基于POE的寒地大学校园交往空间改造研究——以东北农业大学为例

使用状况评价（POE）是系统描述和评价建成环境的实证性研究方法,它针对空间的使用效率,为校园交往空间规划提供科学依据。通过POE研究,对寒冷地区大学校园交往空间使用情况分析评价,以便有效地提高交往空间冬季使用效率。该文以东北农业大学校园交往空间为例,针对冬季空间功能、使用情况、利用频率等方面做系统PoE分析,提出针对性的改建对策。     

后注浆超长大直径灌注桩承载性能试验研究

以软土地区桥梁桩基础为工程依据,进行了普通和后注浆超长大直径灌注桩的静载试验和桩身轴力测试,对比分析了普通灌注桩和后注浆灌注桩的承载性状,发现在软土地区后注浆技术能有效地改善超长大直径灌注桩桩端和桩侧土层特性,增加桩侧摩阻力和桩端阻力,使单桩承载能力得到明显提高,此项试验研究可为软土地区的类似工程提供参考和借鉴。     

CFRP Tendons for the Repair of Posttensioned, Unbonded Concrete Buildings

The deterioration attributable to corrosion of concrete structures reinforced with unbonded, posttensioned tendons is a costly problem. Recent research has shown composite materials such as fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP) to be suitable alternatives to steel because they provide similar strength without susceptibility to electrochemical corrosion. Carbon-FRP (CFRP) in particular has great promise for prestressed applications because it shows resistance to corrosion in environments that might be encountered in concrete and experiences less relaxation than steel. This paper outlines the testing and implementation of a posttensioned system that uses CFRP tendons to replace corroded, unbonded posttensioned steel tendons. This system was then implemented in a parking garage in downtown Toronto. To the writers’ knowledge, this is the first example of an unbonded, posttensioned tendon replacement using FRP tendons. The system used split-wedge anchors designed specifically for CFRP tendons. The dead end was anchored by directly bonding the tendon to the concrete slab. The CFRP tendon was successfully inserted in the opening created by the removal of the corroded tendon and stressed. Although the system was shown to be feasible, the current anchorage configuration results in load losses of up to 60% during the transfer. Changing the orientation of the anchor was found to reduce the load loss to an acceptable range of 1–9%.     

一种改进的分地（市）效益后评估方法

提出的分地（市）效益后评估方法较传统方法有2个优势：增加了相关分析维度,解决了指标间的割裂现象。通过该方法对某省各地（市）公司的投资及财务统计数据进行了测试,衡量了各地（市）公司的投资效益水平,并对该省公司未来一年的地（市）投资分配提出了建议。     

纳米银导电层浸泡后处理方法的研究

为了使纳米银印刷线路达到良好的导电性能,本实验对纳米银导电层的后处理过程进行了研究。先将用导电墨水涂布的样品依次浸泡在相同浓度的硝酸银溶液和水合肼溶液中,溶液浓度分别为1％、2％、5％、10％和20％,然后对浸泡后样品的导电性能进行研究。采用原子力显微镜对导电层的表面形貌进行表征,采用四探针电阻率测试仪测试样品的方块电阻,采用能谱仪和X射线衍射仪对导电层表面成分进行分析。实验发现,室温下导电墨水涂布样品依次经过2％的硝酸银溶液和2％水合肼溶液浸泡后,方块电阻达到最低（0．82Ω／口）。与加热法相比,相同样品用浸泡法处理后方块电阻更低。结果证明,对含有高温分解保护剂和大粒径纳米银颗粒的导电层而言,浸泡法是一个有效的后处理方法。     

Study of ultra-shallow pn junctions formed by excimer laser annealing

Excellent ultra-shallow p⁺n junctions have been formed by thermally treating the BF₂⁺-implanted Si samples by excimer laser annealing (ELA) at 300–400 mJ cm⁻² with post low-temperature long-time furnace annealing (FA) at 600 °C. A junction with a leakage current density lower than 20 nA cm⁻² and a sheet resistance smaller than 200 Ω □⁻¹ can be well achieved. No considerable dopant diffusion is observed by using this low-thermal-budget annealing process. However, by simply using the ELA treatment at 300–400 mJ cm⁻², the resultant junction shows a leakage current density as high as 10⁴ nA cm⁻² and a peripheral leakage current density of 10³ nA cm⁻¹. The large junction leakage is primarily due to the leakage current generated within the junction region near the local-oxidation-of-silicon (LOCOS) edge, and which is substantially caused by the ELA treatment. The large peripheral junction leakage current density can be significantly reduced to be about 0.2 nA cm⁻¹ after a post low-temperature FA treatment at 600 °C. As a result, the scheme that employs ELA treatment with post low-temperature FA treatment would be efficient for forming excellent ultra-shallow p⁺n junctions at low thermal budget.     

高压发电机组在邮电系统应用的可行性探讨

结合国外通信部门高压发电机组的使用民政部及国内通信发展的现状,探讨高压发电机组作为备用电源在国内大的通信局（站）使用的可行性,并对由此而构成的供电系统类型进行分析。     

遥感分类图像条带噪声的去除

在介绍了几种常用于TM、MSS、SPOT等多传感器遥感图像中条带噪声去除方法的基础上,提出了一种综合利用IDL语言和常用遥感软件(主要为ENVI、ERDAS等)对分类后图像进行条带处理的新方法。并以2005年北京市SPOT图像为试验数据,对该方法进行了尝试。结果表明,利用该方法可弥补一些条带噪声去除方法的弊端,有效地去除分类后图像上的条带噪音;同时避免了分类前期条带去除过程中对条带像元值的不正确计算,以及对图像上正确像元的影响而导致的后期遥感分类过程中的错分误分问题,从而可以有效地提高遥感分类精度。这种方法在其它多传感器遥感图像的条带噪声去除中也有很强的适用性。     

Embracing complexity: a sociotechnical systems approach for the design and evaluation of higher education learning environments

ABSTRACT

Higher education institutions (HEI) have undergone fundamental changes driven by ICT developments, globalisation, and the advent of socio-constructivist pedagogic approaches. As a result, within the UK, capital investment in new and retrofitted facilities has reached a record expenditure. Recent research on user-related evaluations of facilities, particularly in HEI learning spaces, highlights the prevalence of evaluations dominated by reductionist approaches focused on measuring outcomes, on users, such as satisfaction, learning outcomes or engagement. These approaches have a major pitfall, neglecting the complexity of the dynamic relationships between people, spaces, technology, institutional structure and pedagogic practices. In response, this paper aims to propose a shift on current approaches by exploring the application of sociotechnical systems theory to learning space design and evaluation. Amid these, it is argued that Cognitive Work Analysis (CWA) offers promising alternatives to inform design and management of higher education learning spaces. Finally, within the paper, three CWA interventions are proposed and discussed, focusing on how these address previously identified shortcomings of predominant approaches used in HEI learning space design and evaluation.