稀土元素对渗硼动力学的影响

采用固体渗硼法对45钢和T12钢在1053～1213K分别进行单一渗硼和添加Nd2O3稀土渗硼。分析了稀土元素对渗硼动力学的影响。结果表明:稀土元素的加入有助于渗硼层中Fe2B相的形成,提高渗层中Fe2B相所占比例,改善渗层组织和性能。同时,加入稀土能够使硼的扩散系数增大,使扩散激活能降低,45钢中硼的激活能由184kJ/mol降到122kJ/mol,T12中硼的激活能由261kJ/mol降到155kJ/mol,分别降低了34%和41%,显著提高了渗硼速率。根据所得数据建立了45钢在添加w(Nd2O3)=5%稀土渗硼时的渗硼层等厚线图。     

铸造锌铝合金的研究进展及其应用

回顾了锌铝合金的研究历史，并详述了锌铝合金的成分、显微组织与性能的关系，以及变质、晶粒细化、热处理和其它工艺对锌铝合金的性能和组织结构的影响，最后介绍了铸造锌铝合金的应用，并对锌铝合金的发展趋势作了展望。     

Kinetics of Formation of Large-Dimension Rare Earth Inclusion in Steels

The elemental distribution within the large-dimension rare earth inclusion in steels was studied through analysis on plane distribution of elements by EPMA (Electron Probe Microanalyzer). The kinetics and mechanism of formation of RE inclusion were discussed, taking 5CrNiMo steel with the addition of RE and other microalloying elements as example. RE inclusions nucleate on oxides and sulphides with high melting point and grow up separately, then integrated by relatively high surface activity, which is a particular characteristic of RE elements, in liquid phase and during the course of solidification. Finally, the fine and dispersed RE inclusions merge and grow into a large-dimension one.