For a case-study of a wafer scanner from the semiconductor industry it is shown how model checking techniques can be used
to compute (1) a simple yet optimal deadlock avoidance policy, and (2) an infinite schedule that optimizes throughput. in
the absence of errors. Deadlock avoidance is studied based on a simple finite state model using Smv, and for throughput analysis a more detailed timed automaton model has been constructed and analyzed using the Uppaal tool. The Smv and Uppaal models are formally related through the notion of a stuttering bisimulation. The results were obtained within 2 weeks, which
confirms once more that model checking techniques may help to improve the design process of realistic, industrial systems.
Methodologically, the case study is interesting since two models were used to obtain results that could not have been obtained
using only a single model.
Supported by the European Community Project IST-2001-35304 (Ametist), http://ametist.cs.utwente.nl/. 相似文献
Economic ideas and processes are becoming increasingly integrated with more traditional engineering and hydrologic models
of water management problems. Combining economic management concepts and performance indicators with an engineering-level
of understanding of a hydrologic system can provide results and insights more directly relevant for water management decisions
and policies. When such models are developed and used with involvement of stakeholders, they can become a basis for shared
understanding of water problems as a foundation for negotiated management and policy solutions. When implemented with optimization
software, integrated hydro-economic models also can suggest promising innovative solutions for policy-makers to consider.
Their applications to river basin management problems are reviewed. Economic and integrated economic-engineering-hydrologic
modeling is then discussed in the context of the evolving European Water Framework Directive. Relevant items are cost recovery
and water pricing, cost-effectiveness of water management measures, and public participation in decision processes. 相似文献
This paper concerns the following problem: given a set of multi-attribute records, a fixed number of buckets and a two-disk system, arrange the records into the buckets and then store the buckets between the disks in such a way that, over all possible orthogonal range queries (ORQs), the disk access concurrency is maximized. We shall adopt the multiple key hashing (MKH) method for arranging records into buckets and use the disk modulo (DM) allocation method for storing buckets onto disks. Since the DM allocation method has been shown to be superior to any other allocation methods for allocating an MKH file onto a two-disk system for answering ORQs, the real issue is knowing how to determine an optimal way for organizing the records into buckets based upon the MKH concept.
A performance formula that can be used to evaluate the average response time, over all possible ORQs, of an MKH file in a two-disk system using the DM allocation method is first presented. Based upon this formula, it is shown that our design problem is related to a notoriously difficult problem, namely the Prime Number Problem. Then a performance lower bound and an efficient algorithm for designing optimal MKH files in certain cases are presented. It is pointed out that in some cases the optimal MKH file for ORQs in a two-disk system using the DM allocation method is identical to the optimal MKH file for ORQs in a single-disk system and the optimal average response time in a two-disk system is slightly greater than one half of that in a single-disk system. 相似文献
Where there are a large number of projects competing for a limited pool of resources, projects have to be assigned priorities to determine which should proceed and which should be curtailed. The traditional economic procedures for assessing the relative priority of projects are reviewed, and alternative methods of ranking projects are suggested, with particular emphasis on methods that are inexpensive and easy to use. 相似文献
The successful initiation and execution of a virtual team is gaining increasing attention in the design and construction community. From opportunities to integrate international and multidisciplinary teams to the opportunity to leverage the best resources in an organization on a given project, virtual teams can transform the concept of project planning and execution. However, potential barriers exist in several areas to the successful implementation of virtual teams. The needs of increased management emphasis, social and cultural understanding, and emphasis on common goals are only a few of the nontechnical factors that can turn successful virtual teaming into virtual frustration. When combined with traditional technical challenges including compatibility of systems, security, and the selection of appropriate technologies, the line between leveraging virtual technologies for enhanced solutions and introducing additional complications into the project process is one that can be easily crossed. This paper presents the findings of research that addresses the opportunities and potential barriers to successful virtual teams in the engineering, procurement, and construction industry. Combining results from current research, industry practices, and early results from nonconstruction industries, the research findings provide an initial path to successful virtual team implementation. 相似文献