Effects of ion irradiation on the structural transformation of sol-gel derived TEOS/MTES thin films

Ion beam processing of organic/inorganic thin films has been shown to be an effective means in converting polymeric films into their final ceramic-like state. In this study, hybrid sol-gel derived thin films based on TEOS (tetraethylorthosilicate) Si(OC₂H₅)₄ and MTES (methyltriethoxysilane) CH₃Si(OC₂H₅)₃ were prepared and deposited on Si substrates by spin coating. After the films were allowed to air dry, they were heat treated at 300 °C for 10 min. Ion irradiation was performed at room temperature using 125 keV H⁺ and 250 keV N²⁺ ions with fluences ranging from 1 × 10¹⁴ to 5 × 10¹⁶ ions/cm². FT-IR and Raman spectroscopies were used to quantify the chemical structural transformations which occurred including the evolution of the organic components, the cross-linking of silica clusters, and the clustering of carbon.     

鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界凝析油成因研究

鄂尔多斯盆地古生界凝析油具有低密度、低凝固点、低初馏点的特征;Pr/Ph值均大于2.0,具有姥鲛烷优势;轻烃中甲基环己烷相对含量高于60％;碳同位素值主要分布在-21‰～-26‰之间,正构烷烃单体分子碳同位素值主要分布在-20‰～-29‰之间,且碳同位素值随碳数的增大逐渐变轻,呈分段式分布。将凝析油地球化学特征与上古生界暗色泥岩、煤及下古生界碳酸盐岩进行比较,结果表明鄂尔多斯盆地古生界凝析油与煤的地球化学特征一致,是煤在高成熟阶段的产物。对古生界凝析油成因的探讨为认识鄂尔多斯盆地古生界天然气成因提供一定的依据,一般有凝析油伴生的天然气烃类碳同位素组成相对较重,主要为煤的产物;而烷烃碳同位素组成相对较轻的天然气与泥岩厚度分布特征有一定的关系,可能以上古生界暗色泥岩生成物为主。     

壳寡糖与氯化稀土(Pr3+、Dy3+)配合物的合成、配位机理和抗羟自由基活性

用壳寡糖与氯化稀土(Pr3+、Dy3+)反应,制备了壳寡糖-镨和壳寡糖-镝配合物.用红外光谱、紫外光谱、荧光和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等分析测试手段对配合物进行了配位机理探讨.以EDTANa2·Fe(Ⅱ)-H2O2体系产生羟自由基(·OH)来研究壳寡糖、壳寡糖-镨和壳寡糖-镝配合物对羟自由基的清除作用.结果表明,壳寡糖与Pr3+或Dy3+形成了配合物,壳寡糖-Ln配合物中壳寡糖氨基上的N原子和仲羟基的O原子参与了配位,同时Cl-也参与了配位.壳寡糖、壳寡糖-镨和壳寡糖-镝配合物对·OH均具有明显的清除作用,配合物与壳寡糖相比对·OH具有更高的抑制活性.     

镨掺杂钛酸钙/云母钛荧光效果珠光颜料的制备及其性能研究

采用液相沉积法在云母基材表面双层包覆二氧化钛和镨掺杂氢氧化钙, 经高温煅烧在两层之间生成镨掺杂钛酸钙(CaTiO₃:Pr³⁺)荧光层。通过荧光分光光度计、全自动色差计、X射线粉末衍射仪和冷场扫描电子显微镜测试样品的性能。结果表明, 当氧化钙理论包覆率为5.3%、镨浓度相对硝酸钙为0.2mol%、煅烧温度为900℃时, 样品表面均匀、致密, 具有较好的珠光性能和荧光强度, 样品的激发光谱由264、304和380 nm三个激发峰组成, 最大发射波长主峰位于613 nm, 呈红光发射, 对应于Pr³⁺的¹D₂→³H₄跃迁。     

基于1S0能级的Pr3+:ZBLAN光纤上转换紫外激光的数值模拟

在Pr3 ∶ZBLAN光纤中,运用粒子数速率方程理论,研究用586 nm和335 nm连续激光双光子激发4f组态最高能级1S0,以1S0和3F4为激光上下能级实现250 nm上转换紫外激光的动力学行为,得到阈值抽运功率、激光输出功率、斜率效率和最佳光纤长度等激光参数。结果表明,阈值抽运功率随光纤长度增加而增大,斜率效率随光纤长度增加而减小,光纤较短时,无法获得较高输出功率。掺杂浓度越大则阈值抽运功率越小,斜率效率越大。在选取的特定条件下,斜率效率最高可达16.7%。     

(Nd1-xPrx)10.5(FeCoZr)83.5B6合金显微结构和磁性能研究

采用部分过快淬加后续晶化退火工艺,制备出了最佳磁性能的(Nd1-xPrx)10.5(FeCoZr)83.5 B6(x=O、0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8、1.0)系列粘结磁体,研究了稀土Pr元素对快淬合金DTA曲线转折温度点、合金显微组织结构和粘结磁体磁性能的影响.Pr元素使合金非晶态的晶化转变温度和转化能降低,合金的显微组织结构变得较粗大和较不均匀,从而使快淬粘结磁体剩磁降低.随Pr含量的增加,磁体的内禀矫顽力Hci单调上升,剩磁Br单调下降,在x=0.6～0.8处(BH)m达到最大值70.6kJ·m3.     

Pr掺杂Mg2SnO4纳米颗粒的制备及其光致发光性能

采用水热合成和低温煅烧两步法工艺制备了不同浓度(0~1.5mol%)镨掺杂锡酸镁, 通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及荧光光谱仪对合成的样品进行表征, 研究了Pr掺杂量对锡酸镁微观形貌的影响, 并讨论了其光致发光性能。结果表明, 所制备的Mg₂SnO₄: Pr³⁺为立方反尖晶石结构的立方纳米颗粒; 与未掺杂的Mg₂SnO₄相比, Pr掺杂浓度的增加使颗粒尺寸变大, 并使颗粒边角锐化。不同浓度Mg₂SnO₄: Pr³⁺的发射光谱表明Mg₂SnO₄: Pr³⁺样品中存在530、570 nm两处发射峰, 前者与Mg₂SnO₄基质中的氧空位有关, 后者由Pr元素³P₀-³H₅能级的跃迁造成。随着Pr掺杂浓度增加, 锡酸镁颗粒尺寸变大、发光中心增多, 使得Pr掺杂锡酸镁纳米颗粒在570 nm处的发光强度增强。     

氧含量对Pr1.85Ce0.15CuO4-x和Pr2CuO4-x结构、磁性和超导电性的影响

通过固相反应法制备了电子型Pr1.85Ce0.15CuO4-x和其母体Pr2CuO4-x。X射线衍射表明：制备的样品具有单相结构,杂相比较少。磁测量的结果表明：在Pr1.85Ce0.15CuO4-x中,0.05≤x≤0.20(质量分数,%, 下同)时具有超导电性,起始转变温度Tc=24.5 K。而Pr2CuO4-x仅仅通过调节氧含量不能实现超导。并且通过氧含量对Pr1.85Ce0.15CuO4-x和Pr2CuO4-x结构、磁性的不同影响的对比研究发现,在Pr1.85Ce0.15CuO4-x中通过调节氧含量实现超导的原因是引入自由载流子。Pr2CuO4-x不能实现超导的原因是氧空位出现在不同的氧位上, 并对相关机制进行了探讨     

Pr2AlFe13Mn3化合物的反常热膨胀性质

通过X射线衍射及磁测量实验研究了Pr2AlFe16-xMnx化合物的结构.结果表明,该系列化合物具有Th2Zn17型结构;随着锰替代量的增加,化合物的单胞体积呈现先小后大的非线性增加,这表明该类化合物在其磁相变点附近存在较大的正的本征磁致伸缩.进一步对Pr2AlFe13Mn3化合物进行的变温X射线衍射研究表明,该化合物在其居里点附近(180～198 K)存在负热膨胀现象,其热膨胀系数为-3.6×10-4K-1.本文对这种性质进行了讨论.     

Development of new correlations for forced convection heat transfer during cooling of products

This paper presents the new, simple but powerful effective Nusselt–Reynolds correlations for estimating the effective convective heat transfer coefficients of spherical and cylindrical products cooled in water and air flows. In this respect, both experimental and theoretical works were obtained. In the experimental case, several spherical and cylindrical products, namely, tomatoes, pears and cucumbers were cooled in water and air flow and their centre temperature variations were measured. In the theoretical case, the effective convective heat transfer coefficients for the individual spherical and cylindrical products were determined using the centre temperature data in the present approach including Dincer's models. Therefore, the new Nusselt–Reynolds correlations were developed using the effective convective heat transfer coefficient values and a general diagram of Nu/Pr^1/3 against Reynolds number was drawn. This study indicates that the present effective Nu–Re correlations are capable of estimating the effective convective heat transfer coefficients of any spherical and cylindrical shaped products exposed to water and air cooling in practical applications in a simple and accurate manner.