森林火灾的气象卫星监测方法

森林火灾是造成森林资源破坏的重大灾害之一。作者根据近年来从事森林火灾卫星监刚的实践，结合国内外有关利用气象卫星监测林火的资料，介绍了林火卫星监测的原理、方法和实用效果。     

Ultrasonic measurement of the inter-electrode gap in electrochemical machining

During the process of electrochemical machining the dependency of the inter-electrode gap with time and process parameters can be used to determine process characteristics and to define the shape of the workpiece surface relative to the tool surface. Defining process variables to map out the required gap-time function requires the use of time-consuming iterative trials. In-line monitoring of the gap would enable process control and tool to workpiece transfer characteristics to be achieved (for ideal conditions) without the requirement to generate such parameter maps. This work explores the use of ultrasound applied as a passive, non-intrusive, in-line gap measurement system for ECM. The accuracy of this technique was confirmed through correspondence between the generated gap-time and current time data and theoretical models applicable to ideal conditions. Gap measurements are also used to demonstrate and quantify the degree of departure from ideal behaviour for an In718/chloride system as the electrolyte flow rate is reduced from 16 to 4 l min⁻¹. The monitoring of the gap size has also been shown to be effective when determining shape convergence under ideal conditions, for the example case of a 2D sinusoidal profile.     

运用监控系统增强矿井防灾能力

瓦斯监测系统是煤矿瓦斯管理的重要手段。同时也可用于防治矿井胶带运输系统外因火灾，从而大大提高矿井的防灾抗灾水平。     

液位定量式灌装机的灌装精度概率模型与可靠度计算模型

描述了控制液位定量式灌装机的灌装时间与灌装精度的关系，推导出实际灌装时间的理论计算公式。针对实际存在的各种随机变量对灌装时间的影响，建立了灌装时间的概率模型，提出基于灌装时间随机误差的灌状精度以及灌装精度可靠度概念，并相应建立出灌装精度概率模型与灌装精度可靠度计算模型。     

通信用VRLA蓄电池可靠性指标及计算探讨

在说明通信局（站）电源系统对VRLA蓄电池组可靠性要求的基础上，阐述了为了达到电信设备的电压、电流需求，通过串联或串并联构成电池组的单体VRLA蓄电池应达到的可靠性指标。在确定单体VRLA蓄电池应达到的可靠性指标。在确定单体VRLA蓄电池可靠性参数时，可通过现场使用调查或加速寿命试验的办法来求得。在单体VRLA蓄电池可靠性指标过低的情况下，可通过多种冗余连接方式来提高电池组的可靠性。     

Semantic Transparency,Brain Monitoring and Evaluation of Hybrid Cognitive Architectures

In constructing hybrid systems, there is a need for a principled basis to determine the relative roles or functions of artificial neural network and symbolic approaches. The primary objective of the work to be reported is the construction of a conceptual and methodological framework that permits an iterative sequence in which a hybrid model predicts the basis of cognitive performance and an objective analysis of performance provides empirical data, evaluating (and thus constraining) the structure and processes of the model. In seeking a linkage between a hybrid model of cognition and human performance the concept of “semantic transparency” has been adopted, since it can be used in analyzing and describing both the chracteristics of a model of cognition and the processes underlying human performance. An overview of a specific, ”strong” hybrid architecture is presented. The characteristics of the virtual machines which compose it and the nature of their interaction are illustrated. An approach to the questions of evaluation is described based on empirical data obtained by brain monitoring of subjects during cognitive performance.     

面向表面组装工艺技术的PCB焊盘设计

尽管电子设计类软件已相当先进和方便，而且更新速度也很快，但是仍然无法满足各个层次的设计人员的需求，特别是适合各种元素封装形式的焊盘设计库并不能让设计和制造者满意，为了在此方面对PCB设计有所帮助，从印制电路板焊盘的设计方法入手，针对表面组装工艺技术特点，分析了PCB焊盘对PCA可靠性的影响因素，并根据相关的质量要求提出了较为简便的设计方案。     

Cure monitoring of thermoset coatings

The combination of favorable features of tensile mode dynamic mechanical analysis and torsional braid analysis leads to a useful method for cure monitoring of thermoset coatings. This sensitive technique allows the observation of cure reactions over a wide time and temperature range, thus including gelation and long-term curing in one measurement. Isothermal baking can be simulated realistically, since evaporation of volatile compounds like solvents or blocking agents is not hindered and the sample film is in direct contact with the heating atmosphere. Examples are given showing the cure behavior of automotive clear coats and electro coats depending on parameters like crosslinker type and catalytic agents.     

A survey of nitrate and nitrite content of fruit and vegetables grown in Slovenia during 1996-2002

Monitoring of nitrate (NO₃^-) and nitrite (NO₂^-) content in agricultural products in Slovenia has been carried out since 1996. The results of monitoring over the period 1996-2002 are presented. During this time 924 samples of 14 different agricultural products (potato, lettuce, apples, carrot, silage maize, cabbage, grapes, peaches, string beans, cereals, pears, cucumbers, strawberries and tomato) were analysed. The samples were taken at the time of maturity directly from growing sites and they were analysed using segmented flow analysis. The average nitrate contents were the highest in lettuce (1074 mg kg^-1), cabbage (881 mg kg^-1), string beans (298 mg kg^-1) and carrot (264 mg kg^-1), and they were moderately high in potato (158 mg kg^-1), silage maize (122 mg kg^-1), strawberries (94 mg kg^-1), cucumbers (93 mg kg^-1) and cereals (49 mg kg^-1). Low nitrate contents (below 6 mg kg^-1) were found in fruit (grapes, peaches, apples and pears) and tomato. With the exception of cereals (8.9 mg kg^-1), apples (1.5 mg kg^-1), potato (1.2 mg kg^-1) and pears (1.0 mg kg^-1) the content of nitrites did not exceed 0.5 mg kg^-1. It may be concluded that the results of the monitoring were in most cases similar to the results of investigations obtained in other countries.     

大伙房水库渗流监测自动化系统建设经验

介绍了大伙房输水工程重要的配套工程——大伙房水库渗流监测自动化系统的设计方法与实施过程，阐明了测位选布与工程衔接、方便系统维护与运行等问题，实现了与原观测系统的设计选点、施工建设、应用开发及数据处理过程等的配合，在保证系统原观测成果连续、设备运行稳定、与其他系统协调友好、施工过程不冲突和不重复的基础上，很好地实现了由传统监测向自动化监测的过渡。