HSE管理体系认证审核的要点

企业所建立的HSE管理体系已运行多年,大多满足认证的条件,HSE体系认证是体系运行的重要环节,也是体系运行绩效的肯定。审核时要面对大量的体系文件和作业记录,因此把握住审核要点会起到事半功倍的效果。     

Determination of the total concentration and speciation of Al(III) in tea infusions

The aluminium species in different tea infusions were investigated, by determining their stability constants and concentration. This was done for some particular samples using a simple experimental method based on the sorption of aluminium on the strongly sorbing resin Chelex 100, by a batch procedure. From the thermodynamic information obtained it is possible to calculate the concentration of the different species, and in particular that of the free metal ion, which is very important for evaluating the adsorption of aluminium on biological membranes. It was found that aluminium in the tea infusions here considered is present at high total concentration, approximately 0.1 mM, but mainly linked to strong complexes, for instance with side reaction coefficient higher than 10(5.11) at pH 3.95 in one case (tea 1). This could be the reason for the low toxicity of aluminium in tea. These strong complexes were not dissociated even in the presence of Chelex 100. In this case only a limiting value of the reaction coefficient could be evaluated. The presence of the very strong complexes was found in all the tea sample here considered. In two of the considered samples (one black and one green tea) a part of Al(III) was linked to less strong complexes, for example with a reaction coefficient 10(4.14) (tea 2, pH 4.20). The presence in the considered tea infusions of other substances able to complex aluminium was also detected, by the well known ligand titration procedure, at concentration ranging from 0.65 to 3.37 mM in three tea infusions, and at somewhat higher concentration in the case of the ready drink, which was also considered for comparison.     

A bi-criteria model for the inventory aggregation problem under risk pooling

Inventory aggregation, also called Risk Pooling, is one of the most efficient ways to reduce the level of safety stocks thereby reducing inventory across the supply chain. Determining the best level of aggregation is a difficult problem and needs extensive study of all the possible scenarios that can affect this decision. Minimizing costs in a supply chain is no longer the sole priority of businesses. Maintaining a high level of responsiveness is also considered equally important. The conflicting nature of these two criteria makes the solution of the problem difficult. In this paper, we develop a bi-criteria nonlinear stochastic integer programming model to determine the best supply chain distribution network to meet customer demands, where minimizing costs while maintaining high levels of responsiveness is important. We develop a two-stage optimization algorithm to solve this problem.     

基于AHP的信息系统风险处理评估研究

针对信息系统安全态势评估中风险处理的问题．提出基于AHP分析法的信息安全风险处理评估模型,并运用层次分析法进行风险处理因素权重的计算。研究结果表明．该模型能有效地对信息系统的风险处理提供科学依据。     

浅谈信息系统项目的风险管理

随着信息技术的高速发展,各种信息系统项目发展迅速。然而,类似建设工程项目一样,信息系统项目也存在各种不确定因素。在项目实施过程中,随时都有可能出现风险,从而产生各种问题。所以,我们需要做好信息系统项目的风险管理。在经过风险管理计划的编制、风险识别、定性和定量风险分析之后,笔者认为项目实施中最主要的风险有:项目频繁变更、系统功能和质量达不到要求、团队效率低下等,需要对其进行重点管理,采取相应的应对措施。对于其他相对次要的风险,也要给予一定的关注。最后,做好风险监督与控制。鉴于风险管理的重要性,我们必须高度重视,做到理论与实际相结合,真正做好信息系统项目的风险管理。     

Tributary use and large-scale movements of grass carp in Lake Erie

Infrequent captures of invasive, non-native grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) have occurred in Lake Erie over the last 30+ years, with recent evidence suggesting wild reproduction in the lake’s western basin (WB) is occurring. Information on grass carp movements in the Laurentian Great Lakes is lacking, but an improved understanding of large-scale movements and potential areas of aggregation will help inform control strategies and risk assessment if grass carp spread to other parts of Lake Erie and other Great Lakes. Twenty-three grass carp captured in Lake Erie’s WB were implanted with acoustic transmitters and released. Movements were monitored with acoustic receivers deployed throughout Lake Erie and elsewhere in the Great Lakes. Grass carp dispersed up to 236 km, with approximately 25% of fish dispersing greater than 100 km from their release location. Mean daily movements ranged from <0.01 to 2.49 km/day, with the highest daily averages occurring in the spring and summer. The Sandusky, Detroit, and Maumee Rivers, and Plum Creek were the most heavily used WB tributaries. Seventeen percent of grass carp moved into Lake Erie’s central or eastern basins, although all fish eventually returned to the WB. One fish emigrated from Lake Erie through the Huron-Erie Corridor and into Lake Huron. Based on our results, past assessments may have underestimated the potential for grass carp to spread in the Great Lakes. We recommend focusing grass carp control efforts on Sandusky River and Plum Creek given their high use by tagged fish, and secondarily on Maumee and Detroit Rivers.     

组合评价方法在煤矿安全风险评估中的应用

研究煤矿安全风险准确评估问题,煤矿生产的复杂性导致煤矿事故的动态性、模糊性和随机性,且影响煤矿安全风险等级指标多,指标与风险等级之间呈复杂的非线性关系,导致传统评估方法的准确率低。为了提高煤矿安全风险评估的准确率,提出一种组合的煤矿安全风险评估方法。首先构建出煤矿安全风险评估指标体系,然后采用层次分析法计算各评估指标权重,且采用模糊方法建立判断矩阵,最后将其输入到BP神经网络学习建立煤矿安全风险评估模型。利用具体数据对模型性能进行了验证性测试。实验结果表明,相比较于其它评价方法,组合评价方法提高了煤矿安全风险评估的准确率,是一种有效的煤矿安全风险评估方法。     

支持向量机及其在径流预测中的应用

给出了支持向量机方法(SVM)的思路、特点及关键之处,探讨了SVM在径流预测中的可能性,并与基于遗传算法的门限回归模型(TR) 进行了对比分析。径流预测实例分析表明,在拟合阶段,SVM模型要好于TR模型;在预留检验阶段,SVM模型与TR模型接近。同时SVM模型适合于小样本情况且能达到全局最优。SVM模型用于径流预测是可行的、优越的。     

Failure mode and effects analysis using D numbers and grey relational projection method

Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) is a widely used risk assessment tool for defining, identifying and eliminating potential failures or problems in products, process, designs and services. Two critical issues of FMEA are the representation and handling of various types of assessments and the determination of risk priorities of failure modes. Many different approaches have been suggested to enhance the performance of traditional FMEA; however, deficiencies exist in these approaches. In this paper, based on a more effective representation of uncertain information, called D numbers, and an improved grey relational analysis method, grey relational projection (GRP), a new risk priority model is proposed for the risk evaluation in FMEA. In the proposed model, the assessment results of risk factors given by FMEA team members are expressed and modeled by D numbers. The GRP method is used to determine the risk priority order of the failure modes that have been identified. Finally, an illustrative case is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness and practicality of the proposed model.     

Validity and inter-observer reliability of subjective hand-arm vibration assessments

Exposure to mechanical vibrations at work (e.g., due to handling powered tools) is a potential occupational risk as it may cause upper extremity complaints. However, reliable and valid assessment methods for vibration exposure at work are lacking. Measuring hand-arm vibration objectively is often difficult and expensive, while often used information provided by manufacturers lacks detail. Therefore, a subjective hand-arm vibration assessment method was tested on validity and inter-observer reliability.