溶胶-凝胶法制备TEOS-DOS基SiO2疏水减反射膜:溶胶微结构对膜性能的影响

以乙醇为溶剂,正硅酸乙酯(TEOS,tetraethoxysilane)在氢氧化铵催化下水解缩聚为纳米尺度的无定型SiO2溶胶颗粒,二甲基二乙氧基硅烷(DDS,dimethyldiethoxysilane)在盐酸催化下水解缩聚为线状聚二甲基硅氧链.用混合溶胶在玻璃基片上旋转镀膜,然后于80℃空气气氛下热处理.实验证明通过DDS将疏水的双甲基链引入镀膜胶体,使膜兼具疏水性和减反射性能.利用激光散射粒度分析仪和电子显微镜研究了溶胶颗粒的粒度变化和聚集情况等溶胶微结构,用物理吸附仪研究了膜的孔结构,考察了热处理前后膜的疏水性和透射谱,得到了溶胶微结构与膜性能之间的关联.     

B4C涂层作为等离子体面对材料的一些性质

介绍了利用等离子喷涂设备,B4C/Cu梯度功能涂层及非梯度涂层的制备技术,在模拟实验装置中测量了在高能粒子(3 keV,D+)的作用下,B4C涂层的化学溅射产额、热解吸性能、热冲击性能及热导率.结果表明B4C是一种有希望为未来聚变装置中等离子体面对的材料.     

表面电沉积合金层提高碳钢齿轮的接触疲劳强度研究

 接触疲劳破坏是齿轮的主要失效形式之一． 在45#钢齿轮齿面电沉积Ni-P-Co合金层，可以显著提高其接触疲劳强度．同时，对合金层的表面形貌，表面粗糙度、显微硬度和疲劳点蚀坑形貌特征等进行了分析．     

钢管减阻型内涂层生产工艺及设备

介绍了钢管减阻型内涂层技术的生产工艺和主要设备，给出了内涂层生产线典型的工艺布置，并对主要设备的组成及工作原理进行了介绍。     

注入氮离子的SiC涂层阻氢性能研究

利用离子束混合－离子注入（Ar^ ）和磁控溅射相结合的实验技术在HR－1不锈钢基体上制备了注入N^ 的SiC涂层，并用表面分析手段对所制备涂层的表面形貌，剖面形貌、相结构，表面成分，表面元素的化学态进行了分析，结果表明：制备的涂层结构致密，表面平整、膜层成分均匀；涂层与基体之间形成了一明显的过渡层，增强了涂层和基体之间的结合力，用二次离子质谱（SIMS）对充氘涂层的阻氢性能进行了定性分析，结果表明，涂层元素与氢形成稳定的化学键，抑制了氢的扩散和迁移，使得涂层具有一定的阻氢能力。     

低碳钢热浸Zn-0.15%Ni合金镀层组织及第二相粒子

采用热浸Zn-Ni合金镀锌方法，在含0.03%-0.36%Si的低碳钢上获得Zn-Ni合金镀层，研究了镀浴中Ni含量和钢中Si含量对镀层中δ相和ζ相生长速率的影响，以及Zn-Ni合金镀层η相中的第二相粒子即Zn-Fe-Ni三元化合物Γ2相粒子的形成和长大过程，结果表明，在Zn-0.15%Ni镀浴中，含硅0.03%-0.215%钢镀层的ζ相明显受到抑制，δ相厚度略有增加，Γ2相粒子的形成和长大过程包括ζ相的溶解，Γ2相的形核和成比例吸收铁，镍而长大。     

Residue curve maps for reactive distillation systems with liquid-phase splitting

A model has been developed to study the effects of chemical kinetics on the residue curve maps (RCM) for reactive distillation systems with liquid phase splitting. In the model, chemical reaction can occur in both or only one of the two liquid phases. The heating policy V/V₀=H/H₀ is applied so that the kinetic effect can be described by a single parameter, the Damköhler number Da. The effects of reaction kinetics on pseudohomogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures have been compared. The properties of their RCMs are the same outside, but are fully different inside the liquid-liquid (L-L) region if they have different chemical equilibrium curves. Inside the L-L region, the chemical equilibrium curve coincides to a unique reactive liquid-liquid tie line in case that the pseudohomogeneous chemical equilibrium curve intersects with the L-L envelope. When the reaction occurs in only one of the two liquid phases, the residue curves inside the L-L region are strongly affected by the L-L envelope, especially at high Da. In the present paper, first an illustrative arbitrary reaction system, and then the reaction of cyclohexene with water to cyclohexanol are analysed with respect to their RCMs.     

Design and control of an olefin metathesis reactive distillation column

This paper considers the design and control of a reactive distillation column in which one reactant is consumed and two products are formed (A?B+C). The volatilities are α_B>α_A>α_C, i.e. the reactant is intermediate boiling between the two products. The metathesis of 2-pentene is considered as the demonstrative example. The column has a single feed of the intermediate boiling reactant. The distillate contains mostly light component and the bottoms mostly heavy.Three designs are considered: the base case (low-conversion/low-pressure), a low-conversion/high-pressure case and a high-conversion/high-pressure case. The base design is obtained from the literature, and the other two steady-state designs are optimized with respect to the total annual cost. All the designs are found to be openloop stable. Five control structures are studied for the base design. Then the best two structures are applied to the remaining two designs. This category of reactive distillation exhibits less challenging problems than other categories since it uses a single feed, which eliminates the need for the control structure to perfectly balance two fresh feeds.Simulation results demonstrate that effective dynamic control is provided by a control structure that uses two temperatures to maintain the purities of both product streams. No internal composition measurement is required. This structure is found to be robust and stable and rejects loads and tracks setpoints very well.     

A study on microstructure and properties of calcium phosphate coatings processed using ion beam assisted deposition on heated substrates

In this study a set of thin Hydroxyapatite (HA) [Ca₁₀(PO₄)₆(OH)₂] coatings was deposited on heated silicon and titanium substrates using Ion Beam Assisted Deposition (IBAD). The effects of substrate temperature and processing parameters on the microstructural properties and composition of the coatings are being studied. Analytical techniques include transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) with an energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), as well as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with EDX, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The current results indicate that as substrate temperature increases the Ca/P ratio of the coatings both on titanium and silicon substrates increases. The crystallinity of the coatings and the number of calcium phosphate compounds within the coating including HA also increases. STEM-EDS revealed an atomically diffused intermediate layer at the interface between the coating and substrate. XRD results along with TEM selected area diffraction (SAD) revealed that the coatings are composed of HA, other calcium phosphate, and calcium oxide compounds.     

耐火纤维喷涂技术的优越性及应用

详细介绍了耐火纤维喷涂技术及施工等各方面的优越性。同时说明耐火纤维喷涂技术,在大庆石化公司炼油厂润滑油白土装置扩建改造中加热炉炉衬上的应用及取得的明显节能效果。