低碳贝氏体钢PC80Q钢工艺探讨

贝氏体结构及其相变机制一直是人们研究的重点。贝氏体钢是为了获得某种物理、化学或力学特性而有意添加了一定量的合金元素Cr、Nb、Mo、Ti、B等元素，并对杂质和有害元素加以控制的特殊性能钢。我厂进行过一炉低碳贝氏体钢PC80Q试制生产，存在的问题主要是该钢的冲击韧性值很低，为此笔者从冶炼、轧制及热处理整个工艺过程中的关键点进行了研究改进，以求使其性能得到提高。     

Q235A热轧带钢冷弯开裂原因分析

Q235A热轧带钢在冷弯时出现开裂,采用扫描电镜和金相显微镜等对开裂件和合格件进行了观察,结果表明冷弯开裂试样的夹杂物、带状组织级别较高;分析认为夹杂物较多、带状组织级别较高是产生冷弯开裂的主要原因.     

Comparative study of (Ba,Sr)TiO3 films prepared by electron cyclotron resonance plasma sputtering and metal-organic decomposition

(Ba,Sr)TiO₃ films were prepared on Pt/Ti/SiO₂/Si substrates by mirror-confinement-type electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma sputtering as well as by metal-organic decomposition (MOD). The films prepared by ECR plasma sputtering were crystallized at lower temperatures with better crystallinity and a denser structure than those by MOD. As for dielectric constant, films prepared by ECR plasma sputtering exhibited a relatively high value over 500 at a low annealing temperature of 873 K, whereas films by MOD exhibited approximately 350. This is attributed to the better crystallinity and the denser structure of the films by ECR plasma sputtering. The leakage current density of the films was found to be similar in both processes.     

岷江试验堆Q15孔道中子谱测量试验的研究

为了确定岷江试验堆(简称MJTR)堆芯铍反射层内中子能量E >1.0MeV的快中子注量率,采用一组中子探测片测量了岷江试验堆内第一层铍反射层外Q15孔道内的快中子注量率谱,并由测量谱求得各阈能探测片的快中子反应的谱平均截面和该孔道测量点位置的快中子注量率。结果表明,铍反射层内快中子(E>1.0MeV)注量率为1.985×1012 cm-2·s-1,MJTR每运行一段,铍反射层内快中子(E>1.0MeV)积分注量最大可达1.54×1018cm-2。通过本次试验研究,为更好的开发利用MJTR提供了试验依据。     

Q345C低合金高强度结构钢板的试制

介绍采用氧气顶吹转炉→吹氩喂丝→板坯连铸→控制轧制生产Q345C低合金高强度结构钢板的生产工艺。通过对化学成分的合理设计及制订适合该厂冶炼、连铸、轧制的工艺，采取微合金化和控轧控冷相结合的有效技术措施，提高钢板的综合性能，特别是低温冲击韧性。生产的Q345C钢板，其产品质量完全符合GB／T1591—94标准要求。     

Microarrays of near-field optical probes with adjustable dimensions

We present the fabrication and the characterization of high-density microarrays comprising thousands of near-field optical probes. Two types of microarrays have been prepared by adapting the SNOM methodology: arrays of uncoated fiber nanotips (i.e. apertureless probes) and arrays of apertures with adjustable subwavelength dimensions. Such arrays were fabricated by retaining the coherent structure of monomode optical fiber bundles and therefore keeping their imaging properties. The size of the apertures in a microarray was tuned at the nanometer scale by modifying the fabrication parameters. Far-field characterization of these near-field probe arrays shows completely different behavior depending both on their architecture and on their characteristic size. The angular distribution of the far-field intensity transmitted through the aperture arrays is used to determine the optical size of such diffracting apertures. Aperture radii ranging from 95 to 250 nm were found in good agreement with SEM data. Furthermore, each nanoaperture of the array is optically independent in the far-field regime. Eventually, this study demonstrates potential applications of these imaging arrays as parallel near-field optical probes in both configurations (apertureless and with apertures).     

调质状态下 4 0 C r钢的焊接

在合理制定焊接工艺的基础上,采用R307珠光体耐热钢焊条成功地进行了40Cr钢在调质状态下的焊接,解决了通常采用25-13型奥氏体焊条焊接时出现的焊缝强度低、焊接接头性能差的问题。     

Effects of the German Renewable Energy Act on structural change in agriculture – The case of biogas

The strong political support for biogas production in Germany over the past decade has greatly affected agricultural production, farms and land markets. This paper analyzes the effects of Germany's biogas policies on agricultural development by using the agent-based simulation model AgriPoliS. Particular focus is placed on the effects of the previous German Renewable Energy Act (REA, German “EEG”) of 2012, as well as the latest amendments, which were added in 2014. Our results show that under the previous REA and its predecessors, biogas production provided an attractive investment opportunity, especially for large farms, which led to a boost in biogas production. However, this policy also caused distortions within the agricultural sector, including increasing land rental prices. These effects particularly threatened farms that were not able to invest in biogas, as well as smaller biogas farms. On average, biogas farms could not increase their profitability. The main reason for this effect can be seen in the fact that a significant share of the value added is transferred via increased rental prices to land owners. The amendment of the REA in 2014, which reduced support levels substantially, partly attenuates some of these effects, though the previous policy will cast a long shadow.     

The effect of residential solar photovoltaic systems on home value: A case study of Hawai‘i

An investment in solar photovoltaic (PV) is considered a home improvement, and should be reflected in home sales prices. However, uncertainty about PV policies and information asymmetries may result in an imperfect pass-through. Hawai‘i serves as an illustrative case study to assess the impact of PV on home prices because Hawai‘i has the highest number of PV installations per capita nationwide. Applying a hedonic pricing model using home resale and PV building permit data from 2000 to 2013 for Oʻahu, I find that the presence of PV adds on average 5.4% to the value of a home. The value of PV exceeds total average installed costs because many of Hawai‘i's electricity circuits have reached legal limits for PV installations and thus many neighborhoods could technically no longer install additional PV capacity. Therefore, the value of the system goes beyond its capital investment—on average, by $5000—to incorporate expected electricity savings.     

Bioavailability Assessment of Oral Coenzyme Q10 Formulations in Dogs

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this investigation was to compare the bioavailability of three coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) formulations in dogs using an open, randomized, multiple-dose crossover design. The formulations included a powder-filled capsule (A, control) and two soft gelatin formulations (Q-Gel ® as the water-miscible form of CoQ10, B and Q-Nol?as the water-miscible form of ubiquinol, the reduced form of CoQ10, C). Formulations were evaluated in pairs, allowing a washout period of 14 days prior to crossing over. Blood samples were collected from each animal prior to dosing to determine the endogenous plasma CoQ10 concentrations. Serial blood samples were collected for 72 hr and plasma CoQ10 concentrations were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Plasma concentration–time profiles were corrected for endogenous CoQ10 concentrations. Results showed that the relative bioavailabilities of formulations B and C were approximately 3.6 and 6.2-fold higher than that of control formulation A. The AUC(µg. hr/mL)±SD, C_max(µg/mL)±SD, and T_max(hr)± SD for formulations A, B, and C were 1.695±0.06, 6.097±0.08, and 10.510±0.10; 0.096±0.035, 0.169±0.038, and 0.402±0.102; and 4.2±1.48, 4.1±1.57, and 4.5±0.58, respectively. While no significant differences were observed between T_max values of the three formulations, the AUC and C_max values for formulations B and C were significantly higher than those of the control (p<0.05). The present investigation demonstrates that soft gelatin capsules containing water-miscible CoQ10 formulations B (Q-Gel®) and C (Q-Nol?) are superior to powder-filled formulations with regard to their biopharmaceutical characteristics.