Development and application of a multi-axis dynamometer for measuring grip force

Objective: This paper describes the development and application of a novel multi-axis hand dynamometer for quantifying 2D grip force magnitude and direction in the flexion-extension plane of the fingers. Methods: A three-beam reconfigurable form dynamometer, containing two active beams for measuring orthogonal forces and moments regardless of point of force application, was designed, fabricated and tested. Maximum grip exertions were evaluated for 16 subjects gripping cylindrical handles varying in diameter. Results: Mean grip force magnitudes were 231 N (SD = 67.7 N), 236 N (72.9 N), 208 N (72.5 N) and 158 N (45.7 N) for 3.81 cm, 5.08 cm, 6.35 cm and 7.62 cm diameter handles, respectively. Grip force direction rotated clockwise and the centre of pressure moved upward along the handle as handle diameter increased. Conclusions: Given that the multi-axis dynamometer simultaneously measures planar grip force magnitude and direction, and centre of pressure along the handle, this novel sensor design provides more grip force characteristics than current sensor designs that would improve evaluation of grip characteristics and model-driven calculations of musculoskeletal forces from dynamometer data.     

Parallel R-Point Explicit Block Method for Solving Second Order Ordinary Differential Equations Directly

A new parallel R-point explicit block method for solving second order ordinary differential equations (ODEs) directly is developed. The method computes the numerical solution of the equations at three points simultaneously. Each problem was tested on the shared memory parallel computer Sequent S27 using both the sequential and parallel implementations of the new method and the conventional 1-point method. Numerical results are presented comparing the two methods in terms of the number of steps taken, accuracy and execution times. The results indicate the advantages of using the parallel implementation of the new method for solving second order ODEs directly particularly when the step size becomes finer.     

The Construction Of Some Optimal 2D Cubature Formulae

In this paper, we showcase some formulae that have been derived using the least squares optimisation method, which produces cubatures that are superior for use with singular integrals. We consider some formulae of standard and well-known structure for two differing weight functions, (i) w(x, y)=1 and (ii) w(x, y)= \sqrt{x^2 + y^2} .     

New generalized method to construct new non-travelling wave solutions and travelling wave solutions of K–D equations

With the aid of computerized symbolic computation, we obtain new types of general solution of a first-order nonlinear ordinary differential equation with six degrees of freedom and devise a new generalized method and its algorithm, which can be used to construct more new exact solutions of general nonlinear differential equations. The (2+1)-dimensional K–D equation is chosen to illustrate our algorithm such that more families of new exact solutions are obtained, which contain non-travelling wave solutions and travelling wave solutions.     

Some quadrature formulas for functions partially holomorphic with respect to each variable in a Jordan polydomain in C 2 and a complex double integral formula

In this paper, quadrature formulas with remaining term in integral form for functions partially holomorphic with respect to each variable in a Jordan polydomain in C ² and a complex double integral formula are given. For this, we used the Cauchy Integral formula for Jordan polydomain in C ².     

Geoadditive expectile regression

Quantile regression has emerged as one of the standard tools for regression analysis that enables a proper assessment of the complete conditional distribution of responses even in the presence of heteroscedastic errors. Quantile regression estimates are obtained by minimising an asymmetrically weighted sum of absolute deviations from the regression line, a decision theoretic formulation of the estimation problem that avoids a full specification of the error term distribution. Recent advances in mean regression have concentrated on making the regression structure more flexible by including nonlinear effects of continuous covariates, random effects or spatial effects. These extensions often rely on penalised least squares or penalised likelihood estimation with quadratic penalties and may therefore be difficult to combine with the linear programming approaches often considered in quantile regression. As a consequence, geoadditive expectile regression based on minimising an asymmetrically weighted sum of squared residuals is introduced. Different estimation procedures are presented including least asymmetrically weighted squares, boosting and restricted expectile regression. The properties of these procedures are investigated in a simulation study and an analysis on rental fees in Munich is provided where the geoadditive specification allows for an analysis of nonlinear effects of the size of flats or the year of construction and the spatial distribution of rents simultaneously.     

基于交易节点分类管理的网络安全模型

为确保对等网络节点交互的安全性,提出一种基于交易节点分类管理的网络安全模型。将失败的交易分为严重失败与一般不满意进行分类统计,以便更准确及时地检测恶意节点。在节点的直接交易过程中,根据交易历史记录,使用支持向量机分类器将网络中的节点划分为可信任节点、陌生节点和恶意节点,分别建立可信任节点列表与恶意节点列表,限制恶意节点的交易及反馈推荐行为。在反馈推荐意见统计表的基础上,利用Bayesian分类器对被评价节点进行分类,根据不同的可信度将可信任节点和陌生节点的反馈意见进行综合,再通过Bayesian估计调整节点的可信度。实验结果表明,与已有的安全模型相比,该模型对恶意行为具有更高的检测率,且交易成功率更高。     

Bi2WO6粉体光催化剂的制备方法及研究进展

光催化技术因其在环境污染净化、能源再生方面的应用前景而引起了广泛关注,新型光催化剂钨酸铋因其具有可见光催化活性成为了光化学领域的研究热点之一．作者简述了Bi2WO6粉体光催化剂的结构及光催化性,详细介绍了一些Bi2WO6粉体的制备方法,总结了Bi2WO6粉体光催化剂今后的研究方向与热点,可为有关人员提供参考．     

钴钇掺杂（Ba,Sr）TiO_3基介电陶瓷的制备与性能研究

采用二次固相反应法制备Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3介电陶瓷,研究了掺杂钴、钇离子对钛酸锶钡介电性能的影响。结果表明,陶瓷样品Y3＋、Co3＋的最佳掺杂浓度分别为0.04mol%和0.05mol%,最佳烧结温度为1340℃,样品的相对介电常数为4200,介电损耗（tanδ）为0.005。样品的结构为四方晶系,P4mm空间群。获得了高介电常数、低损耗的Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3介电陶瓷。