPa和80～120℃范围内,染料在织物上的着色量较高且随温度和压力变化不大．     

DSC法对动态硫化PP／EPDM中PP—EPDM共交联结构的研究

根据共交联ＰＰ分子与正常ＰＰ分子在结晶与熔融特征及其对外因素响应上的差异,采用ＤＳＣ分析方法,研究了动态硫化ＰＰ／ＥＰＤＭ中ＰＰ－ＥＰＤＭ共交联结构。结果显示在动态硫化ＰＰ－ＥＰＤＭ的熔融ＤＳＣ曲线上的１５０℃曲线上约１５０℃处出现一新的熔融峰,改变结晶速率或ＤＳＣ测试程序,可发现形成这一新峰的化学结构具有强烈的结晶滞后性,而简单共混ＰＰ／ＥＰＤＭ的ＤＳＣ曲线上始终未出现类似新峰。结合化学反应理论     

纤维增强煤矸石轻骨料混凝土路用性能研究

以煤矸石为粗骨料,掺入不同掺量的聚丙烯纤维配制路面水泥混凝土,对混凝土的路用性能和微观结构进行了试验研究,分析了纤维的增强机理。结果表明,聚丙烯纤维可以减少混凝土中微裂缝的产生,抑制连通裂缝的发展,在一定掺量范围内能够有效提高煤矸石轻骨料混凝土的抗折强度和耐磨性,随着掺量的增加显著提高混凝土的抗渗性和抗冻性。煤矸石轻骨料混凝土中掺入聚丙烯纤维,可获得良好的路用性能。     

Nonisothermal Crystallization Modeling and Simulation for Polypropylene/Nano CaSO4 Composites with Variations in Nanosizes and Wt.% of Loading

Avrami and Ozawa's combined analysis was employed to study the nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of Polypropylene (PP): CaSO₄ (of 12 and 22 nm) composites using a Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC). The parameters, such as Avrami's exponent (n) and growth rate constant (Z_t), that characterized the system of different nanosize composites and virgin PP, were determined. The relative degree of crystallinity as a function of temperature for PP/nano CaSO₄ composites at the same cooling rate and the Sigmoidal shape of curves indicate a strong interaction between PP molecules and the nanolayer, which leads to greater nucleation with a reduction in nanosizes. The theoretical combination of kinetic equations was found to be suitable to describe the physical phenomena of real system. The values of parameters n, Z_t and predicted time t for crystallization at a single cooling rate were obtained from the mathematical model.     

塑料杯成型工艺及注塑模设计

本文对水杯的技术要求和工艺结构进行了分析,确定了工艺方案及模具形式。而且对水杯进行了相关数据的分忻与计算,根据分析结果选注塑机和注塑工艺,从而确定聚丙烯水杯设计思路及方案,最后在设计过程中运用Pro／E、Auto CAD软件进行注塑模结构设计与计算并绘制出模具总装图以及部分非标准图形。     

环保膨胀型阻燃PP母料的研制

以三聚氰胺聚磷酸(MPP)/季戊四醇(PT)为复配阻燃剂,氧化锌为催化协效剂,聚乙烯蜡为分散剂,并添加一定量载体树脂,制备了环保膨胀型阻燃聚丙烯(PP)母料,运用氧指数法、UL94垂直燃烧法、热失重分析法和扫描电子显微镜研究了阻燃PP母料的阻燃性能。结果表明:当MPP∶PT=2∶1且MPP与PT占母料总量的72%时,将该类母料添加到PP中制得的复合材料的综合性能最好;阻燃PP母料的最佳载体树脂为PP/PP-g-MAH(1/1),将25%PP/PP-g-MAH基阻燃PP母料添加到PP中,复合材料的阻燃等级可达到UL94V—0级。     

Kinetic analysis on spherulite growth rate of polypropylene catalloys

The kinetic analysis on melt-crystallization of polypropylene catalloys (PP-cats) was conducted through measuring their spherulite growth rates. A multiple melting behavior of PP-cats was found through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and the corresponding crystalline microstructures of PP-cats were studied by wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). The calculated T_m^o value of propylene homopolymer (PP) suggests an obvious melting point depression of PP-cats. Moreover, it is found that the existence of ethylene-propylene copolymer could result in the changes of crystalline microstructure of PP and the PP crystal is in favor of growing along (040) lattice plane of α-monoclinic crystal. The crystal growth rate of PP-cats decreases with the increase of ethylene-propylene copolymer content in PP-cats. A comparison of crystallization kinetics between PP-cats and virgin iPP through a modified Lauritzen-Hoffman model indicates that there appears a transition from regimes II to III in iPP and PP-cats containing low ethylene-propylene copolymer content. However, for the PP-cats containing high ethylene-propylene copolymer content, crystallization always processes in regime II. In addition, both calculated nucleation parameter (K_g) and the fold surface free energy (σ_e) for PP-cats increase with the increase of ethylene-propylene copolymer content, implying that the existence of ethylene-propylene copolymer is unfavorable for the surface nucleation of PP and regular folding of the molecule chain. It is believed that an increase in viscosity of the melts induced by different compositions could remarkably slow crystallization growth down, because under this condition surface nucleation dominates as compared with crystal growth.     

车用低TVOC聚丙烯材料的制备

采用一种高效的多孔材料作为总挥发性有机化合物(TVOC)吸附剂添加到车用聚丙烯材料中对其改性,通过顶空气相色谱-质谱联用(HS-GC-MS)检测了未改性车用聚丙烯材料的TVOC物质的种类,及通过顶空气相色谱-氢火焰离子化检测器联用(HS-GC-FID)检测了改性前后聚丙烯材料的TVOC释放量,结果表明:聚丙烯材料中的TVOC主要是烷烃类物质,多孔材料的加入有效地吸附了聚丙烯及加工过程中产生的长链烷烃,并在测试温度下不会解吸附,从而使得材料的TVOC含量达到客户的标准要求。     

长玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的力学性能研究

采用熔体浸渍技术制备了长玻璃纤维母料(LGF/PP-g-MAH/PP)增强聚丙烯(PP)复合材料(LGF/PP)。通过双螺杆挤出机制备了同等配比的短玻纤增强聚丙烯(SGF/PP)复合材料。研究了LGF含量、环氧树脂(EP)和固化剂(2E4MZ)对LGF/PP复合材料的力学性能影响。结果表明:当LGF质量分数为35%～40%时,LGF/PP的综合力学性能最好,且明显优于同样组成的SGF/PP复合材料。EP和含固化剂(2E4MZ)的EP对LGF/PP复合材料的力学性能提高有一定的作用。SEM照片分析表明:EP的加入能改善玻纤与聚丙烯基体的界面粘接。